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IEEE Symposium on Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications

作者： S. Wang J.R. Merrick K.G. Shin Real-Time Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

Allocating software components while meeting multiple platform resource constraints is crucial for model-based design of large embedded real-time software and automatic design model transformation. In this paper, we propose a new method for component allocation using an informed branch-and-bound and forward checking mechanism subject to a combination of resource constraints. We have implemented this method in the automatic integration of reusable embedded software (AIRES) toolkit - which has been developed under the DARPA MoBIES Program - and applied it to an automotive electronic throttle control (ETC) system. Our evaluation based on randomly-generated design models has shown that the proposed method scales well for large and complex embedded real-time software.

关键词： Resource management Software design Embedded software Control systems Embedded computing Forward contracts Automotive electronics Automatic control Software performance Scheduling

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On extended finite element method (XFEM) for modelling of organ deformations associated with surgical cuts

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International Symposium on medical Simulation, ISMS 2004

作者： Vigneron, Lara M. Verly, Jacques G. Warfield, Simon K. Signal Processing Group Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Liège Belgium Surgical Planning Laboratory Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540221867

The Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) is a technique used in fracture mechanics to predict how objects deform as cracks form and propagate through them. Here, we propose the use of XFEM to model the deformations resulting from cutting through organ tissues. We show that XFEM has the potential for being the technique of choice for modelling tissue retraction and resection during surgery. Candidates applications are surgical simulators and image-guided surgery. A key feature of XFEM is that material discontinuities through FEM meshes can be handled without mesh adaptation or remeshing, as would be required in regular FEM. As a preliminary illustration, we show the result of XFEM calculation for a simple 2D shape in which a linear cut was made. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Finite element method

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Algorithmic-Parameter optimization of a parallelized split-step fourier transform using a modified BSP cost model 04

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Proceedings of the Second international conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications

作者： Elankovan Sundararajan Malin Premaratne Shanika Karunasekera Aaron Harwood Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Melbourne Carlton Victoria Australia Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory Department for Electrical and Computer System Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783540241287

Adaptive algorithms are increasingly acknowledged in leading parallel and distributed research. In the past, algorithms were manually tuned to be executed efficiently on a particular architecture. However, interest has shifted towards algorithms that can adapt themselves to the computational resources. A cost model representing the behavior of the system (i.e. system parameters) and the algorithm (i.e algorithm parameters) plays an important role in adaptive parallel algorithms. In this paper, we contribute a computational model based on Bulk Synchronous Parallel processing that predicts performance of a parallelized split-step Fourier transform. We extracted the system parameters of a cluster (upon which our algorithm was executed) and showed the use of an algorithmic parameter in the model that exhibits optimal behavior. Our model can thus be used for the purpose of self-adaption.

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Level set methods in an EM framework for shape classification and estimation

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medical Image computing and computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2004 - 7th International Conference, Proceedings

作者： Tsai, Andy Wells, William Warfield, Simon K. Willsky, Alan Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Radiology Children's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540229760

In this paper, we propose an Expectation-Maximization (EM) approach to separate a shape database into different shape classes, while simultaneously estimating the shape contours that best exemplify each of the different shape classes. We begin our formulation by employing the level set function as the shape descriptor. Next, for each shape class we assume that there exists an unknown underlying level set function whose zero level set describes the contour that best represents the shapes within that shape class. The level set function for each example shape is modeled as a noisy measurement of the appropriate shape class's unknown underlying level set function. Based on this measurement model and the judicious introduction of the class labels as hidden data, our EM formulation calculates the labels for shape classification and estimates the shape contours that best typify the different shape classes. This resulting iterative algorithm is computationally efficient, simple, and accurate. We demonstrate the utility and performance of this algorithm by applying it to two medical applications. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Maximum principle

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Sequential and Parallel Meta-Heuristics for Solving the Single Row Routing Problem

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Cluster computing 2004年第2期7卷 123-139页

作者： Zomaya, Albert Y. Patterson, Daniel Olariu, Stephan School of Information Technologies The University of Sydney Sydney Australia Parallel Computing Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Western Australia Australia Department of Computer Science Old Dominion University Norfolk USA

The design of multi-layer printed circuit boards is vital in the construction of complex electronic systems. Wire routing is a crucial step in the overall design process, which can be decomposed into a number of single row routing (SRR) problems. This paper proposes an approach to solve the SRR problem based on parallel meta-heuristics. The development of this technique involves the design of an encoding strategy that allows all possible routings to be uniquely represented and the derivation of cost functions that maximizes the quality of the developed solutions. Further, parallelization of the proposed approach is attempted to improve the computational efficiency. The different stages of the development are backed by experiments to show the pros and cons of the sequential and parallel implementations.

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Algorithmic-parameter optimization of a parallelized split-step Fourier transform using a modified BSP cost model

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2004年 3358卷 233-244页

作者： Sundararajan, Elankovan Premaratne, Malin Karunasekera, Shanika Harwood, Aaron Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne ICT Building 111 Barry Street Carlton Vic. 3053 Australia Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory Department for Electrical and Computer System Engineering Monash University Clayton Vic. 3800 Australia

关键词： Adaptive algorithms

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Preface 4th

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4th International Conference on Rough Sets and Current Trends in computing, RSCTC 2004

作者： Tsumoto, Shusaku Slowiski, Roman Komorowski, Jan Grzymala-Busse, Jerzy W. Shimane University School of Medicine Department of Medical Informatics 89-1 Enya-cho Izumo Shimane Japan Poznan University of Technology Institute of Computing Science Piotrowo 3a Poznan Poland Uppsala University The Linnaeus Centre for Bioinformatics BMC Box 598 Husargatan 3 Uppsala Sweden University of Kansas Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science LawrenceKS United States

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Texture analysis of the endometrium during hysteroscopy: preliminary results

Texture analysis of the endometrium during hysteroscopy: pre...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： M.S. Neophytou C.S. Pattichis M.S. Pattichis V. Tanos E.C. Kyriacou S. Pavlopoulos D.D. Koutsouris Department of Computer Science University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Biomedical Engineering Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National and Technical University of Athens Greece Deptartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Mexico NM USA Evaggelistria Medical Center Nicosia Cyprus

The objective of this study is to investigate the usefulness of texture analysis in the endometrium during hysteroscopy in endoscopic imaging of the uterine cavity. Endoscopy images from the endometrium from three subjects, at optimum illumination and focus, were frozen and digitized at 720/spl times/576 pixels using 24 bits color. Regions of interest (ROI) of normal (N=61) and abnormal (N=69) regions were manually selected by the physician. ROI images were converted into gray scale and statistical features (SF) and spatial gray level dependence matrix features (SGLDM) were computed. The nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test at a=0.05 was carried out for comparing the differences between normal and abnormal tissue. There was significant difference between normal and abnormal endometrium for the SF features variance, energy and entropy and for the SGLDM feature of angular second moment. There was no significant difference for the SF features mean, median, and SGLDM features of contrast, correlation and homogeneity.

关键词： Image texture analysis Image analysis Endoscopes Lighting Focusing Pixel Image converters Matrix converters Testing Entropy

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Microcalcification detection based on localized texture comparison

Microcalcification detection based on localized texture comp...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Xin Yuan Pengcheng Shi Medical Image Computing Group Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong China College of Computer Science University of Zhejiang Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)0780385543

While microcalcifications (MCs) are important early signs of breast cancers, their reliable detection from mammograms has been largely elusive for both radiologists and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) strategies. Two of the essential components in a CAD system are the detection of the suspicious MC pixels/regions using image processing and analysis techniques, and the training, classification, and recognition of these areas based on pattern recognition methods. In this paper, we present a novel scheme to identify and classify microcalcifications based on localized texture comparison. Relying on a texture removal and repairing (R&R) process of the preselected suspicious areas from their surrounding background tissues, pre- and post- R&R local characteristic features of these areas are extracted and compared. A modified AdaBoost algorithm is then adopted to train the classifier using expert-labelled microcalcifications, followed by a clustering process. Experiments with the mammographic images from the MIAS and DDSM databases have shown very promising results.

关键词： Pattern recognition Breast cancer Cancer detection computer aided diagnosis Pixel Image processing Image analysis Pattern analysis Image recognition Clustering algorithms

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Steps towards 'undigital' intelligent image processing: real-valued image coding of photoquantimetric pictures into the JLM file format for the compression of portable lightspace maps

Steps towards 'undigital' intelligent image processing: real...

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IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS)

作者： S. Mann C. Manders B.L. Belmellat L. Kansal D. Chen EyeTap Personal Imaging (ePi) Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada Human Media Laboratory (HML) School of Computing and Information Science Queen's University Kingston ONT Canada

Recent advances in intelligent signal processing have made it possible to capture high dynamic range images which are better represented as an array of real numbers rather than the current convention of an array of integers. This paper proposes a solution to address the need for real, rather than just integer, image coding and file formats. Additionally, we propose that the real-valued data be linear in photoquantity (the quantity of light received by the camera) to avoid the image misrepresentation that occurs when a camera's non-linear dynamic range compressor and a display's dynamic range non-linear expander do not match. We present two novel image formats that achieve this: the portable lightspace map (PLM) and its compressed version the JPEG lightspace map (JLM), that builds upon the JPEG compression scheme. The results of various compression levels for real-valued data and their corresponding file sizes are reported.

关键词： Image coding Image processing Dynamic range Digital cameras Spatial resolution Optical arrays Transform coding Displays Sensor arrays Portable computers

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