High-resolution polarization sensitive in-vitro imaging was performed of rat and rabbit normal and osteoarthritic knee articular cartilage. Images of normal and osteoarthritic cartilage were compared to determine if p...
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High resolution, in vivo imaging of osteoarthritic cartilage is performed during knee replacement surgery. Imaging of the cartilage in an intact knee joint in vitro is also demonstrated using a minimally invasive arth...
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This paper presents a fully integrated biosensor array, which includes an oxygen sensor and a glucose sensor, for measurement of metabolic parameters in human blood. Partial oxygen concentration and glucose concentrat...
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This paper presents a fully integrated biosensor array, which includes an oxygen sensor and a glucose sensor, for measurement of metabolic parameters in human blood. Partial oxygen concentration and glucose concentration in human blood were successfully detected in less than one minute using the developed biosensor array. Total sensor design is based on low melting point gel-based solid electrolyte that simplified fabrication process. Most parameters that are relative to sensor performance were calibrated and compared to optimize the sensor design. Such parameters include membrane material, thickness of membrane and solid electrolyte layer, area of electrodes, distance between electrodes, and the shape of electrodes. We also integrated the developed biosensor array with microfluidic systems for precise control of sample delivery.
Summary form only given. In this study, intraoperative imaging was performed to investigate the feasibility of OCT for imaging prostate pathology in vivo as well as to investigate OCT intraoperative imaging in a more ...
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Summary form only given. In this study, intraoperative imaging was performed to investigate the feasibility of OCT for imaging prostate pathology in vivo as well as to investigate OCT intraoperative imaging in a more general context. A sterilizable hand-held surgical probe was developed and used with a portable OCT system to image in the surgical suite and pathology laboratory. The imaging probe has a 2 cm working distance which allows the surgeon to maneuver the beam within the tight confines of the surgical field. Preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of intraoperative OCT imaging in human subjects as well as imaging in a pathology laboratory environment.
One of the primary tasks in the area of uniform dependence loops, is predicting the execution propagation, as well as finding an optimal time schedule. In this work, the problem of scheduling using wavefront predictio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769511538
One of the primary tasks in the area of uniform dependence loops, is predicting the execution propagation, as well as finding an optimal time schedule. In this work, the problem of scheduling using wavefront prediction is presented. The geometric concepts of time instance subspaces and execution pattern are introduced. A quite simple and low complexity scheduling algorithm is presented. The index space is split into geometric subspaces and any point can be located in them. Each point is then scheduled according to the subspace where it belongs.
Feedback signaling plays a crucial role in flow control because the traffic source relies on the signaling information to make correct and timely flow-control decisions. Multicast flow-control signaling imposes two ad...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780370163
Feedback signaling plays a crucial role in flow control because the traffic source relies on the signaling information to make correct and timely flow-control decisions. Multicast flow-control signaling imposes two additional challenges: scalability and feedback synchronization. We developed a binary-tree deterministic model (Zhang and Shin 1999) and an independent-marking statistical model (Zhang and Shin 2000) to study the delay performance of various multicast feedback-synchronization signaling algorithms. In this paper, we consider the general case in which the congestion markings at different links are dependent. We develop a Markov chain model defined by the link-marking state on each path in a multicast tree. The Markov chain can not only characterize link-marking dependencies, but also yield a tractable analytical model. We also develop a Markov-chain dependency-degree model which can he used to quantify/evaluate all possible Markov-chain dependency degrees without knowing a priori the dependency degree information. Using the Markov-chain and dependency-degree models, we derive the general expressions for the probability distribution of each path bring the multicast-tree bottleneck. Also derived are the closed-form expressions for the first and second moments of multicast signaling delays. The proposed Markov chain is also shown to asymptotically reach an equilibrium, and its limiting state distributions converge to the link-marking marginal probabilities when the Markov chain is irreducible. By applying these two models, we analyze and contrast the feedback-delay scalability of two representative multicast signaling protocols: soft-synchronization protocol and hop-by-hop (HBH) signaling algorithms.
We propose an efficient flow and error control scheme for high-throughput transport protocols by using a second-order rate control, called the /spl alpha/-control, and a new sliding-window scheme for error control. Th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769514294
We propose an efficient flow and error control scheme for high-throughput transport protocols by using a second-order rate control, called the /spl alpha/-control, and a new sliding-window scheme for error control. The /spl alpha/-control minimizes the packet retransmissions by adjusting the rate-gain parameter to the variations in the number and round-trip times (RTTs) of cross-traffic flows that share the bottleneck. Using selective retransmission, the sliding-window scheme guarantees lossless transmission. By applying the /spl alpha/-control, the proposed scheme can drive the flow-controlled system to a retransmission-less equilibrium state. Using the fluid analysis, we establish the flow-control system model, obtain the greatest lower bound for the target buffer occupancy, and derive closed-form expressions for packet losses, loss rate, and link-transmission efficiency. We prove that the /spl alpha/-control is feasible and optimal linear control in terms of efficiency and fairness. Also presented are the extensive simulation results that confirm the analytical results, and demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme to others in dealing with the variations of cross-traffic flows sharing the same bottleneck and their RTTs, controlling packet losses/retransmissions, and achieving buffer-usage fairness as well as high throughput.
We present an architecture that supports reconfigurable software construction. In this architecture, the controller software consists of a set of well-defined components and a set of behavior specifications. Each comp...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780365763
We present an architecture that supports reconfigurable software construction. In this architecture, the controller software consists of a set of well-defined components and a set of behavior specifications. Each component is modeled with event-based external interfaces, a control logic driver and service protocols. Behaviors of components and their integration are modeled as finite state machines and nested finite state machines. The behaviors of software can be specified in Control Plan programs and executed by control logic drivers at run-time. Such software supports executable code-level reconfiguration as well as remote behavioral reconfiguration. Reconfiguration with heterogeneous implementations and vendor-neutral products is also supported. Our evaluation of the motion control software for a milling machine controller demonstrated that the software constructed with this architecture has high reconfigurability and low development and maintenance costs.
Dependability of service (DoS) has become an important requirement for real-time applications, such as remote medical services, business-critical network meetings and command-and-control applications. The Dependable R...
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Dependability of service (DoS) has become an important requirement for real-time applications, such as remote medical services, business-critical network meetings and command-and-control applications. The Dependable Real-Time Protocol (DRTP), in which each dependable real-time connection is realized with one primary and one or more backup channels, has been shown to be an effective way of providing DoS. How to route both primary and backup channels for each dependable real-time connection is of vital importance to the success of failure recovery and to overhead reduction in providing DoS. In this paper, we propose and evaluate three different schemes for routing the primary and backup channels of each dependable real-time connection. Specifically, we present methods based on link-state information and bounded flooding to discover routes for the primary and backup channels while satisfying the required quality of service (QoS). The costs of the link-state and flooding algorithms are reduced significantly by using the fact that the probability of success in failure recovery can be estimated with simple link-state information, and by bounding the flooded region within an ellipse with the two communication end-points as loci. Our in-depth simulations have shown that the proposed routing schemes are highly effective, providing a fault tolerance of 87% or higher with a network capacity overhead of less than 85%.
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