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Generative AI for Data Augmentation in Wireless Networks: Analysis, Applications, and Case Study

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wen, Jinbo Kang, Jiawen Niyato, Dusit Zhang, Yang Wang, Jiacheng Sikdar, Biplab Zhang, Ping College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics China School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China

Data augmentation is a powerful technique to mitigate data scarcity. However, owing to fundamental differences in wireless data structures, traditional data augmentation techniques may not be suitable for wireless data. Fortunately, Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) can be an effective alternative to wireless data augmentation due to its excellent data generation capability. This article systemically explores the potential and effectiveness of GenAI-driven data augmentation in wireless networks. We first briefly review data augmentation techniques, discuss their limitations in wireless networks, and introduce generative data augmentation, including reviewing GenAI models and their applications in data augmentation. We then explore the application prospects of GenAI-driven data augmentation in wireless networks from the physical, network, and application layers, which provides a GenAI-driven data augmentation architecture for each application. Subsequently, we propose a general generative diffusion model-based data augmentation framework for Wi-Fi gesture recognition, which uses transformer-based diffusion models to generate high-quality channel state information data. Furthermore, we develop residual neural network models for Wi-Fi gesture recognition to evaluate the role of augmented data and conduct a case study based on a real dataset. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Finally, we discuss research directions for generative data augmentation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

Finite-size analysis of prepare-and-measure and decoy-state QKD via entropy accumulation

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kamin, Lars Arqand, Amir George, Ian Lütkenhaus, Norbert Tan, Ernest Y.-Z. Institute for Quantum Computing Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

An important goal in quantum key distribution (QKD) is the task of providing a finite-size security proof without the assumption of collective attacks. For prepare-and-measure QKD, one approach for obtaining such proofs is the generalized entropy accumulation theorem (GEAT), but thus far it has only been applied to study a small selection of protocols. In this work, we present techniques for applying the GEAT in finite-size analysis of generic prepare-and-measure protocols, with a focus on decoy-state protocols. In particular, we present an improved approach for computing entropy bounds for decoy-state protocols, which has the dual benefits of providing tighter bounds than previous approaches (even asymptotically) and being compatible with methods for computing min-tradeoff functions in the GEAT. Furthermore, we develop methods to incorporate some improvements to the finite-size terms in the GEAT, and implement techniques to automatically optimize the min-tradeoff function. Our approach also addresses some numerical stability challenges specific to prepare-and-measure protocols, which were not addressed in previous works. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

Fast and accurate sparse-view CBCT reconstruction using meta-learned neural attenuation field and hash-encoding regularization

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Shin, Heejun Kim, Taehee Lee, Jongho Chun, Se Young Cho, Seungryong Shin, Dongmyung Artificial Intelligence Engineering Division Radisen Co. Ltd. Seoul Korea Republic of Laboratory for Imaging Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Intelligent Computational Imaging Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Laboratory Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea Republic of

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an emerging medical imaging technique to visualize the internal anatomical structures of patients. During a CBCT scan, several projection images of different angles or views are collectively utilized to reconstruct a tomographic image. However, reducing the number of projections in a CBCT scan while preserving the quality of a reconstructed image is challenging due to the nature of an ill-posed inverse problem. Recently, a neural attenuation field (NAF) method was proposed by adopting a neural radiance field algorithm as a new way for CBCT reconstruction, demonstrating fast and promising results using only 50 views. However, decreasing the number of projections is still preferable to reduce potential radiation exposure, and a faster reconstruction time is required considering a typical scan time. In this work, we propose a fast and accurate sparse-view CBCT reconstruction (FACT) method to provide better reconstruction quality and faster optimization speed in the minimal number of view acquisitions ( Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image reconstruction

Detection of White Matter Hyperintensities in Magnetic Resonance Imaging by Hyperspectral Subpixel Detection

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IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 111992-112007页

作者： Yung-Chieh Chang Chein-I Chang Yen-Chieh Ouyang Jyh-Wen Chai Wen-Hsien Chen Kuan-Jung Pan Hsin-Che Wang Clayton Chi-Chang Chen Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Radiology Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Research Center for Quantitative Imaging in Medicine (CQUIM) Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are lesion in brain magnetic resonance images generally associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cognitive decline. Finding WMHs of AD poses a great challenge for diagnosis. This paper interprets a brain MR image as a hyperspectral image so that a well stablished hyperspectral subpixel detection algorithm, constrained energy minimization (CEM), is applicable to solving the WMHs detection problem at mixed pixel and subpixel level. To resolve nonlinear mixing in detecting WMHs nearby boundaries, a nonlinear CEM, called kernel CEM (KCEM) is also developed. Since CEM is a hyperspectral technique without taking spatial correlation into account, CEM was also extended to iterative CEM (ICEM) by including spatial filters to capture spatial information for WMHs detection. This paper combines ICEM and KCEM to derive a new WHMs detection algorithm, iterative KCEM (IKCEM) to improve ICEM and KCEM on WMHs detection. To evaluate the WMHs detection performance, two criteria, Dice similarity index (DSI) and 3D ROC analysis are used as evaluation tools. In order to show the superiority of IKCEM, two commonly used software packages, statistical parametric mapping (SPM)-based algorithms, SPM-lesion growth algorithm (SPM-LGA) and SPM-lesion prediction algorithm (SPM-LPA) are implemented for validation and comparison.

关键词： Hyperspectral imaging Magnetic resonance imaging Iterative methods medical diagnostic imaging White matter Manuals Energy management Neuroimaging Brain modeling Alzheimer's disease Energy measurement

computer Vision-Control-Based CNN-PID for Mobile Robot

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 1065-1079页

作者： Rihem Farkh Mohammad Tabrez Quasim Khaled Al jaloud Saad Alhuwaimel Shams Tabrez Siddiqui College of Engineering Muzahimiyah BranchKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2454Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBisha67714Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Laboratory for AnalysisConception and Control of SystemsLR-11-ES20National Engineering School of TunisTunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia

With the development of artificial intelligence technology,various sectors of industry have *** them,the autonomous vehicle industry has developed considerably,and research on self-driving control systems using artificial intelligence has been extensively *** on the use of image-based deep learning to monitor autonomous driving systems have recently been *** this paper,we propose an advanced control for a serving robot.A serving robot acts as an autonomous line-follower vehicle that can detect and follow the line drawn on the floor and move in specified *** robot should be able to follow the trajectory with speed *** controllers were used simultaneously to achieve *** neural networks(CNNs)are used for target tracking and trajectory prediction,and a proportional-integral-derivative controller is designed for automatic steering and speed *** study makes use of a Raspberry PI,which is responsible for controlling the robot car and performing inference using CNN,based on its current image input.

关键词： Autonomous car pid control deep learning convolutional neural network differential drive system raspberry pi

A Cooperative Co-Evolution Algorithm with Variable-Importance Grouping for Large-Scale Optimization

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A Cooperative Co-Evolution Algorithm with Variable-Importanc...

Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Yongfeng Li Yuze Zhang Lijia Ma Junkai Ji Dugang Liu Victor C. M. Leung Jianqiang Li College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Shenzhen China Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350308365

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308372

Cooperative co-evolution (CC) is a promising direction in solving large-scale multiobjective optimization problems (LMOPs). However, most existing methods of grouping decision variables face some difficulties when searching in the huge search space. Specifically, the methods of grouping decision variables can be classified into two types, i.e., high-consumption grouping methods and non-consumption grouping methods. On the one hand, the former ones divide the decision variables into different groups based on the correlation analysis between variables, which consume much evaluation. This way may lead to premature convergence within limited computational resources. On the other hand, the later ones allocate the decision variables into sub-groups based on some metrics, e.g., order and size, which consume no evaluation while may cause the search fall into local optima. To alleviate the above issues, this paper proposes a CC-based algorithm with a variable-importance grouping (VIG) method, called VICCA. Firstly, the decision variables are classified into several subgroups according to their importance quantified by a meta-gene construction method. Secondly, a CC strategy is designed to simultaneously optimize all subgroups of decision variables formed by VIG using the differential evolution operator, which aims to accelerate the convergence speed. Thirdly, a global evolutionary strategy is proposed to optimize original decision variable space by the competitive swarm optimizer, aiming to maintain the diversity. Finally, the experiments demonstrate that our proposed VICCA has the significant advantage in solving LMOPs when compared with state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms.

关键词： Measurement Correlation Sociology Evolutionary computation Reinforcement learning Germanium Computational efficiency

FetalDiffusion: Pose-Controllable 3D Fetal MRI Synthesis with Conditional Diffusion Model

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Molin Golland, Polina Grant, P. Ellen Adalsteinsson, Elfar Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT CambridgeMA United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory MIT CambridgeMA United States Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center Boston Children’s Hospital BostonMA United States Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Institute for Medical Engineering and Science MIT CambridgeMA United States

The quality of fetal MRI is significantly affected by unpredictable and substantial fetal motion, leading to the introduction of artifacts even when fast acquisition sequences are employed. The development of 3D real-time fetal pose estimation approaches on volumetric EPI fetal MRI opens up a promising avenue for fetal motion monitoring and prediction. Challenges arise in fetal pose estimation due to limited number of real scanned fetal MR training images, hindering model generalization when the acquired fetal MRI lacks adequate pose. In this study, we introduce FetalDiffusion, a novel approach utilizing a conditional diffusion model to generate 3D synthetic fetal MRI with controllable pose. Additionally, an auxiliary pose-level loss is adopted to enhance model performance. Our work demonstrates the success of this proposed model by producing high-quality synthetic fetal MRI images with accurate and recognizable fetal poses, comparing favorably with in-vivo real fetal MRI. Furthermore, we show that the integration of synthetic fetal MR images enhances the fetal pose estimation model’s performance, particularly when the number of available real scanned data is limited resulting in 15.4% increase in PCK and 50.2% reduced in mean error. All experiments are done on a single 32GB V100 GPU. Our method holds promise for improving real-time tracking models, thereby addressing fetal motion issues more effectively. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

Adaptive Frequency Hopping for 5G New Radio mMTC Security

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Adaptive Frequency Hopping for 5G New Radio mMTC Security

IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)

作者： Wai Ming Chan Hyuck M. Kwon Rémi A. Chou David J. Love Sonia Fahmy Syed Rafiul Hussain Sang Wu Kim Chris Vander Valk Christopher G. Brinton Vuk Marojevic Khanh D. Pham Taejoon Kim Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Kansas Lawrence KS USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wichita State University Wichita KS USA School of Computing Wichita State University Wichita KS USA Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Computer Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University State College PA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA Raytheon BBN Cambridge MA USA Department of ECE Mississippi State University Starkville MS USA Air Force Research Laboratory Albuquerque NM USA

3GPP standards (e.g., LTE and 5G New Radio (NR)) have revolutionized commercial broadband access. Unfortunately, the openness of $\mathbf{3GPP}$ specifications and high-level of adaptability make fifth-generation (5G) networks increasingly sensitive to unsophisticated attacks in the network. While 5G NR has introduced frequency hopping (FH) for massive machine-type communications $(\mathbf{mMTC})$ , there has not been a unified approach to designing the FH patterns in practical 5G systems. In this paper, we investigate the multi-user FH design problem at the physical resource grid of the 5G communication networks. We present various criteria for FH pattern design and propose two algorithms that are implementable with low complexity. The first scheme utilizes known interference patterns to design a set of user equipment (UE) FH patterns that are immune to interfering attacks. The second scheme leverages interference statistics and minimizes the expected number of hits by the interferer. Through numerical simulations and analytical modeling, we demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed schemes, which outperform the uniform FH pattern and achieve near-optimal performance.

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Mixture Gaussian Distribution-Based Collaborative Reinforcement Learning for 3D UAV Localization Optimization Against Jamming Attacks

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Mixture Gaussian Distribution-Based Collaborative Reinforcem...

IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Yujiao Zhu Mingzhe Chen Sihua Wang Yuchen Liu Gaolei Li Changchuan Yin Tony Q.S. Quek Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Network Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

In this paper, the optimization of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) localization under jamming attacks is studied. In the considered network, a base station (BS) collaborates with an active UAV to localize a target UAV. During this positioning process, a jamming UAV transmits discontinuous signals to passive UAVs to interfere the distance information measurement. To localize the target UAV under jamming attacks, the BS jointly use two localization methods: 1) generative adversarial network (GAN)-based positioning method and 2) time difference of arrival (TDOA)-based positioning method. Since GAN-based positioning method cannot defense in a strong jamming signal while TDOA-based positioning method may consume more energy and sacrifice localization accuracy, the BS must select an appropriate positioning method (GAN-based or TDOA-based methods) and four distance measurement information of passive UAVs to estimate the position of the target UAV. This problem is formulated as an optimization problem whose goal is to minimize the positioning error between the estimated and the ground truth positions of the target UAV while considering jamming attacks and the trajectory of passive UAVs. To solve this problem, we propose a mixture Gaussian distribution model-based collaborative reinforcement learning (RL) method which enables the active UAV to determine its transmit power and trajectory, and enables the BS to select the most appropriate subsets of distance measurement information and the optimal positioning method according to the movement of passive UAVs and the unknown jamming attack pattern of the jamming UAV. Simulation results show the proposed method can reduce the positioning error of the target UAV by up to 36.5% compared to the method that does not consider the GAN-based positioning method.

关键词： Location awareness Simulation Collaboration Reinforcement learning Gaussian distribution Autonomous aerial vehicles Distance measurement Trajectory Jamming Optimization