The impact of apolipoprotein E(ApoE)isoforms on sporadic Alzheimer's disease has long been studied;however,the influences of apolipoprotein E gene(APOE)on healthy and pathological human brains are not fully *** ex...
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The impact of apolipoprotein E(ApoE)isoforms on sporadic Alzheimer's disease has long been studied;however,the influences of apolipoprotein E gene(APOE)on healthy and pathological human brains are not fully *** exists as three common isoforms(ApoE2,ApoE3,and ApoE4),which differ in two amino acid ***,ApoE binds cholesterol and phospholipids and ApoE isoforms display diffe rent affinities for their receptors,lipids transport and distribution in the brain and *** role of ApoE in the human depends on ApoE isoforms,brain regions,aging,and neural *** E4 is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease,considering its role in influencing amyloid-beta *** exact mechanisms by which APOE gene variants may increase or decrease Alzheimer's disease risk are not fully understood,but APOE was also known to affect directly and indirectly tau-mediated neurodegeneration,lipids metabolism,neurovascular unit,and microglial *** with the biological function of ApoE,ApoE4 isoform significantly alte red signaling pathways associated with cholesterol homeostasis,transport,and ***,the rare protective APOE variants confirm that ApoE plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease *** objectives of the present mini-review were to describe classical and new roles of various ApoE isoforms in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology beyond the deposition of amyloid-beta and to establish a functional link between APOE,brain function,and memory,from a molecular to a clinical *** genotype also exerted a heterogeneous effect on clinical Alzheimer's disease phenotype and its *** only in learning and memory but also in neuro psychiatric symptoms that occur in a premorbid *** rifying the relationships between Alzheimer's disease-related pathology with neuropsychiatric symptoms,particularly suicidal ideation in Alzheimer's disease patients,may be useful for elucid
Background: Patient and public involvement (PPI) ensures that research is designed and conducted in a manner that is most beneficial to the individuals whom it will impact. It has an undisputed place in applied resear...
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Background: Patient and public involvement (PPI) ensures that research is designed and conducted in a manner that is most beneficial to the individuals whom it will impact. It has an undisputed place in applied research and is required by many funding bodies. However, PPI in statistical methodologyresearch is more challenging and work is needed to identify where and how patients and the public can meaningfully input in this area. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research study was conducted using an online questionnaire, which asked statistical methodologists about themselves and their experience conducting PPI, either to inform a grant application or during a funded statistical methodology project. The survey included both closed-text responses, which were reported using summary statistics, and open-ended questions for which common themes were identified. Results: 119 complete responses were recorded. Individuals who completed the survey displayed an even range of ages, career lengths and positions, with the majority working in academia. 40.3% of participants reported undertaking PPI to inform a grant application and the majority reported that the inclusion of PPI was received positively by the funder. Only 21.0% of participants reported undertaking PPI during a methodological project. 31.0% of individuals thought that PPI was “very” or “extremely” relevant to statistical methodologyresearch, with 45.5% responding “somewhat” and 24.4% answering “not at all” or “not very”. Arguments for including PPI were that it can provide the motivation for research and shape the research question. Negative opinions included that it is too technical for the public to understand, so they cannot have a meaningful impact. Conclusions: This survey found that the views of statistical methodologists on the inclusion of PPI in their research are varied, with some individuals having particularly strong opinions, both positive and negative. Whilst this is clearly a divisive topic,
Interview quality is a concept that is rarely used in survey research, unlike data quality and survey quality, which are well-established concepts in survey methodology. Therefore, based on the main actors of survey i...
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This research investigates a novel air quality monitoring system to fulfil a precise and reliable environment assessment. Advanced sensor technologies are utilized to detect various kind of pollutants such as particle...
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The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport-52) is a tool developed to measure the frequency of stress associated through recovery activities with strong theoretical foundations. The study aims to exam...
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The advent of generative AI such as ChatGPT has propelled the field of evaluation into conversations about the use of AI in the field and the ethics of knowledge generation. While there are many benefits of AI, as wit...
Survey quality would be enhanced if respondents willingly and accurately provided their responses. This seems feasible in ideal interview settings where respondents fully understand questions and provide truthful resp...
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Introduction: The optimal introducer for tracheal intubation with a hyperangulated blade videolaryngoscope for patients in the ICU remains uncertain. Both stylets and flexible-tip bougies have been used, yet there is ...
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Digital transformation is a pivotal strategic pillar for companies. Despite its relevance, incumbent companies still face challenges in implementation due to the complex character of transformation processes. We provi...
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Influenced by its training corpus,the performance of different machine translation systems varies *** at achieving higher quality translations,system combination methods combine the translation results of multiple sys...
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Influenced by its training corpus,the performance of different machine translation systems varies *** at achieving higher quality translations,system combination methods combine the translation results of multiple systems through statistical combination or neural network *** paper proposes a new multi-system translation combination method based on the Transformer architecture,which uses a multi-encoder to encode source sentences and the translation results of each system in order to realize encoder combination and decoder *** experimental verification on the Chinese-English translation task shows that this method has 1.2-2.35 more bilingual evaluation understudy(BLEU)points compared with the best single system results,0.71-3.12 more BLEU points compared with the statistical combination method,and 0.14-0.62 more BLEU points compared with the state-of-the-art neural network combination *** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system combination method based on Transformer.
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