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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Liu, Anbang Luh, Peter B. Yan, Bing Bragin, Mikhail A. Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing10084 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269-4157 United States Department of Electrical and Microelectronic Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY14623 United States

Job-shop scheduling is an important but difficult problem arising in low-volume high-variety manufacturing. It is usually solved at the beginning of each shift with strict computational time requirements. For fast resolution of the problem, a promising direction is to formulate it in an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) form so as to take advantages of widely available ILP methods such as Branch-and-Cut (B&C). Nevertheless, computational requirements on ILP methods for existing ILP formulations are high. In this paper, a novel ILP formulation is presented. In the formulation, a set of binary indicator variables indicating whether an operation begins at a time slot on a machine group or not is selected as decision variables, and all constraints are innovatively formulated based on this set of variables. For fast resolution of large problems, our recent decomposition-and-coordination method "Surrogate Absolute-Value Lagrangian Relaxation" (SAVLR) is enhanced by using a 3-segment piecewise linear penalty function, which more accurately approximates a quadratic penalty function as compared to an absolute-value function. Testing results demonstrate that our new formulation drastically reduces the computational requirements of B&C as compared to our previous formulation. For large problems where B&C has difficulties, near-optimal solutions are efficiently obtained by using the enhanced SAVLR under the new formulation. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Job shop scheduling

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A novel integer linear programming formulation for job-shop scheduling problems

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Liu, Anbang Luh, Peter B. Yan, Bing Bragin, Mikhail A. Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing10084 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269-4157 United States The Department of Electrical and Microelectronic Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY14623 United States

Job-shop scheduling is an important but difficult problem arising in low-volume high-variety manufacturing. It is usually solved at the beginning of each shift with strict computational time requirements. To obtain near-optimal solutions with quantifiable quality within strict time limits, a direction is to formulate them in an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) form so as to take advantages of widely available ILP methods such as Branch-and-Cut (B&C). Nevertheless, computational requirements for ILP methods on existing ILP formulations are high. In this paper, a novel ILP formulation for minimizing total weighted tardiness is presented. The new formulation has much fewer decision variables and constraints, and is proven to be tighter as compared to our previous formulation. For fast resolution of large problems, our recent decomposition-and-coordination method "Surrogate Absolute-Value Lagrangian Relaxation" (SAVLR) is enhanced by using a 3-segment piecewise linear penalty function, which more accurately approximates a quadratic penalty function as compared to an absolute-value function. Testing results demonstrate that our new formulation drastically reduces the computational requirements of B&C as compared to our previous formulation. For large problems where B&C has difficulties, near-optimal solutions are efficiently obtained by using the enhanced SAVLR under the new formulation. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Job shop scheduling

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Vertical‐organic‐nanocrystal‐arrays for crossbar memristors with tuning switching dynamics toward neuromorphic computing

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SmartMat 2021年第1期2卷 99-108页

作者： Fangxu Yang Lingjie Sun Qingxi Duan Huanli Dong Zhaokun Jing Yuchao Yang Rongjin Li Xiaotao Zhang Wenping Hu Leon Chua Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhouChina Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits(MOE) Institute of MicroelectronicsPeking UniversityBeijingChina Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA

Memristors proposed by Leon Chua provide a new type of memory device for novel neuromorphic computing ***,the approaching of distinct multi‐intermediate states for tunable switching dynamics,the con-trolling of conducting filaments(CFs)toward high device repeatability and reproducibility,and the ability for large‐scale preparation devices,remain full of ***,we show that vertical‐organic‐nanocrystal‐arrays(VONAs)could make a way toward the *** perfect one‐dimensional structure of the VONAs could confine the CFs accurately with fine‐tune resistance states in a broad range of 103 *** availability of large‐area VONAs makes the fabrication of large‐area crossbar memristor arrays facilely,and the analog switching characteristic of the memristors is to effectively imitate different kinds of synaptic plasticity,indicating their great potential in future applications.

关键词： conducting filament memristor organic electronics organic single crystal

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Random resistive memory-based deep extreme point learning machine for unified visual processing

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Shaocong Gao, Yizhao Li, Yi Zhang, Woyu Yu, Yifei Wang, Bo Lin, Ning Chen, Hegan Zhang, Yue Jiang, Yang Wang, Dingchen Chen, Jia Dai, Peng Jiang, Hao Lin, Peng Zhang, Xumeng Qi, Xiaojuan Xu, Xiaoxin So, Hayden Wang, Zhongrui Shang, Dashan Liu, Qi Cheng, Kwang-Ting Liu, Ming Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China ACCESS - AI Chip Center for Emerging Smart Systems InnoHK Centers Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Frontier Institute of Chip and System Fudan University Shanghai200433 China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Zhejiang310027 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

Visual sensors, including 3D LiDAR, neuromorphic DVS sensors, and conventional frame cameras, are increasingly integrated into edge-side intelligent machines. Realizing intensive multi-sensory data analysis directly on edge intelligent machines is crucial for numerous emerging edge applications, such as augmented and virtual reality and unmanned aerial vehicles, which necessitates unified data representation, unprecedented hardware energy efficiency and rapid model training. However, multi-sensory data are intrinsically heterogeneous, causing significant complexity in the system development for edge-side intelligent machines. In addition, the performance of conventional digital hardware is limited by the physically separated processing and memory units, known as the von Neumann bottleneck, and the physical limit of transistor scaling, which contributes to the slowdown of Moore's law. These limitations are further intensified by the tedious training of models with ever-increasing sizes. In this study, we propose a novel hardware-software co-design, random resistive memory-based deep extreme point learning machine (DEPLM), that offers efficient unified point set analysis. Data-wise, the multi-sensory data are unified as point sets and can be processed universally. Software-wise, most weights of deep extreme point learning machines are exempted from training, which significantly reduce training complexity. Hardware-wise, nanoscale resistive memory not only enables collocation of memory and processing, mitigating the von Neumann bottleneck and the slowdown of Moore's law, but also leverages the inherent programming stochasticity for generating the random and sparse weights of the DEPLM, which also lessens the impact of read noise. We demonstrate the system's versatility across various data modalities and two different learning tasks. Compared to a conventional digital hardware-based system, our co-design system achieves 5.90×, 21.04×, and 15.79× energy efficiency improv

关键词： Cost reduction

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Hybrid memristor-CMOS neurons for in-situ learning in fully hardware memristive spiking neural networks

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Science Bulletin 2021年第16期66卷 1624-1633,M0003页

作者： Xumeng Zhang Jian Lu Zhongrui Wang Rui Wang Jinsong Wei Tuo Shi Chunmeng Dou Zuheng Wu Jiaxue Zhu Dashan Shang Guozhong Xing Mansun Chan Qi Liu Ming Liu Frontier Institute of Chip and System Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices&Integrated Technology Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering the University of Hong KongHong KongChina Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311122China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Spiking neural network,inspired by the human brain,consisting of spiking neurons and plastic synapses,is a promising solution for highly efficient data processing in neuromorphic ***,memristor-based neurons and synapses are becoming intriguing candidates to build spiking neural networks in hardware,owing to the close resemblance between their device dynamics and the biological ***,the functionalities of memristor-based neurons are currently very limited,and a hardware demonstration of fully memristor-based spiking neural networks supporting in-situ learning is very ***,a hybrid spiking neuron combining a memristor with simple digital circuits is designed and implemented in hardware to enhance neuron *** hybrid neuron with memristive dynamics not only realizes the basic leaky integrate-and-fire neuron function but also enables the in-situ tuning of the connected synaptic ***,a fully hardware spiking neural network with the hybrid neurons and memristive synapses is experimentally demonstrated for the first time,and in-situ Hebbian learning is achieved with this *** work opens up a way towards the implementation of spiking neurons,supporting in-situ learning for future neuromorphic computing systems.

关键词： Memristor Hybrid neuron In-situ learning Fully hardware Spiking neural network

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A novel optimization approach for sub-hourly unit commitment with large numbers of units and virtual transactions

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Jianghua Luh, Peter B. Chen, Yonghong Bragin, Mikhail A. Yan, Bing The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269 United States MISO CarmelIN46032 United States The Department of Electrical and Microelectronic Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY14623 United States University of Connecticut United States

Unit Commitment (UC) is an important problem in power system operations. It is traditionally scoped for 24 hours with one-hour time intervals. To improve system flexibility by accommodating the increasing net-load variability, sub-hourly UC has been suggested. Such a problem is larger and more complicated than hourly UC because of the increased number of periods and reduced unit ramping capabilities per period. The computational burden is further exacerbated for systems with large numbers of virtual transactions leading to dense transmission constraints matrices. Consequently, the state-of-the-art and practice method, branch-and-cut (B&C), suffers from poor performance. In this paper, our recent Surrogate Absolute-Value Lagrangian Relaxation (SAVLR) is enhanced by embedding ordinal-optimization concepts for a drastic reduction in subproblem solving time. Rather than formally solving subproblems by using B&C, subproblem solutions satisfying SAVLR’s convergence condition are obtained by modifying solutions from previous iterations or solving crude subproblems. All virtual transactions are included in each subproblem to reduce major changes in solutions across iterations. A parallel version is also developed to further reduce the computation time. Testing on MISO’s large cases demonstrates that our ordinal-optimization embedded approach obtains near-optimal solutions efficiently, is robust, and provides a new way of solving other MILP problems. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Integer programming

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A 64.5-88 GHz coupling-concerned CMOS LNA with >10 dB Gain and 5 dB Minimum NF

A 64.5-88 GHz coupling-concerned CMOS LNA with >10 dB Gain a...

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2020 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2020

作者： Zhang, Kaijuan Shi, Chunqi Chen, Guangsheng Chen, Jinghong Zhang, Runxi Institute of Microelectronic Circuits and Systems East China Normal University Shanghai China Shanghai Eastsoft Microelectronics Co. Ltd. Shanghai China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Houston United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781728168159

This paper presents a differential 64.5-88 GHz wideband low-noise amplifier (LNA) in a 55-nm CMOS technology. The LNA is consisted of two common-source (CS) stages and one cascode stage. To achieve a wide bandwidth (BW), an interstage coupling network scheme utilizing step-up transformers and co-optimizing the interstage transimpedance responses is developed. A new transformer-based dual-coupling (TBDC) gm-boosted topology is proposed to simultaneously achieve high gain and low noise. In addition, capacitive neutralization and common-gate-shorting (CGS) techniques are utilized to improve gain and stability. The LNA achieves a peak gain of 15 dB, a wideband gain of >10 dB over 64.5-88 GHz, a S11 of © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Low noise amplifiers

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Effects of laser conditioning with different pulse widths on picosecond laser-induced damage resistance in HfO2/SiO2 high-reflectivity coatings

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Optical Materials Express 2025年第7期15卷 1467-1482页

作者： Yan Zhou Kun Shuai Chunxian Tao Dawei Li Guang Xu Weili Zhang Yuru Liu Yafei Lian Xiaofeng Liu Yuanan Zhao Yaping dai Jia Shao School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China Laboratory of Thin Film Optics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China tao@*** National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Department of Advanced Optical and Microelectronic Equipment Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China liuxiaofeng@*** yazhao@*** Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma China Academy of Engineering Physics Shanghai 201800 China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou 310024 China

Current optimizations in the fabrication processes of multilayer dielectric (MLD) high-reflectivity (HR) coatings struggle to meet the demand for picosecond (ps) laser damage resistance in high-energy petawatt laser systems. This study investigates laser conditioning (LC) effects of 250 ps, 500 ps, 800 ps, and 10 nanosecond (ns) laser pulses on the ps laser-induced damage resistance of electron beam (e-beam) HfO 2 /SiO 2 HR coatings. Results demonstrate a 12% enhancement in the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) under ∼10 ps laser irradiation for 500 ps conditioned samples compared to unconditioned ones, while negligible LIDT variations are observed for other pulse widths. The defect density and damage types in unconditioned and conditioned samples exhibit no statistical alteration. This indicates that LC does not eliminate nanoscale defects but only increases their LIDTs for 500 ps conditioned samples. To reveal the improvement mechanism of 500 ps LC on the ps laser-induced damage resistance, a simulated model of the interaction between sub-ns laser pulses and localized defect states is proposed, combining ionization rate equations with the two-temperature model (TTM). For 500 ps LC, although the initial electron number density of the defect energy level is increased, the defect energy level gap is also widened due to the appropriate lattice temperature. The effect of this widening gap surpasses that of the aforementioned increased initial electron density, making electron ionization more difficult under ∼10 ps laser irradiation. This work provides new strategies and approaches for enhancing the ps laser-induced damage resistance of MLD HR coatings.

关键词： Laser damage Laser sources Laser systems Picosecond pulses Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Scanning electron microscopy

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Tightened Formulation and Resolution of Energy-Efficient Job-Shop Scheduling

Tightened Formulation and Resolution of Energy-Efficient Job...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Bing Yan Mikhail A. Bragin Peter B. Luh Department of Electrical and Microelectronic Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728169040

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169057

Job shops are an important production environment for low-volume high-variety manufacturing. When there are urgent orders, the speeds of certain machines can be adjusted with a high energy and wear and tear cost. Scheduling in such an environment is to achieve on-time deliveries and low energy costs. The problem is, however, complicated because part processing time depends on machine speeds, and machines need to be modeled individually to capture energy costs. This paper is to obtain near-optimal solutions efficiently. The problem is formulated as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) form to make effective use of available MILP methods. This is done by modeling machines in groups for simplicity while approximating energy costs, and by linking part processing status and machine speed variables. Nevertheless, the resulting problem is still complicated. The formulation is therefore transformed by extending our previous tightening approach for machines with constant speeds. The idea is that if constraints can be transformed to directly delineate the convex hull, then the problem can be solved by linear programming methods. To solve the problem efficiently, our advanced decomposition and coordination method is used. Numerical results show that nearoptimal solutions are obtained, demonstrating significant benefits of our approach on on-time deliveries and energy costs.

关键词： Job shop scheduling Processor scheduling Linear programming Convergence Computational efficiency Energy efficiency Complexity theory

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Photoresponsivity of flexible single-crystal semiconductor photodetectors on plastic substrates

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Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2021年第43期54卷

作者： Huang, Xiaodi Lan, Kuibo Wei, Junqing Wang, Zhi Ma, Zhenqiang Qin, Guoxuan School of Microelectronics Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States

High-performance flexible photodetectors have drawn increasing attentions, and the dark current and photoresponsivity are the major performance parameters. Investigations on the influence factors and operation mechanisms of the dark current and photoresponsivity for the flexible photodetectors are highly desirable. In this paper, flexible single-crystal Si and Ge photodetectors on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates were fabricated and characterized. The transferred single-crystal Si and Ge nanomembranes on PET substrates showed good crystal quality by x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Based on the experimental and modeling results, the performance dependences on semiconductor materials, doping concentrations, dimensions of the intrinsic region, incident light wavelength and power were presented. The influential factors and the operation mechanisms for the performance dependence were discussed by analyzing the electric field distribution, energy band distribution, recombination rate, absorption coefficient, penetration depth and photogeneration rate based on the device model. The results provided useful guidelines to design high performance flexible single-crystal semiconductor photodetectors. © 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd Printed in the UK.

关键词： Photodetectors

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