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Considering the alternatives in low-power design

IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine 2001年第4期17卷 23-29页

作者： Stouraitis, T. Paliouras, V. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Greece IEEE Circuits and Systems Society Technical Committee on VLSI Systems and Applications Digital Signal Processing and the Multimedia Systems Committees United States VLSI Design Laboratory ECE Dept. University of Patras Greece Computer Engineering and Informatics Department University of Patras Greece ACM SIAM Technical Chamber of Greece Greece

Recent advances in computer arithmetic offer interesting alternative solutions for low-power design. Depending on an assortment of factors that need to be considered, it is worth evaluating the logarithmic number system (LNS) or the residue number system (RNS) for hardware implementations of computationally intensive tasks. As such, the choice of arithmetic can lead to substantial power savings.

关键词： Integrated circuit layout

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design methodology for wireless nodes with printed antennas

Design methodology for wireless nodes with printed antennas

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42nd design Automation Conference, DAC 2005

作者： Chenard, Jean-Samuel Žilić, Željko Chu, Chun Yiu Popović, Milica Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Montréal Qué. Canada Microelectronics and Computer Systems Laboratory Canada Computational Electromagnetics Software Laboratory Canada

The need for mass-produced inexpensive wireless devices operating under strict energy constraints poses new challenges in the system design methodology. This paper presents a methodology for designing wireless nodes in which a low cost, reliable antenna is realized by printed circuit traces. We show how to combine the analysis from 2.5D and 3D EM simulators with the PCB design tools to create predictable nodes with printed antennas that meet stringent power and data transmission range goals. The presented approach is applied to the design of a IEEE802.15.4 wireless node deployed in several indoor environments. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Wireless telecommunication systems

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VLSI implementation of a feature mapping neural network

VLSI implementation of a feature mapping neural network

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and systems (MWSCAS)

作者： E.T. Carlen H.S. Abdel-Aty-Zohdy Microelectronics Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Oakland University Rochester MI USA

Modification of Kohonen's self-organizing feature map algorithm and its dedicated parallel hardware implementation are the focus of this paper. This work is motivated by the need to implement a 5/spl times/5 neural network using digital standard cells and high level VLSI system design tools. The neural net considered is a two layered, feed forward architecture that learns relationships among unknown input data patterns. The prototype system consists of 25 processing units (neurons). Each processing unit operates at 10 MHz. Communication among processing units is accomplished using a broadcast bus. Performance of the system is estimated to be 110,000 iterations per second.< >

关键词： Very large scale integration Neural networks Unsupervised learning Image coding Computer architecture microelectronics Laboratories design engineering systems engineering and theory Focusing

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Impact of the local p-well substrate parameters on the electrical performance of the Double-Emitter Reduced-Surface-Field Horizontal Current Bipolar Transistor 40

Impact of the local p-well substrate parameters on the elect...

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40th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and microelectronics, MIPRO 2017

作者： Koričić, Marko Žilak, Josip Suligoj, Tomislav University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Electronics Microelectronics Computing and Intelligent Systems Micro and Nano Electronics Laboratory Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532330922

Double-Emitter Reduced-Surface-Field Horizontal Current Bipolar Transistor is analyzed by the device simulations. Geometrical parameters of the local p-well substrate, which is used to introduce the second drift region are investigated. It is shown that the length of the p-well lpw=0.5 μm is sufficient to obtain efficient electric field shielding and BVCEO independent of the transistor current gain. The analysis of the distance between the extrinsic base and the p-well region (dpw) shows that the optimum dpw exists. The optimum structure with lpw=0.5 μm and dpw=0.6 μm has BVCEO=30 V and fT=7 GHz. With assumed p-well mask misalignment tolerances, a good trade-off between BVCEO and fT is achieved with transistors having the fT·BVCEO at the Johnson's limit. © 2017 Croatian Society MIPRO.

关键词： Transistors

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Analysis of hot carrier-induced degradation of Horizontal Current Bipolar Transistor (HCBT) 40

Analysis of hot carrier-induced degradation of Horizontal Cu...

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40th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and microelectronics, MIPRO 2017

作者： Žilak, J. Koričić, M. Suligoj, T. University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Electronics Microelectronics Computing and Intelligent Systems Micro and Nano Electronics Laboratory Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532330922

The relative contribution of the hot electrons and hot holes to the reliability degradation of the Horizontal Current Bipolar Transistor (HCBT) is investigated by TCAD simulations. The base current (IB) degradation, obtained by the reverse-bias emitter-base (EB) and mixed-mode stress measurements, is caused by a hot carrier-induced interface trap generation at silicon-oxide interfaces above and below HCBT's emitter n+ polysilicon region. The simulation analysis is performed on the HCBT structures with different n-collector doping profiles and n-hill silicon sidewall surface treatment. The used lucky electron injection model distinguishes the hot carrier type responsible for the damage and makes it possible to predict the HCBT reliability behavior. It is shown that the majority of traps under the reverse-bias EB stress is located at the top interface and is caused by the hot holes, whereas the hot electrons produce the traps under the mixed-mode stress, located mostly at the bottom interface. © 2017 Croatian Society MIPRO.

关键词： microelectronics

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design and implementation of a fast and compact residue-based semi-custom VLSI arithmetic chip

Design and implementation of a fast and compact residue-base...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and systems (MWSCAS)

作者： A.A. Hiasat H.S. Abdel-Aty-Zohdy Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Microelectronics Systems Design Laboratory Oakland University Rochester MI USA

design and implementation of a residue-based adder/subtractor/multiplier arithmetic TinyChip for the moduli set (2/sup n/-1,2/sup n/,2/sup n/+1) is addressed in this paper. The unit realization adopts CMOS semi-custom VLSI design, using Octtools-5.0 with the standard cell MSU2-3 library. The implemented chip has the advantage of reduced delay time and hardware requirements. Thus, it can support real-time one and two dimensional signal processing applications. The design does not have dynamic range limitations due to the absence of memory, therefore, this implementation can be expanded for better reliability. Performance of the system is estimated to be 18 million residue arithmetic operations per second on 2 /spl mu/m process.

关键词： Very large scale integration Arithmetic Signal processing algorithms Dynamic range Libraries Hardware Signal processing Logic Algorithm design and analysis microelectronics

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Comparison of Discrete Bipolar Transistors and MOSFETs for High-Speed Switching Application 44

Comparison of Discrete Bipolar Transistors and MOSFETs for H...

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44th International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology, MIPRO 2021

作者： Bogdanovic, F. Osrecki, Z. Zilak, J. Koricic, M. Suligoj, T. University of Zagreb Micro and Nano Electronics Laboratory Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Electronics Microelectronics Computing and Intelligent Systems Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532331011

Switching performance analysis in this paper presents how Horizontal Current Bipolar Transistor (HCBT) performs under switching mode of operation compared to other commercially available bipolar and MOS transistors, focusing mainly on power efficiency. Rudimentary measurement setup is devised, with target frequency spectrum for this analysis up to 100 MHz. Measurements were performed at frequencies of 1 MHz, 10 MHz and 100 MHz. Signal waveforms were measured at the input and output of analysed device. Dissipated power at each component of test circuit was calculated from the measurements to determine efficiency. The results show similar performance among RF bipolar junction transistors analysed in this paper. All bipolar transistors exhibit efficiency around 80% at 100 MHz, whereas the best performing MOSFET has n = 54.31%. The analysed MOSFETs show somewhat better performance comparing to bipolar transistors at lower frequencies, but with larger performance degradation with the frequency increase. This analysis shows potential of HCBT to be used in switching part of Envelope Tracking (ET), hybrid power supply modulation, pulse width modulation (PWM) or multilevel power supply switching to obtain higher efficiencies. Most of the efficiency reduction is caused by nonideal input signal. © 2021 Croatian Society MIPRO.

关键词： Efficiency

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Drogue detection for autonomous aerial refueling via hybrid pigeon-inspired optimized color opponent and saliency aggregation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 27-38页

作者： Tongyan WU Haibin DUAN Yanming FAN State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Automation Science and Electrical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Virtual Reality Fundamental Research Laboratory Department of Mathematics and TheoriesPeng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518000China AVIC Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shenyang 110035China

Drogue detection is one of the challenging tasks in autonomous aerial refueling due to the requirement for accuracy and *** detection based on image intrinsic cues can achieve fast detection,but with poor *** studies reveal that optimization-based methods provide accurate and quick solutions for saliency *** paper presents a hybrid pigeon-inspired optimization method,the optimized color opponent,that aims to adjust the weight of color opponent channels to detect the drogue *** can optimize the weights in the selected aerial refueling scene offline,and the results are applied for drogue detection in the scene.A novel algorithm aggregated by the optimized color opponent and robust background detection is presented to provide better precision and *** results on benchmark datasets and aerial refueling images show that the proposed method successfully extracts the saliency region or drogue and exhibits superior performance against the other saliency detection methods with intrinsic *** algorithm designed in this paper is competent for the drogue detection task of autonomous aerial refueling.

关键词： Autonomous aerial refueling Drones Hybrid pigeon-inspired optimization Color opponent Saliency detection Saliency aggregation

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DEGREES OF CYCLOSTATIONARITY AND THEIR APPLICATION TO SIGNAL-DETECTION AND ESTIMATION

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 1991年第3期22卷 287-297页

作者： ZIVANOVIC, GD GARDNER, WA Computer Systems Design Laboratory “Boris Kidrič” Institute Vinča P.O. Box 522 11001 Belgrade Yugoslavia Signal Processing Group Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

The problem of defining an appropriate measure of the degree of nonstationarity for stochastic processes that exhibit cyclostationarity is addressed. After discussing several candidate measures of degree of nonstationarity, one particularly promising measure is adopted. By decomposing this measure, several component measures are arrived at. Bounds on these measures are derived and their utility in applications involving signal detection and estimation is established. Examples are presented to illustrate the calculation of degrees of nonstationarity for several types of cyclostationary signals.

关键词： CYCLOSTATIONARY PROCESS DEGREE OF CYCLOSTATIONARITY INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRUM SPECTRAL CORRELATION

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Near-channel classifier: symbiotic communication and classification in high-dimensional space

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Brain Informatics 2021年第1期8卷 16页

作者： Hersche, Michael Lippuner, Stefan Korb, Matthias Benini, Luca Rahimi, Abbas Integrated Systems Laboratory ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland IBM Research-Zurich Zurich Switzerland Institute of Microelectronics and Integrated Circuits Bundeswehr University Munich Germany Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering University of Bologna Bologna Italy

Brain-inspired high-dimensional (HD) computing represents and manipulates data using very long, random vectors with dimensionality in the thousands. This representation provides great robustness for various classification tasks where classifiers operate at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Similarly, hyperdimensional modulation (HDM) leverages the robustness of complex-valued HD representations to reliably transmit information over a wireless channel, achieving a similar SNR gain compared to state-of-the-art codes. Here, we first propose methods to improve HDM in two ways: (1) reducing the complexity of encoding and decoding operations by generating, manipulating, and transmitting bipolar or integer vectors instead of complex vectors;(2) increasing the SNR gain by 0.2 dB using a new soft-feedback decoder;it can also increase the additive superposition capacity of HD vectors up to 1.7× in noise-free cases. Secondly, we propose to combine encoding/decoding aspects of communication with classification into a single framework by relying on multifaceted HD representations. This leads to a near-channel classification (NCC) approach that avoids transformations between different representations and the overhead of multiple layers of encoding/decoding, hence reducing latency and complexity of a wireless smart distributed system while providing robustness against noise and interference from other nodes. We provide a use-case for wearable hand gesture recognition with 5 classes from 64 EMG sensors, where the encoded vectors are transmitted to a remote node for either performing NCC, or reconstruction of the encoded data. In NCC mode, the original classification accuracy of 94% is maintained, even in the channel at SNR of 0 dB, by transmitting 10,000-bit vectors. We remove the redundancy by reducing the vector dimensionality to 2048-bit that still exhibits a graceful degradation: less than 6% accuracy loss is occurred in the channel at − 5 dB, and with the interferenc

关键词： Vectors

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