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DEGREES OF CYCLOSTATIONARITY AND THEIR APPLICATION TO SIGNAL-DETECTION AND ESTIMATION

SIGNAL PROCESSING 1991年第3期22卷 287-297页

作者： ZIVANOVIC, GD GARDNER, WA Computer Systems Design Laboratory “Boris Kidrič” Institute Vinča P.O. Box 522 11001 Belgrade Yugoslavia Signal Processing Group Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

The problem of defining an appropriate measure of the degree of nonstationarity for stochastic processes that exhibit cyclostationarity is addressed. After discussing several candidate measures of degree of nonstationarity, one particularly promising measure is adopted. By decomposing this measure, several component measures are arrived at. Bounds on these measures are derived and their utility in applications involving signal detection and estimation is established. Examples are presented to illustrate the calculation of degrees of nonstationarity for several types of cyclostationary signals.

关键词： CYCLOSTATIONARY PROCESS DEGREE OF CYCLOSTATIONARITY INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRUM SPECTRAL CORRELATION

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Near-channel classifier: symbiotic communication and classification in high-dimensional space

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Brain Informatics 2021年第1期8卷 16页

作者： Hersche, Michael Lippuner, Stefan Korb, Matthias Benini, Luca Rahimi, Abbas Integrated Systems Laboratory ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland IBM Research-Zurich Zurich Switzerland Institute of Microelectronics and Integrated Circuits Bundeswehr University Munich Germany Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering University of Bologna Bologna Italy

Brain-inspired high-dimensional (HD) computing represents and manipulates data using very long, random vectors with dimensionality in the thousands. This representation provides great robustness for various classification tasks where classifiers operate at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Similarly, hyperdimensional modulation (HDM) leverages the robustness of complex-valued HD representations to reliably transmit information over a wireless channel, achieving a similar SNR gain compared to state-of-the-art codes. Here, we first propose methods to improve HDM in two ways: (1) reducing the complexity of encoding and decoding operations by generating, manipulating, and transmitting bipolar or integer vectors instead of complex vectors;(2) increasing the SNR gain by 0.2 dB using a new soft-feedback decoder;it can also increase the additive superposition capacity of HD vectors up to 1.7× in noise-free cases. Secondly, we propose to combine encoding/decoding aspects of communication with classification into a single framework by relying on multifaceted HD representations. This leads to a near-channel classification (NCC) approach that avoids transformations between different representations and the overhead of multiple layers of encoding/decoding, hence reducing latency and complexity of a wireless smart distributed system while providing robustness against noise and interference from other nodes. We provide a use-case for wearable hand gesture recognition with 5 classes from 64 EMG sensors, where the encoded vectors are transmitted to a remote node for either performing NCC, or reconstruction of the encoded data. In NCC mode, the original classification accuracy of 94% is maintained, even in the channel at SNR of 0 dB, by transmitting 10,000-bit vectors. We remove the redundancy by reducing the vector dimensionality to 2048-bit that still exhibits a graceful degradation: less than 6% accuracy loss is occurred in the channel at − 5 dB, and with the interferenc

关键词： Vectors

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Built-in self-diagnostic by space-time compression of test responses

Built-in self-diagnostic by space-time compression of test r...

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1992 IEEE VLSI Test Symposium, VLSI 1992

作者： Karpovsky, M.G. Chaudhry, S.M. Research Laboratory of Design and Testing of Computer Hardware Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780306236

Presents two different methodologies for built-in self-diagnostic of boards and systems by space-time compression of test responses. The first method, soft decision, uses nonbinary multiple error-correcting codes to obtain space-time signatures. These obtained signatures and the corresponding precomputed references are compared and magnitudes of distortions in signatures are analyzed to identify faulty components. The second method, hard decision, makes use of the information indicating whether the corresponding signatures are distorted or not. Both approaches show considerable savings in hardware overheads when compared with a straightforward approach where a separate signature is required for every component. A transition from the soft to hard decision approach results in an increase in the number of signatures required for diagnostic but at the same time it results in a decrease in the complexity of a fault locating algorithm. Results pertaining to VLSI implementations are presented where the hardware overhead is estimated in terms of two-input equivalent gates. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Data compression

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Variable stiffness wires based on magnetorheological liquid metals

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2022年第2期13卷 232-243页

作者： Xiangbo Zhou Jian Shu Hu Jin Hongtai Ren Gang Ma Ning Gong Duan Ge Juan Shi Shi-Yang Tang Guolin Yun Hongda Lu Shuai Dong Xiangpeng Li Shiwu Zhang Weihua Li CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Precision Machinery and Precision InstrumentationUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina School of Mechanical MaterialsMechatronic and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of WollongongNSWAustralia Department of Electronic Electrical and Systems EngineeringSchool of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina

Magnetorheological fluid(MRF)has shown its great potential in the development of large mechanical devices,such as dampers,shock absorbers,rotary brakes,clutches,and prosthetic ***,more research focus has been invested on using MRF to develop soft,stretchable,and miniaturized devices with variable stiffness for realizing functionalities that cannot be achieved using solid smart ***,based on liquid metal magnetoactive slurries(LMMS),a variable stiffness wire with excellent electrical conductivity is *** exposure to a magnetic field,the LMMS wire has an extremely low stiffness,and can be easily stretched while maintaining an excellent electrical *** applying a magnetic field,the wire becomes much stiffer and can retain its shape even under a *** combination of properties of flexibility,high electrical conductivity,and variable stiffness of the wire is harnessed to make a flexible gripper that can grasp objects of various ***,by using gallium instead of its liquid metal alloys,the tunable stiffness range of the LMMS wire is signifi-cantly enhanced and can be controlled using both external magnetic fields and temperature-induced phase *** presented LMMS wire has the potential to be applied in flexible electronics,soft robotics and so on.

关键词： Liquid metal magnetorheological fluid(MRF) various stiffness stretchable electronics soft robotics

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Energy diffusion model of bR for voxel identification

Energy diffusion model of bR for voxel identification

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and systems (MWSCAS)

作者： D. Garcia Neto H.S. Abdel-Aty-Zohdy Microelectronics System Design Laboratory-Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Oakland University Rochester USA

In this paper, a potential biological structure for computer volumetric memory is investigated. Bacteriorhodopsin is a protein found in the purple membrane of the bacteria Halobacterium salinarum. This protein has light absorption properties that generate different stable states allowing the use of multilevel logic as well as binary logic. CHARMmtrade has been used to simulate the energy response of Bacteriorhodopsin at room temperature 300K for the bR ground state and the other states. The K state takes place after blue light (lambda= 635nm) absorption on the bR state. The energy difference is found to be an increase of 1086.92 kcal/mol which is responsible for triggering the photocycle that also includes the states K, L, M, N, and O. An energy surplus is found between O and bR state that may be spread to surrounding molecules. However, conformational interference does not produce photons necessary for the isomerization reaction. Further quantum molecular (QM) analysis should provide an extended model for this macromolecular energy study

关键词： Biological system modeling Proteins Absorption Logic Biology computing Biomembranes Microorganisms Computational modeling Land surface temperature Stationary state

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On packet aggregation mechanisms for improving VoIP quality in mesh networks

On packet aggregation mechanisms for improving VoIP quality ...

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2006 IEEE 63rd Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2006-Spring

作者： Kyungtae, Kim Ganguly, Samrat Izmailov, Rauf Sangjin, Hong IP Network and Distributed Systems NEC Laboratories America Princeton NJ 08540 Mobile Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of NY Stony Brook NY 11794

ISBN: (纸本)0780393929

Performance in multihop wireless networks is known to degrade with the number of hops for both TCP and UDP traffic. For VoIP, the wireless network presents additional challenges as the perceived quality is dependent on loss, delay and jitter. Furthermore, small size of VoIP packets aggravates network utilization of the 802.11 based wireless mesh network. In this work, we evaluate the packet aggregation algorithms to reduce VoIP protocol overhead, compare the aggregation algorithms and propose a distributed packet aggregation mechanism. The experimental results demonstrates that the proposed distributed packet aggregation algorithm improves the VoIP quality and results in significant increase in the number high quality VoIP calls supported over multihop mesh. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless networks

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Architecting Networked Engineered systems 1

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1000年

作者： Jelena Milisavljevic-Syed Janet K. Allen Sesh Commuri Farrokh Mistree

ISBN: (数字)9783030386108

ISBN: (纸本)9783030386092

In recent years, the digital transformation driving Industry 4.0 has had an enormous impact on globally distributed manufacturing. Digitalisation, the integration of digital technology into networked engineered systems, is increasingly being adopted to respond to changes in the market. This is achieved by means of (a) the concurrent design of adaptable systems, (b) addressing flexibility in design parameters, (c) conducting an operability analysis, and (d) employing a reconfiguration strategy to address faults and variances in product quality and re-establish connectivity among the elements in the system.;The design of manufacturing systems in the age of Industry 4.0 is addressed in this monograph. The authors introduce the concept of a ‘smart platform’ and a computational framework for the digitalization of networked manufacturing systems. They also suggest how the framework and techniques in this monograph are applicable beyond the manufacturing domain for architecting networked engineered systems in other industries such as chemical processes and health care, that are being transformed through the adoption of the Industry 4.0 construct.

关键词： Manufacturing, Machines, Tools, Processes Production engineering design Automotive engineering engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing

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Polarization-induced photocurrent switching effect in heterojunction photodiodes

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5503-5510页

作者： Dingbo Chen Yu-Chang Chen Guang Zeng Yu-Chun Li Xiao-Xi Li Dong Li Chao Shen Nan Chi Boon S.Ooi David Wei Zhang Hong-Liang Lu State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics&SystemsSchool of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves Department of Communication Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Photonics Laboratory Division of ComputerElectricaland Mathematical Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The unipolar photocurrent in conventional photodiodes(PDs)based on photovoltaic effect limits the output modes and potential versatility of these devices in *** photodiodes with photocurrent switching are emerging as a promising solution for obtaining photoelectric devices with unique and attractive functions,such as optical logic ***,we design an all-solid-state chip-scale ultraviolet(UV)PD based on a hybrid GaN heterojunction with engineered bipolar polarized electric *** introducing the polarization-induced photocurrent switching effect,the photocurrent direction can be switched in response to the wavelength of incident light at 0 V *** particular,the photocurrent direction exhibits negative when the irradiation wavelength is less than 315 nm,but positive when the wavelength is longer than 315 *** device shows a responsivity of up to−6.7 mA/W at 300 nm and 5.3 mA/W at 340 nm,*** particular,three special logic gates in response to different dual UV light inputs are demonstrated via a single bipolar PD,which may be beneficial for future multifunctional UV photonic integrated devices and systems.

关键词： GaN heterostructure ultraviolet(UV)photodiodes bipolar photocurrent optical logic device

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Bio-Inspired Adaptive Integrated Information Processing

Bio-Inspired Adaptive Integrated Information Processing

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IEEE National Conference on Aerospace and Electronics (NAECON)

作者： Hoda S. Abdel-Aty-Zohdy Microelectronics Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oakland University Rochester MI USA

Biological brains are dramatically more effective in dealing with real-world adaptive information processes and decisions than most advanced computers. Advanced computers can utilize the discipline of classical signal processing whereby providing theoretical mathematical and statistical approaches for information processing, and with the vision of bio-inspired adaptive processing are evolving into neuromorphic integrated sensory processing systems. Numerous MISO (multi-input, single output) sensory applications demand reliable and effective information processing which, at an initial stage may be addressed by solving the key problems of advanced computing platforms, which are: i-massive parallelism; ii-low power consumption of massively large systems; iii-intelligent systems that learn from observations and perform better on the next run; iv-integrated systems for embedded feasibility; and v-systems that adapt to the environment. Thus, our Adaptive Integrated Information Processing (AIIP) approaches, presented in this paper. Two AIIP systems are presented: Neural networks with synaptic plasticity, as our Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), with up to one million inputs, for chemical sensing and detection; and Adaptive Recurrent Dynamic Neural Networks (ARDNNs) for defect tracking, reliable system deployment, and prognosis for telecommunication and similar applications. Further-our presented AIIP systems may provide a viable solution to offering powerful modulation schemes and transmission rates far beyond current possible communications systems.

关键词： Information processing Power system reliability Biological neural networks Neural networks Recurrent neural networks Biology computing Computer vision Adaptive signal processing Biomedical signal processing Neuromorphics

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Analog computational circuits for neural network implementations

Analog computational circuits for neural network implementat...

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IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and systems (ICECS)

作者： M. Al-Nsour H.S. Abdel-Aty-Zohdy Microelectronics System Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Oakland University Rochester MI USA

High performance NMOS analog circuits which perform voltage addition, average weighing, and signal scaling are presented. Utilization of these circuits in artificial neural network applications is briefly discussed. The circuits are characterized by a simple structure which offers compactness, low voltage supply, and wide input range. In addition, inputs and outputs are voltages which eliminate the need for current voltage conversion. Hence, reduced power consumption and higher performance is achieved. A two-input analog adder has been accomplished through MOSIS 2.0 /spl mu/m n-well CMOS technology at Orbit Semiconductors, and occupies an area of 135/spl times/145 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. Inputs are within /spl plusmn/3 V for 3.3 V supply. Power consumption is less than 0.5 mW and THD is less than -36 dB. Measurements and performance evaluation are presented.

关键词： Analog computers Computer networks Neural networks Artificial neural networks Energy consumption CMOS technology MOS devices Analog circuits Low voltage Adders

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