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Sub-terahertz transmissive reconfigurable intelligent surface for integrated beam steering and self-OOK-modulation

Light(Science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 131-141页

作者： Dongfang Shen Feng Lan Luyang Wang Tianyang Song Munan Yang Tianyu Hu Yueting Li Xiaolei Nie Jiayao Yang Shixiong Liang Hongxin Zeng Hui-Fang Zhang Pinaki Mazumder Ziqiang Yang Yaxin Zhang Tie Jun Cui Sichuan THz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center School of Electronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou313000China Zhangjiang Laboratory Shanghai201204China School of Microelectronics Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen518100China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA Southeast University Nanjing210096China

Boasting superior flexibility in beam manipulation and a simpler framework than traditional phased arrays,terahertz metasurface-based phased arrays show great promise for 5G-A/6G communication *** with the reflective reconfigurable intelligent surface(reflective RIS),the transmissive RIS(TRIS)offers more feasibility for transceiver multiplexing systems to meet the growing demand for high-performance beam tracking in terahertz communication and radar ***,the terahertz TRIS encounters greater challenges in phase shift,beam efficiency,and complex ***,we propose a sub-terahertz TRIS based on the phase shift via Pancharatnam-Berry(PB)metasurface and self-on-off keying(OOK)modulation via Schottky *** electrically reconfigurable unit cell consists of a column-wise phase resonator and a rectangular *** experimental retrieved equivalent lumped-element circuit model is implemented in joint field-circuit simulations and is validated by experiments.A fabricated prototype demonstrates excellent performance of TRIS with the minimum insertion loss of 2.8 dB for operational states,large bandwidth nearly covering the entire W-band for 1-bit phase shift,deep OOK amplitude modulation of 12 dB,and wide scanning range of±60°with low specular *** further implement an integrated platform combining high-speed beam steering and spatial-light modulation,verifying the point-to-point signal transmissions in different directions using the TRIS *** proposed TRIS with high-performance and cost-effective fabrication makes it a promising solution to terahertz minimalist communication systems,radar,and satellite communication systems.

关键词： reconfigurable reflective resonator

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Improved High-Speed Thermal Analysis Based on Two-Step Simulation for High-Frequency Transformers 14

Improved High-Speed Thermal Analysis Based on Two-Step Simul...

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14th Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC 2025

作者： Yi, Zheyuan Sun, Kai Li, Qiang Liu, Zengyang Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Power System Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing China Delta Electronics Shanghai Co. Ltd. Shanghai China University Blacksburg Center for Power Electronics Systems The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State BlacksburgVA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516116

Thermal analysis is a crucial and time-consuming step in the optimization design process of high-frequency transformers (HFTs). This paper proposes an improved thermal analysis method based on heat dissipation-conduction two-step simulation, significantly reducing the computation time while ensuring the accuracy of thermal analysis. Simulation results validate the accuracy and of the proposed method and demonstrate that the proposed method saves 82% of computation time for a single thermal analysis case compared to direct CFD. Experimental results further verify the accuracy of the proposed method. An exemplary application of the proposed method in the optimization design of the HFT illustrates a 98% reduction in computation time for thermal analysis during the optimization process. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Thermal modeling

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II-NVM: Enhancing Map Accuracy and Consistency With Normal Vector-Assisted Mapping

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IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 5465-5472页

作者： Zhao, Chengwei Li, Yixuan Jian, Yina Xu, Jie Wang, Linji Ma, Yongxin Jin, Xinglai Xi'an Jiaotong University Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi'an710049 China Hangzhou Qisheng Intelligent Techology Company Ltd Hangzhou311217 China Columbia University in the City of New York Department of Computer Science New YorkNY10027 United States Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin150001 China Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 639798 Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore

SLAM technology plays a crucial role in indoor mapping and localization. A common challenge in indoor environments is the "double-sided mapping issue", where closely positioned walls, doors, and other surfaces are mistakenly identified as a single plane, significantly hindering map accuracy and consistency. To addressing this issue this letter introduces a SLAM approach that ensures accurate mapping using normal vector consistency. We enhance the voxel map structure to store both point cloud data and normal vector information, enabling the system to evaluate consistency during nearest neighbor searches and map updates. This process distinguishes between the front and back sides of surfaces, preventing incorrect point-to-plane constraints. Moreover, we implement an adaptive radius KD-tree search method that dynamically adjusts the search radius based on the local density of the point cloud, thereby enhancing the accuracy of normal vector calculations. To further improve real-time performance and storage efficiency, we incorporate a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache strategy, which facilitates efficient incremental updates of the voxel map. The code is released as open-source and validated in both simulated environments and real indoor scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate that this approach effectively resolves the "double-sided mapping issue" and significantly improves mapping precision. Additionally, we have developed and open-sourced the first simulation and real-world dataset specifically tailored for the "double-sided mapping issue". © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Mapping

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A new nano-scale authentication architecture for improving the security of human-computer interaction systems based on quantum computing

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Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 2025年第1期124卷 1-15页

作者： Ahmadpour, Seyed-Sajad Zohaib, Muhammad Navimipour, Nima Jafari Misra, Neeraj Kumar Rasmi, Hadi Salahov, Huseyn Avval, Danial Bakhshayeshi Navin, Ahmad Habibizad Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University Turkiye Istanbul Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan School of Electronics Engineering VIT-AP University Andhra Pradesh Amaravathi522237 India Department of Computer Engineering Dezful Branch Islamic Azad University Dezful Iran Department of Information Systems Engineering Sakarya University Türkiye Sakarya Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz*** Iran Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Laboratory School of Computing Gachon University Seongnam Korea Republic of

Human-computer Interaction (HCI) is an interdisciplinary area of study focusing on the interaction of users and computers by scheming interactive computer interfaces. In addition, HCI systems need security to confirm user authentication, which is a crucial issue in these systems. Hence, user authentication is vital, allowing only authorized users to access data. Authentication is critical to the digital world since it provides security and safety for digital data. Moreover, a digital signature is an authentication method to confirm the accuracy and reliability of digital documents or communications. In addition, designing the circuit based on the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology can affect the security and safety of digital data due to the excessive heat dissipation of circuits. On the other hand, quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) and reversible logic as alternative technologies to CMOS address these problems. Since QCA and reversible logic circuits have minimal energy dissipation, which is considered nearly zero, approaching these technologies proves extremely difficult for any hacker. This work presents an effective structure for the authenticator and human-computer interaction using QCA and IBM quantum computing with Qiskit simulations. The proposed structure has outperformed current circuits in terms of area, cell count, and latency. The paper demonstrates the QCA reversible logic layout of the proposed HCI authenticator and integrates IBM quantum computing simulations using Qiskit for validation. The implementation and testing of results are performed utilizing QCADesigner-2.0.3 and Qiskit simulation tools. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed design are validated through simulation-derived comparison values, and energy dissipation simulations prove that the suggested circuit dissipates minimal energy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Qubits

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Improved Feed-Forward Control of Active Power Decoupler for PV Microinverter With Non-Sinusoidal Power Decoupling Capability

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IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2025年

作者： Shen, Yidi Hasnain, Arafat Zakzewski, Daniel Resalayyan, Rakesh Khaligh, Alireza University of Maryland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Maryland Power Electronics Laboratory Institute for Systems Research College ParkMD20742 United States

In single-phase power conversion systems, there is an inherent difference between the dc-side constant and ac-side oscillating power, and power decoupling is required especially in applications like photovoltaic (PV) inverters. Active power decoupling (APD) converters are often used to balance instantaneous power while reducing the size of dc link capacitors and improving the system reliability. Conventionally, APD converters are controlled to decouple only sinusoidal power at double-line frequency. However, the control is further complicated when non-sinusoidal power is delivered due to non-linear circuit components, non-linear loads, or grid distortions. This paper proposes an improved feed-forward APD control scheme with the capability of decoupling non-sinusoidal power, which has application in single-phase systems, particularly all types of PV microinverters. The proposed feed-forward control includes the capacitor voltage calculation under arbitrary power harmonics and a dead-time compensation to increase the accuracy of duty prediction. The proposed algorithm can work as open-loop control to eliminate APD sensors and can serve as a feed-forward term in closed-loop control to improve power decoupling performance, thereby simplifying the controller design. The proposed approach is experimentally verified using a dc-parallel APD prototype, a 50 V 250 W microinverter with non-linear ac capacitor, and a diode rectifier load. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Closed loop control systems

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Disentangling Spatio-Temporal Knowledge for Weakly Supervised Object Detection and Segmentation in Surgical Video

Disentangling Spatio-Temporal Knowledge for Weakly Supervise...

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IEEE Workshop on Applications of computer Vision (WACV)

作者： Guiqiu Liao Matjaz Jogan Sai Koushik Eric Eaton Daniel A. Hashimoto Department of Surgery PCASO Laboratory University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania

ISBN: (数字)9798331510831

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510848

Weakly supervised video object segmentation (WSVOS) enables the identification of segmentation maps without requiring extensive annotations of object masks, relying instead on coarse video labels indicating object presence. WSVOS in surgical videos is, however, more challenging due to the complex interaction of multiple transient objects, such as surgical tools moving in and out of the surgical field. In this scenario, state-of-the-art WSVOS methods struggle to learn accurate segmentation maps. We address this problem by introducing ViDeo Spatio-Temporal disentanglement Networks (VDST-Net), a framework to disentangle complex spatio-temporal object interactions using semi-decoupled knowledge distillation to predict high-quality class activation maps (CAMs). A teacher network is designed to help a temporal-reasoning student network resolve activation conflicts, as the student leverages temporal dependencies when specifics about object location and timing in the video are not provided. We demonstrate the efficacy of our framework on a challenging surgical video dataset where objects are, on average, present in less than 60% of annotated frames, and compare our method to state-of-the-art methods on surgical data and on a public dataset commonly used to benchmark WSVOS. Our method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques and generates accurate segmentation masks under video-level weak supervision. Our code is available at: https://***/PCASOlab/VDST-net.

关键词： Accuracy Weak supervision Surgery Object segmentation Object detection Streaming media Real-time systems Timing Object recognition Transient analysis

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Quantum Assisted Combinatorial Benders' Algorithm for the Synergy of Hydrogen and Power Distribution systems with Mobile Storage

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IEEE Transactions on Power systems 2025年

作者： Li, Mingze Wang, Siyuan Fan, Lei Han, Zhu University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Department of Engineering Technology HoustonTX77204 United States Argonne National Laboratory Energy Systems and Infrastructure Analysis Division LemontIL60439 United States University of Houston Department of Engineering Technology The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77204 United States The University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States

The growth of hydrogen infrastructure is expected to aid in the integration of fluctuating renewable energy in distribution systems. To leverage the hydrogen system flexibility, this work presents a mixed-binary quadratic program (MBQP) model for synergistic operations of hydrogen and power distribution systems, wherein truck-mounted mobile hydrogen storage facilities are modeled for the schedule of their routes and loading/unloading quantities. A quantum-assisted combinatorial Benders' decomposition algorithm is designed for our MBQP model to deploy the solving of master and sub-problems on a quantum processing unit (QPU) and a classical CPU, respectively. The master problem is reformulated as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem, which can be efficiently solved by quantum annealers. The proposed approach was tested on a hybrid quantum annealing and classical computing platform. Results show a trend to outperform the CPU-based commercial solvers as the problem scale increases. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Quantum computers

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A Novel Hardware Approach to Image Encryption Using Chaotic systems

A Novel Hardware Approach to Image Encryption Using Chaotic ...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Ali Abdelli Wajih El Hadj Youssef Lazhar Khriji Mohsen Machhout Faculty of Sciences of Monastir Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics (LEME) Monastir Tunisia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Sultanate of Oman

ISBN: (数字)9798331542726

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542733

This paper presents a novel chaotic pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) architecture that integrates the XoShiRo128++ algorithm with a chaotic logistic map, combined with an XOR operation using a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). The hybrid PRNG harnesses the high statistical quality of XoShiRo128++ and the sensitivity of chaotic systems to initial conditions, producing robust and unpredictable sequences. This generator is applied to image encryption using the XOR operation, and its performance and security are thoroughly evaluated. The hardware implementation is carried out on a Zybo Z7 board from the Zynq-7000 family, a resource-constrained FPGA platform. The performance analysis encompasses FPGA resource utilization, timing efficiency, and image-based metrics such as entropy and pixel correlation. The results demonstrate that the proposed chaotic PRNG provides a secure and efficient encryption system, making it highly suitable for resource-limited environments and promising for lightweight cryptographic applications.

关键词： Sensitivity Correlation Generators Hardware Entropy Encryption Timing Internet of Things Field programmable gate arrays Logistics

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AD-L-JEPA: Self-Supervised Spatial World Models with Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture for Autonomous Driving with LiDAR Data

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhu, Haoran Dong, Zhenyuan Topollai, Kristi Choromanska, Anna Learning Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New York University 370 Jay Street NY United States

As opposed to human drivers, current autonomous driving systems still require vast amounts of labeled data to train. Recently, world models have been proposed to simultaneously enhance autonomous driving capabilities by improving the way these systems understand complex real-world environments and reduce their data demands via self-supervised pre-training. In this paper, we present AD-L-JEPA (aka Autonomous Driving with LiDAR data via a Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture), a novel self-supervised pre-training framework for autonomous driving with LiDAR data that, as opposed to existing methods, is neither generative nor contrastive. Our method learns spatial world models with a joint embedding predictive architecture. Instead of explicitly generating masked unknown regions, our self-supervised world models predict Bird’s Eye View (BEV) embeddings to represent the diverse nature of autonomous driving scenes. Our approach furthermore eliminates the need to manually create positive and negative pairs, as is the case in contrastive learning. AD-L-JEPA leads to simpler implementation and enhanced learned representations. We qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrate high-quality of embeddings learned with AD-L-JEPA. We furthermore evaluate the accuracy and label efficiency of AD-L-JEPA on popular downstream tasks such as LiDAR 3D object detection and associated transfer learning. Notably, our method achieves up to a 5× speed-up in pre-training time compared with the state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches and consistently delivers better performance when fine-tuned on different amounts of labeled data compared to SOTA. More impressively, the experiments show that even when the first layers of the encoders of ADL-JEPA are randomly initialized while the remaining layers are initialized as pre-trained, our method still yields positive transfers, whereas the competitor method suffer from the negative transfers in this case. Systematic experimental results demonstrate that

关键词： Labeled data

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Multifractal Terrain Generation for Evaluating Autonomous Off-Road Ground Vehicles

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Majhor, Casey D. Bos, Jeremy P. Robust Autonomous Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan Technological University HoughtonMI49931 United States

We present a multifractal artificial terrain generation method that uses the 3D Weierstrass-Mandelbrot function to control roughness. By varying the fractal dimension used in terrain generation across three different values, we generate 60 unique off-road terrains. We use gradient maps to categorize the roughness of each terrain, consisting of low-, semi-, and high-roughness areas. To test how the fractal dimension affects the difficulty of vehicle traversals, we measure the success rates, vertical accelerations, pitch and roll rates, and traversal times of an autonomous ground vehicle traversing 20 randomized straight-line paths in each terrain. As we increase the fractal dimension from 2.3 to 2.45 and from 2.45 to 2.6, we find that the median area of low-roughness terrain decreases 13.8% and 7.16%, the median area of semi-rough terrain increases 11.7% and 5.63%, and the median area of high-roughness terrain increases 1.54% and 3.33%, all respectively. We find that the median success rate of the vehicle decreases 22.5% and 25% as the fractal dimension increases from 2.3 to 2.45 and from 2.45 to 2.6, respectively. Successful traversal results show that the median root-mean-squared vertical accelerations, median root-mean-squared pitch and roll rates, and median traversal times all increase with the fractal dimension. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Off road vehicles

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