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Light-Emitting Diodes: High-Efficiency, Microscale GaN Light-Emitting Diodes and Their Thermal Properties on Unusual Substrates (Small 11/2012)

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Small 2012年第11期8卷

作者： Tae-il Kim Yei Hwan Jung Jizhou Song Daegon Kim Yuhang Li Hoon-sik Kim Il-Sun Song Jonathan J. Wierer Hsuan An Pao Yonggang Huang John A. Rogers Department of Materials Science and Engineering Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Miami FL 33146 USA Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Sandia National Laboratories Albuguerque NM 87185 USA Departments of Chemistry and Electrical and Computer Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA

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A novel bottom-up Ag contact (30nm diameter and 6.5 aspect ratio) technology by electroplating for 1Xnm and beyond technology

A novel bottom-up Ag contact (30nm diameter and 6.5 aspect r...

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International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)

作者： Chao-An Jong Po-Jung Sung Mei-Yi Lee Fu-Ju Hou Kehuey Wu Ying-Hao Su Bing-Mau Chen Chia-Wei Ho Ren-Jei Chung Yao-Jen Lee Wen-Fa Wu Chenming Hu Fu-Liang Yang National Nano Device Laboratories Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Opto-Electronic System Engineering Minghsin University of Science and Technology Taiwan Chemical Engineering Department National Taipei University of Technology Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705069

Very high 6.5 aspect ratio, 30nm diameter contacts are filled with a novel bottom-up Ag electroplating technology for the first time. The technology utilizes two distinct advantages of Ag over Cu: (1) Ag has the lower metal resistivity, and (2) Ag has several orders of magnitude lower diffusivity in Si than Cu. The bottom-up deposition technology intrinsically avoids the issue of seam formation arising from sidewall deposition, and thus is very promising” for future scaled contacts, even down to single digit nano-meter technology nodes.

关键词： Tin Annealing Resistance Copper Surface treatment Films Silicon

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Temperature and frequency resolution of a 3.5 THz heterodyne spectrometer using a quantum cascade laser

Temperature and frequency resolution of a 3.5 THz heterodyne...

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22nd International Symposium on Space Terahertz technology 2011, ISSTT 2011

作者： Ren, Y. Hovenier, J.N. Gao, J.R. Klapwijk, T.M. Shi, S.C. Kao, T-Y. Hu, Q. Reno, J.L. Kavli Institute of NanoScience Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 2628 CJ Delft Netherlands Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM 87185-0601 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618394156

Here we characterized the temperature and frequency resolution of a 3.5 THz heterodyne spectrometer based on a quantum cascade laser (QCL) as a local oscillator and a superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) as a mixer. High resolution spectral lines of methanol (CH3OH) gas around 3.5 THz were obtained by performing heterodyne spectroscopic measurements. From the measured spectra, we determined the minimal temperature change that could be resolved for the heterodyne receiver in different operation manner. The spectral resolution of the receiver was also addressed.

关键词： Quantum cascade lasers

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3.5 THz quantum cascade laser at 70 K as local oscillator

3.5 THz quantum cascade laser at 70 K as local oscillator

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22nd International Symposium on Space Terahertz technology 2011, ISSTT 2011

作者： Ren, Y. De Visser, P.J. Hovenier, J.N. Zhang, W. Gao, J.R. Klapwijk, T.M. Shi, S.C. Kao, T.-Y. Kumar, S. Hu, Q. Reno, J.L. Kavli Institute of NanoScience Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 2628 CJ Delft Netherlands Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM 87185-0601 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618394156

We report a set of measurements to demonstrate a new type of surface emitting distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade laser (QCL) operated at 3.5 THz as a local oscillator by pumping a superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer. Based on the Bragg gratings incorporated into the waveguide, the second order DFB surface emitting THz QCL shows single mode emission at 3.555 THz, which is only 4 GHz off from the hydroxyl (OH) line. Because of the radiation being emitted from the surface, the far-field beam is much improved, with a divergent far field beam pattern only in one direction. We also notice that in the far field beam pattern, unlike conventional metal-metal waveguide QCLs, there are no interference patterns. All these factors make it possible to fully pump a superconducting NbN HEB mixer at 60 K, and even at 70 K based on the estimated power.

关键词： Quantum cascade lasers

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An ${({\rm Al}_{\rm x}{\rm Ga}_{1-{\rm x}})}_{2}{\rm O}_{3}$ Metal-Semiconductor-Metal VUV Photodetector

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2011年第9期11卷 1795-1799页

作者： W. Y. Weng T. J. Hsueh S. J. Chang S. C. Hung G. J. Huang H. T. Hsueh Z. D. Huang C. J. Chiu Institute of Microelectronics & Department of Electrical Engineering Institute Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center Center of Micro/Nano Science and Technology National Cheng Kung University Tainan County Taiwan National Nano Device Laboratories Tainan County Taiwan Department of Information Technology & Communication Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Kaohsiung Taiwan Institute of Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan County Taiwan

The authors report the conversion of AlGaN epitaxial layer into (Al x Ga 1-x ) 2 O 3 thin film by furnace oxidation at high temperature in oxygen containing ambient. A vacuum-ultraviolet (Al x Ga 1-x ) 2 O 3 photodetector (PD) was also fabricated. It was found that external quantum efficiency of the fabricated PD measured at 220 nm was 30%. It was found that the fabricated PD exhibits extremely large deep-UV-to-visible rejection ratio.

关键词： Gallium nitride Current measurement Gallium Aluminum gallium nitride Photodetectors Furnaces Photonic band gap

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Optimal dual-cast beamforming for network coding-based two-way relay transmission

Optimal dual-cast beamforming for network coding-based two-w...

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC

作者： Zhengfeng Xu Hong-Chuan Yang Pingyi Fan Su Yi Ming Lei Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList) Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Victoria Victoria Canada NEC Laboratories Beijing China

Dual-cast transmission appears naturally in network coding-based two-way relay systems, where the relay terminal needs to send network coded information to both end users simultaneously. In this paper, we investigate the optimal beamforming design for wireless dual-cast channels. Specifically, we present an efficient closed-form solution of the optimal beamforming vectors and their achievable maximal dual-cast rate for both orthogonal and nonorthogonal user channel cases. Comparison with conventional non-network-coding based schemes shows that the proposed design of dual-cast beamforming with network coding can best explore the capacity benefit of multiple antennas at the relay terminal.

关键词： Array signal processing Throughput Network coding Relays Signal to noise ratio Optimization Correlation

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Spatial inefficiency of MaxWeight scheduling

Spatial inefficiency of MaxWeight scheduling

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International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt)

作者： Peter van de Ven Sem Borst Lei Ying Department of Mathematics & Computer Science Eindhovan University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands Bell Laboratories Alcatel-Lucent Murray Hill NJ USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA

MaxWeight scheduling has gained enormous popularity as a powerful paradigm for achieving queue stability and maximum throughput in a wide variety of scenarios. The maximum-stability guarantees however rely on the fundamental premise that the system consists of a fixed set of flows with stationary ergodic traffic processes. In the present paper we examine networks where the population of active flows varies over time, as flows eventually end while new flows occasionally start. We show that MaxWeight policies may fail to provide maximum stability due to persistent inefficient spatial reuse. The intuitive explanation is that these policies tend to serve flows with large backlogs, even when the resulting spatial reuse is not particularly efficient, and fail to exploit maximum spatial reuse patterns involving flows with smaller backlogs. These results indicate that instability of MaxWeight scheduling can occur due to spatial inefficiency in networks with fixed transmission rates, which is fundamentally different from the inability to fully exploit time-varying rates shown in prior work. We discuss how the potential instability effects can be countered by spatial traffic aggregation, and describe some of the associated challenges and performance trade-offs.

关键词： Stability analysis Dynamic scheduling Schedules Throughput Aggregates Heuristic algorithms

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Fast tuning of MEMS-based tunable terahertz wire lasers

Fast tuning of MEMS-based tunable terahertz wire lasers

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Qi Qin John L Reno Qing Hu Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Sandia National Laboratories Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Albuquerque NM USA

We demonstrate a fast frequency tuning of a terahertz wire-laser. Using a piezo actuator and a MEMS-plunger enables a tuning speed up to ~15 KHz. Improved bonding-pad design of wire-lasers leads to larger fabrication ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529107

关键词： Wires Laser tuning Metals Micromechanical devices Frequency modulation Laser modes

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Design of Double Layer Printed Spiral Coils for Wirelessly-Powered Biomedical Implants

Design of Double Layer Printed Spiral Coils for Wirelessly-P...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Ehsan Ashoori Farzad Asgarian Amir M. Sodagar Euisik Yoon Research Laboratory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS) Electrical & Computer Eng. Dept K.N. Toosi University of Technology Research Laboratory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS) Electrical & Computer Eng. Dept. K.N. Toosi University of Technology Center for Wireless Integrated Microsystems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441211

In this paper employing double layer printed spiral coils (PSCs) is proposed for wireless power transmission in implantable biomedical applications. Detailed modeling of this type of PSCs is presented. Both calculations and measurements of fabricated double layer PSCs indicate that this structure can decrease the size of typical single layer PSCs without any change in the most important parameters of the coils, such as quality factor. Also, it is shown that with equal PSC dimensions and design parameters, double layer PSCs achieve significantly higher inductances and quality factors. Ultimately, a pair of double layer PSCs with a distance of 5 mm in air is used in an inductive link. The power transfer efficiency of this link is about 79.8% with a carrier frequency of 5 MHz and coupling coefficient of 0.189.

关键词： Double layer helical coil Quality factor TRANSFER EFFICIENCY Implants and Prostheses CARRIER FREQUENCY biomedical

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A $\beta$-$\hbox{Ga}_{2} \hbox{O} _{3}$ Solar-Blind Photodetector Prepared by Furnace Oxidization of GaN Thin Film

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2011年第4期11卷 999-1003页

作者： W. Y. Weng T. J. Hsueh S. J. Chang G. J. Huang H. T. Hsueh Institute of Microelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan County Taiwan National Nano Device Laboratories Tainan County Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Tainan TW Institute of Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering Center of Micro/Nano Science and Technology National Cheng Kung University Tainan County Taiwan

The authors report the growth of β-Ga 2 O 3 thin film by simple furnace oxidation of GaN thin film and the fabrication of a solar-blind β-Ga 2 O 3 photodetector (PD). For the PD with an active area of 4.4 mm 2 and 5-V applied bias, it was found that measured current was only 1.39 × 10 -10 A in the dark and increased to 2.03 × 10 -5 A when illuminated with 260-nm ultraviolet (UV) light (41.27 μW/cm 2 ). It was also found that the fabricated PD exhibits an extremely large deep-UV-to-visible rejection ratio.

关键词： Gallium nitride Furnaces Oxidation Semiconductor device measurement Epitaxial layers Crystals Photodetectors

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