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Effects of Dielectrophoresis on growth, viability and immuno-reactivity of Listeria monocytogenes

Journal of Biological engineering 2008年第1期2卷 6-6页

作者： Yang, Liju Banada, Padmapriya P. Bhunia, Arun K. Bashir, Rashid Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences North Carolina Central University Durham NC 27707 United States Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory Department of Food Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 United States Birck Nanotechnology Center Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 United States Center for Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine New Jersey Medical School-UMDNJ Newark NJ 07130 185 S. Orange Ave United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratories University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 Urbana-Champaign United States

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) has been regarded as a useful tool for manipulating biological cells prior to the detection of cells. Since DEP uses high AC electrical fields, it is important to examine whether these electrical fields in any way damage cells or affect their characteristics in subsequent analytical procedures. In this study, we investigated the effects of DEP manipulation on the characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes cells, including the immuno-reactivity to several Listeria-specific antibodies, the cell growth profile in liquid medium, and the cell viability on selective agar plates. It was found that a 1-h DEP treatment increased the cell immuno-reactivity to the commercial Listeria species-specific polyclonal antibodies (from KPL) by ∼31.8% and to the C11E9 monoclonal antibodies by ∼82.9%, whereas no significant changes were observed with either anti-InlB or anti-ActA antibodies. A 1-h DEP treatment did not cause any change in the growth profile of Listeria in the low conductive growth medium (LCGM);however, prolonged treatments (4 h or greater) caused significant delays in cell growth. The results of plating methods showed that a 4-h DEP treatment (5 MHz, 20 Vpp) reduced the viable cell numbers by 56.8-89.7 %. These results indicated that DEP manipulation may or may not affect the final detection signal in immuno-based detection depending on the type of antigen-antibody reaction involved. However, prolonged DEP treatment for manipulating bacterial cells could produce negative effects on the cell detection by growth-based methods. Careful selection of DEP operation conditions could avoid or minimize negative effects on subsequent cell detection performance. © 2008 Yang et al;licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

关键词： Listeria Viable Cell Number Interdigitated Microelectrode Listeria Cell electrical Field Exposure

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Studying reprogramming of somatic cells via fusion with embryonic stem cells: A massively parallel device for cell fusion 11

Studying reprogramming of somatic cells via fusion with embr...

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11th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences, uTAS 2007

作者： Skelley, Alison M. Kirak, Oktay Jaenisch, Rudolf Voldman, Joel Research Laboratory of Electronics MIT United States Microsystems Technology Laboratories MIT United States Whitehead Institute MIT United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780979806407

Controlled fusion between an embryonic stem cell and a somatic cell is an important strategy for cellular reprogramming. We have developed a microfluidic system specifically to address the main limitation of current fusion technologies: the positioning and pairing of cells prior to fusion. We present a PDMS device designed to pair cells prior to fusion. Thousands of properly paired cells are obtainable within a mm-sized area, and the device is compatible with both chemical and electrical fusion. Fusion efficiencies obtained with our device demonstrate a significant improvement over current technologies. © 2007 CBMS.

关键词： Stem cells

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Low-delay multiview video coding for free-viewpoint video communication

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Systems and computers in Japan 2007年第5期38卷 14-29页

作者： Kimata, Hideaki Kitahara, Masaki Kamikura, Kazuto Yashima, Yoshiyuki Fujii, Toshiaki Tanimoto, Masayuki NTT Cyber Space Laboratories NTT Corporation Yokosuka 239-0847 Japan NTT Advanced Technology Corporation Yokohama 244-0805 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603 Japan

We have proposed free-viewpoint video communications, in which a viewer can change the viewpoint and viewing angle when receiving and watching video content. A free-viewpoint video consists of several views, whose viewpoints are different. To freely and instantaneously change the viewpoint and view angle, a random access capability to decode the requested view with little delay is necessary. In this paper, a multiview video coding method to achieve high coding efficiency with low-delay random access functionality is proposed. In the proposed method, the GOP is the basic unit of a view, and selective reference picture memory management is applied to multiple GOPs to improve coding efficiency. In addition, the coding method of disparity vectors, which utilizes the camera arrangement, is proposed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Image coding

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A fully integrated microfabricated externally wetted electrospray thruster

A fully integrated microfabricated externally wetted electro...

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43rd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference

作者： Gassend, B. Velásquez-García, L.F. Akinwande, A.I. Martínez-Sánchez, M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 32 Vassar Street Cambridge MA 02139 AIAA MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Microsystems Technology Laboratories 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139

ISBN: (纸本)1563479036

This paper reports the performance of a fully-integrated planar electrospray thruster array. Electrospray thrusters work by electrostatically extracting and accelerating ions or charged droplets from a liquid surface to produce thrust. Emission occurs from sharp emitter tips, which enhance the electric field and constrain the emission location. Electrospray propulsion is desirable for its simplicity, high thrust efficiency and tunable specific impulse. However, the electrospray process limits the thrust from a single tip, so that achieving millinewton thrust levels would require an array with tens of thousands of emitters. We have used silicon batch microfabrication technology to make an array of 502 emitters in a 113 mm2 area. The thruster, weighing 5 g, was tested with the ionic liquid EMI-BF4. Time of night measurements show that the thruster operates in the ion-emission regime, which is most efficient for propulsion, with a specific impulse around 3000 s at a 1 kV extractor voltage. Emission starts as low as 500 V. Currents of 370 nA per emitter have been recorded at 1500 V, for an estimated thrust of 26 nN per emitter or 13 μN total, and a 275 mW power consumption. The thrust efficiency is estimated around 85%. In good operating conditions, the current intercepted on the extractor electrode is well below 1%, increasing to a few percent at the highest current levels.

关键词： Electric propulsion

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Uniform High Current Field Emission of Electrons from Si and CNF FEAs Individually Controlled by Si Pillar Ungated FETs

Uniform High Current Field Emission of Electrons from Si and...

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2007 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM 2007), vol.2

作者： L. F. Velasquez-Garcia B. Adeoti Y. Niu A. I. Akinwande Microsystems Technology Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Microsystems Technology Laboratories Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA U.S.A.

We report the demonstration of the first dense (10{sup}6 emitters/cm{sup}2), high current (10 mA) array of individually ballasted field emitters that use vertical ungated field effect transistors (FETs) as current limiters. Each silicon or carbon nanofiber (CNF) emitter is individually connected in series with a silicon pillar ungated FET or current limiter (Fig. 1). The ungated FET takes advantage of the saturation of carrier velocity in silicon to obtain current source-like behavior - required for uniform and high current operation with small power dissipation.

关键词： Electron emission FETs Electronic ballasts Voltage Silicon Resistors Power dissipation Field emitter arrays Current limiters Anodes

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AN OUT-OF-PLANE MEMS QUADRUPOLE FOR A PORTABLE MASS SPECTROMETER

AN OUT-OF-PLANE MEMS QUADRUPOLE FOR A PORTABLE MASS SPECTROM...

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2007 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and microsystems Conference (TRANSDUCERS 2007), vol.5

作者： L. F. Velasquez-Garcia A. I. Akinwande Microsystems Technologies Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

This paper reports the design, fabrication and characterization of a hand-assembled out-of-plane MEMS quadrupole mass filter. The device utilizes a 3D packaging technology that relies on mesoscale DRIE-patterned deflection springs for assembly. Microfabricated quadrupoles with 1.58mm down to 0.56mm diameter rods and 30 to 60 aspect ratios were built and tested. The quadrupoles were characterized in the first stability region at an RF frequency of 1.44 MHz, using a constant peak width sweeping method, obtaining a dynamic range of 650 amu and a half-peak width of 2 amu. Better performance is expected if a higher RF frequency is used.

关键词： Mass filter Out-of-plane quadrupole Portable mass spectrometry

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Waveguide-integrated Ge photodetectors on Si for electronic and photonic integration

Waveguide-integrated Ge photodetectors on Si for electronic ...

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Integrated Photonics and Nanophotonics Research and Applications, IPNRA 2007

作者： Liu, J.F. Ahn, D. Hong, C.Y. Beals, M. Kimerling, L.C. Michel, J. Chen, J. Kaertner, F.X. Pomerene, A.T. Carothers, D. Hill, C. Beattie, J. Tu, K.Y. Chen, Y.K. Patel, S. Rasras, M. White, A. Gill, D.M. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States BAE Systems Semiconductor Technology center Manassas VA 20110 United States Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies United States

We demonstrate waveguide-integrated Ge p-i-n photodetectors on Si with vertical coupling and butt-coupling schemes. A responsivity of >1.0 A/W around 1550 nm and a bandwidth of several GHz were achieved in both cas... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557528446

关键词： Waveguides

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Chronic neural recording with a 64-channel cortical microsystem

Chronic neural recording with a 64-channel cortical microsys...

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3rd International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural engineering

作者： Sodagar, Amir M. Perlin, Gayatri E. Yao, Ying Najafi, Khalil Wise, Kensall D. K. N. Toosi University of Technology Engineering Research Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSystems (WIMS ERC) University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States WIMS ERC Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424407910

This paper presents initial neural recording results with a 64-channel wireless cortical microsystem. The system can be programmed and powered using an inductive telemetry link, switching an RF carrier between 4 and 8MHz to enter command information. Recorded neural activity is returned to the external world wirelessly over an on-off-keyed 80MHz carrier. The system can be programmed to detect positive, negative, and biphasic spikes on all the channels simultaneously or can monitor one channel with 8 bits of resolution. It has recorded single units from guinea pig auditory cortex over periods of 30 days.

关键词： Neurology

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Single-mode surface-emitting terahertz quantum-cascade lasers operating up to ∼ 150 K

Single-mode surface-emitting terahertz quantum-cascade laser...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2007, CLEO 2007

作者： Kumar, Sushil Benjamin, S. Williams Qin, Qi Lee, Alan W.M. Hu, Qing Reno, John L. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Sandia National Laboratories Center of Integrated MS 1303 Albuquerque NM 87185-1303 United States

We report robust single-mode operation of surface-emitting distributed-feedback terahertz quantum-cascade lasers in metal-metal waveguides. Grating devices span a range of 0.35THz around 2.9THz, with 149K maximum puls... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528346

关键词： Quantum cascade lasers

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Single-mode surface-emitting terahertz quantum-cascade lasers operating up to » 150 k

Single-mode surface-emitting terahertz quantum-cascade laser...

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Quantum Electronics and Laser science Conference, QELS 2007

作者： Kumar, Sushil Williams, Benjamin S. Qin, Qi Lee, Alan W. M. Hu, Qing Reno, John L. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Sandia National Laboratories Center of Integrated Nanotechnologies MS 1303 Albuquerque NM 87185-1303 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1557528349

关键词： Quantum cascade lasers

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