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作者： Hsieh, Jun-Wei Chiang, Cheng-Chin Huang, Yea-Shuan Grimson, W.E.L. Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze University Chungli 320 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Dong Hwa University Hualien 974 Taiwan Advanced Technology Center Comp. and Communication Laboratories Indust. Technol. Research Institute Hsinchu 310 Taiwan Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Inst. of Technology MA 02139-4307 United States

This paper presents a novel method of retrieving images by learning the commonality of instances from a set of training examples. The proposed scheme uses a coarse-to-fine algorithm to find the desired visual concepts from a set of instances for successful image retrieval. The learner at the coarse stage attempts to partition training data into two smaller compact sets (relevant and irrelevant) to reduce the size of the training examples, thus improving the efficiency of concept learning at the refined stage. At the refined stage, a proposed verification scheme is employed to verify each instance obtained at the coarse stage by examining its indexing and filtering capabilities based on a pool of images. Due to this extra examination step, the desired visual concepts can be learned more accurately, leading to significant improvement in image retrieval. Since no time-consuming optimization process is involved, all the desired visual concepts can be learned online. Experimental results are provided to verify the superiority of the proposed method.

关键词： Learning systems

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Resonant-phonon terahertz quantum cascade lasers at long wavelengths

Resonant-phonon terahertz quantum cascade lasers at long wav...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： B.S. Williams S. Kumar Qing Hu J.L. Reno Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department 1123 Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA

We report a resonant-phonon terahertz quantum cascade laser at a wavelength of /spl lambda/ /spl ap/ 141 /spl mu/m (2.1 THz) that uses a low-loss, high-confinement metal-metal waveguide. Continuous wave operation is o... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557527776

关键词： Quantum cascade lasers Resonance Optical waveguides Optical scattering Waveguide lasers Quantum computing Optical receivers Semiconductor lasers Frequency Phonons

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CCMPerf: a benchmarking tool for CORBA component model implementations

CCMPerf: a benchmarking tool for CORBA component model imple...

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IEEE Symposium on Real-Time and Embedded technology and Applications

作者： A.S. Krishna Balachandran Natarajan A. Gokhale D.C. Schmidt N. Wang G. Thaker Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Computer Science Department Washington University Saint Louis MO USA Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories Cherry Hill NJ USA

Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) middleware is now widely used to develop distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems. DRE systems are themselves increasingly combined to form "systems of systems" that have diverse quality of service (QoS) requirements. Earlier generations of COTS middleware, such as Object Request Brokers (ORBs) based on the CORBA 2.x standard, do not facilitate the separation of QoS policies from application functionality, which makes it hard to configure and validate complex DRE applications. The new generation of component middleware, such as the CORBA component model (CCM) based on the CORBA 3.0 standard, addresses the limitations of earlier generation middleware by establishing standards for implementing, packaging, assembling, and deploying component implementations. There has been little systematic empirical study of the performance characteristics of component middleware implementations in the context of DRE systems. This paper therefore provides three contributions to the study of CCM for DRE systems. First, we describe the challenges involved in benchmarking different CORBA component model (CCM) implementations. Second, we describe key criteria for comparing different CCM implementations using key black-box and white-box metrics. Third, we describe the design of our CCMPerf benchmarking suite to illustrate test categories that evaluate aspects of CCM implementation to determine their suitability for the DRE domain. We demonstrate CCMPerf by using it to collect metrics from a CCM implementation designed for DRE applications.

关键词： Middleware Quality of service Real time systems Benchmark testing computer science Packaging Assembly Marine vehicles Telecommunication computing Delay

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High temperature continuous-wave operation of terahertz quantum cascade lasers

High temperature continuous-wave operation of terahertz quan...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： S. Kumar B.S. Williams S. Kohen Qing Hu J.L. Reno Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department 1123 MS 0601 Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA

We report continuous-wave operation of a quantum-cascade laser at 3.2 THz (/spl lambda/ /spl sim/ 94 /spl mu/m) up to a heat-sink temperature of 93 K. Optical powers of /spl sim/1.5 mW at 10 K and /spl sim/400 /spl mu... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557527776

关键词： Quantum cascade lasers Temperature Power lasers Semiconductor lasers Optical scattering laboratories Infrared heating Optical mixing Optical receivers Frequency

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Learning composite adaptive control for a class of nonlinear systems

Learning composite adaptive control for a class of nonlinear...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： J. Nakanishi J.A. Farrell S. Schaal Computational Brain Project ICORP Japan Science and Technology Agency Kyoto Japan ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories Kyoto Japan Department of Electrical Engineering University of California Riverside USA Department of Computer Science and Neuroscience University of Southern California Los Angeles USA

An adaptive composite control technique was suggested before for nonlinear adaptive control with statistical learning methods. While this original work was restricted to a simple class of nonlinear SISO systems that were linear in the inputs, in this paper we present a more general treatment of learning a composite controller for the class of nonlinear systems characterized by the form x/spl dot/ = f(x) + g(x)u. We would first examine such systems in the first order SISO framework, and present a stability proof including a parameter projection method that is needed to avoid potential singularities during adaptation. Second, we generalize our adaptive controller to higher order SISO systems, and discuss the application to MIMO problems. We evaluate our theoretical control framework in numerical simulations to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed learning adaptive controller for rapid convergence and high accuracy of control.

关键词： Adaptive control Nonlinear systems Programmable control Control systems Adaptive systems Statistical learning Nonlinear control systems Stability MIMO Numerical simulation

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Pulse tracking in complex photonic structures

Pulse tracking in complex photonic structures

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International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks

作者： H. Gersen M.L.M. Balistreri D.J.W. Klunder J.P. Korterik A. Driessen N.F. van Hulst L. Kuipers Dept. of Science & Technology University of Twente AE Enschede The Netherlands Dept. of Electrical Engineering. Mathematics and Computer Sciences University of Twente AE Enschede Integrated Optical MicroSystems Group MESA' Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Sciences University of Twente Enschede Netherlands FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF) Kruislaan 407 Applied Optics MESA' Institute for Nanotechnologv and Department of Science & Technology University of Twente Enschede Netherlands FOM-Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF) Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)0780383435

Time-resolved near-field microscopy allows the propagation of ultrafast pulses to be visualized en route while they travel through complex photonic structures. These measurements enable the unambiguous determination of both local phase and group velocities. We illustrate this powerful technique by tracking an ultrashort wavepacket as it completes several round trips in a ring resonator.

关键词： Ultrafast optics Optical ring resonators Optical signal processing Optical surface waves Optical feedback Optical microscopy Optical propagation Stimulated emission Optical devices Optical pulses

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Initial results from the 2004 North Slope of Alaska Arctic winter radiometric experiment

Initial results from the 2004 North Slope of Alaska Arctic w...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： E.R. Westwater M. Klein V. Leuski A.J. Gasiewski T. Uttal D.A. Hazen D. Cimini V. Mattioli B.L. Weber S. Dowlatshahi J.A. Shaw J.S. Liljegren B.M. Lesht B.D. Zak Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado/NOAA-Environmental Technology Laboratory Boulder CO USA NOAA/Environmental Technology Laboratory Boulder CO USA Remote Sensing Division CETEMPS Universita degli Studi dell''Aquila L'Aquila Italy Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica e dell'Informazione Università di Perugia S Lucia Canetola Perugia Italy Science and Technology Corporation Boulder CO USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Montana State University Bozemon MT USA DOE Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL USA DOE Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA

A multiinstrument radiometric experiment was conducted on the North Slope of Alaska near Barrow, Alaska, during March 9 to April 9 2004. Initial radiometric and radiosonde data from this experiment are presented.

关键词： Arctic Atmospheric measurements Sea measurements Radiometers Microwave radiometry Energy measurement Clouds Frequency Millimeter wave measurements Microwave measurements

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Fabricaton Ofactive Devices and Logic Gates on Fibers

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2003年第1期769卷 861-866页

作者： Choi, Yong Woo Kymissis, Ioannis Wang, Annie Akinwande, Akintunde I. Microsystems Technology Lab. (MTL) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge USA

Textiles are a suitable substrate for large area, flexible and wearable electronics because of their excellent flexibility, mechanical properties and low cost manufacturability. The ability to fabricate active devices on fiber is a key step for achieving large area and flexible electronic structures. We fabricated transistors and inverters with a-Si film and pentacene film on Kapton film and cut them into fibers. The a-Si TFT showed a threshold voltage of 8.5 V and on/off ratio of 103 at a drain voltage of 10 V. These are similar to the characteristics of a TFT fabricated on a glass substrate at the same time. The maximum gain of the inverter with an enhancement n-type load was 6.45 at a drain voltage of 10 V. The pentacene OTFT showed a threshold voltage of -8 V and on/off ratio of 103 at a drain voltage of -30 V. The inverter with a depletion p-type load showed a voltage inversion but the inversion occurred at the wrong voltage. The antifuse was successfully programmed with a voltage pulse and also a current pulse. The resistance decreased from 10 GΩ to 2 kΩ after the programming.

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Low Temperature Copper-induced Crystallization Technique for Germanium on Flexible PET, by Means of Mechanical Compressive Stress

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2003年第1期769卷 6111-6116页

作者： Hekmatshoar, B. Shahrjerdi, D. Mohajerzadeh, S. Khakifirooz, A. Akhavan, A. Robertson, M. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Thin Film laboratory University of Tehran Tehran Iran Microsystems Technology Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA ECE Department University of Waterloo Canada Department of Physics Acadia University Wolfville USA

Low temperature copper-induced crystallization of amorphous germanium (a-Ge) has been significantly enhanced by applying mechanical compressive stress during thermal post-treatment. Manipulation of this technique, alongside with proper patterning of the a-Ge layer before thermo-mechanical process, has led to growth of device-quality poly-Ge layer on flexible PET substrate at temperatures as low as 130°C. Flexibility of the substrate allows the efficient application of uniaxial compressive stress by bending the PET sheets inward. Effects of compressive stress and ultimate crystallization of the Ge layer has been verified by electrical sheet resistance and Hall mobility measurements, and analyzed by XRD, SEM, TEM and RAMAN spectroscopy.

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Investigation of scaling methodology for strained Si n-MOSFETs using a calibrated transport model

Investigation of scaling methodology for strained Si n-MOSFE...

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International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)

作者： H.M. Nayfeh J.L. Hoyt D.A. Antoniadis IBM Semiconductor Research and Development Center NY USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Microsystems Technology Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA

The performance, calculated in terms of on-current I/sub on/ vs. off-current I/sub off/, of strained Si n-MOSFETs is compared to bulk (unstrained) Si devices with gate lengths down to 22 nm using hydrodynamic simulations with calibrated strained Si transport models. Strain results in I/sub on/ enhancement for given I/sub off/, but increased Coulomb scattering in strained Si super-halo n-MOSFETs with gate lengths approaching 25 nm and surface doping near 6/spl times/10/sup 18/ cm/sup -3/, results in reduction of I/sub on/ enhancement by approximately 10%. Simulations also indicate that the use of a gate electrode material with workfunction larger than n/sup +/ polysilicon is an attractive approach to achieve the desired off-current for strained devices scaled below 25 nm gate length, and for devices with increased strain in the channel (i.e. substrate Ge contents >20% Ge).

关键词： MOSFET circuits Acoustic scattering Threshold voltage Semiconductor process modeling Capacitive sensors Doping profiles Electric variables measurement Acoustic measurements Surface fitting laboratories

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