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Optics in Computing, OC 2001

作者： Mukherjee, S.D. Choquette, K.D. Geib, K.M. Hadley, G.R. Carter, T.R. Fischer, A.J. Sullivan, C.T. Tatah, K. Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131-1356 United States The Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim7491 Norway Sandia National Laboratories CSRL AlbuquerqueNM87185-0603 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois UrbanaIL61801 United States Schott Fiber Optics Inc. 122 Charlton Street SouthbridgeMA01550 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1557526575

Sources of possible optical crosstalk in parallel datalinks comprised of VCSEL-arrays and imaging fiber guides have been characterized using L-I-V, near field, far field measurements and simulations using beam propagation method. Input coupling, propagation through the fiber-guide and output spreading are evaluated quantitatively for their contribution to the degradation of link properties for high-density, massively parallel 2-D optical link systems. © 2001 OSA/OC 2001.

关键词： Beam propagation method

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Adaptive neural network short term load forecasting with wavelet decompositions

Adaptive neural network short term load forecasting with wav...

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Power Tech Conference

作者： Zhao-Yang Dong Bai-Ling Zhang Qian Huang School of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Queensland Saint Lucia QLD Australia Kent Ridge Digital Laboratories Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering South China University of Technology China

This paper proposes a time series load forecast model suited to competitive electricity markets. The forecast model is based on wavelet multi-resolution decomposition and the neural network modeling of wavelet coefficients. A Bayesian method automatic relevance determination (ARD) model is used to choose the optimal neural network size. The individual wavelet domain neural network forecasts are recombined to form the accurate overall forecast. The proposed method is tested using Queensland electricity demand data from the Australian National Electricity Market.

关键词： Adaptive systems Neural networks Load forecasting Predictive models Economic forecasting Electricity supply industry Load modeling Wavelet coefficients Bayesian methods Wavelet domain

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A dynamic adaptive multiple access protocol for wireless integrated communications

A dynamic adaptive multiple access protocol for wireless int...

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IEEE Conference and Exhibition on Global Telecommunications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Zhong Jun Yin Kah-Seng Chung M. Kumar Telstra Research Laboratories Clayton VIC Australia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Curtin University of Technology Perth WA Australia Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Texas Arlington TX USA

A novel multiple access protocol, called DAMMA, is proposed for efficient handling of heterogenous traffic encountered in emerging wireless multimedia communications. To minimise contention collisions, DAMMA adopts random time slot selection in addition to the adaptive procedure for maintaining sufficient time slots available for contention. With DAMMA, time slots are selectively allocated to traffic of different service classes and priority levels to meet the diverse QoS requirements. computer simulation results indicate that DAMMA can significantly enhance the throughput performance of data traffic. Under a given condition, the DAMMA protocol can achieve a maximum throughput of 91%, which compares well with 70% for the master-slave dynamic rate access (MSDRA) protocol adopted in the General Radio Packet Service (GPRS) system.

关键词： Access protocols Wireless communication

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Indoor visible communication utilizing plural white LEDs as lighting

Indoor visible communication utilizing plural white LEDs as ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

作者： Y. Tanaka T. Komine S. Haruyama M. Nakagawa Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Kanagawa Japan Advanced Telecommunication Laboratory Sony Computer Science Laboratories Inc. Shinagawa Tokyo Japan

Future electric lights will be composed of white LED (light emitting diodes). Indoor wireless optical communication systems utilizing white LED lights have been proposed in our laboratory and we have been studying it. Generally, plural lights are installed in our room. Therefore, their optical path difference must be considered. In this paper, the influence of optical path difference has been investigated and two approaches for this problem are introduced. One uses OOK-RZ (on-off keying, return-to-zero) coding and the other uses optical OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing). From the results of computer simulations, we have found that these approaches are feasible for wireless optical communication systems utilizing white LED lights.

关键词： Light emitting diodes LED lamps Optical fiber communication High speed optical techniques Wireless communication Optical mixing OFDM Stimulated emission Optical communication equipment computer simulation

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Imaging water absorption with spectroscopic optical coherence tomography

Imaging water absorption with spectroscopic optical coherenc...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： I. Hartl C. Chudoba T. Ko X.D. Li J.G. Fujimoto M. Brezinski R.S. Windeler Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA USA Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies Inc. Murray Hill NJ USA

Summary form only given. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technique for micron-scale cross-sectional imaging of biological tissue. High resolution detection of reflected or backscattering light is performed using low coherence interferometry. High nonlinearity, air-silica microstructure fibers or tapered fibers can generate an extremely broadband continuum using low energy femtosecond pulses. This is achieved by the anomalous dispersion characteristics of the fibers which shift the zero dispersion wavelength to shorter wavelengths and small core diameters which provide a tight mode confinement. We recently demonstrated ultrahigh resolution OCT using an air-silica microstructure fiber as light source in the spectral region between 1.2 /spl mu/m and 1.5 /spl mu/m with an axial resolution of 2.5 /spl mu/m at 1.3 /spl mu/m center wavelength. In this paper we demonstrate an extension of this method to broadband spectroscopically resolved OCT imaging.

关键词： Optical imaging Absorption Spectroscopy Optical interferometry Ultrafast optics High-resolution imaging Biomedical optical imaging Energy resolution Microstructure Optical pulse generation

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Enhanced service availability and resource utilisation by means of composite radio systems management

Enhanced service availability and resource utilisation by me...

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IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

作者： P. Demestichas A. Oikonomou K. Floros L. Papadopoulou V. Stavroulaki M. Theologou G. Martinez G. Vivier F. Galliano E.S. de la Fuente Gallego D. Zeglache P. Kuonen C. Caragiuli Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Computer Science Division Telecommunicaions Laboratory National and Technical University of Athens Greece Motorola Research Laboratories Paris France Motorola Technology Center Italy Torino Italy Telefónica Investigacion Desarrollo Madrid Spain Institut National Des Telecommunications Paris France University of Applied Sciences Valais Sion Switzerland OMNYS srl Vicenza Italy

This paper builds on the assumption that in the fourth generation (4G) wireless system context Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), mobile broadband systems (MBS) and digital broadcasting systems (DBS) can be three co-operating components that enable wireless access to IP-based services. Managing the resources of this powerful infrastructure in an aggregate manner and multi-operator scenario is a complex task. This paper presents an approach to the overall UMTS, MBS and DBS network and service management problem. Key points addressed are the development of open interfaces with service provider mechanisms and the heterogeneous managed infrastructure, performance monitoring, joint optimization of the UMTS, MBS and DBS resources in accordance with the service provider requests and the changing with time environment conditions. The architecture of a corresponding UMTS, MBS and DBS network and service management platform is presented, in terms of logical blocks, implementation options and validation approach.

关键词： Availability Resource management 3G mobile communication Satellite broadcasting Power system management Context-aware services Energy management Aggregates Environmental management Condition monitoring

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Characterization of low temperature, wafer-level gold-gold thermocompression bonds

Characterization of low temperature, wafer-level gold-gold t...

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Materials science of Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Devices II

作者： Tsau, Christine H. Schmidt, Martin A. Spearing, S. Mark Department of Materials Science and Engineering Microsystems Technology Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Microsystems Technology Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States

Low temperature, wafer-level bonding offers several advantages in MEMS packaging, such as device protection during aggressive processing/handling and the possibility of vacuum sealing. Although thermocompression bonding can be achieved with a variety of metals, gold is often preferred because of its acceptance in die bonding [1] and its resistance to oxidation. This study demonstrates that the simultaneous application of moderate pressure (0.5 MPa) and temperature (300°C) produces strong wafer-level bonds. A four-point bend-delamination technique was utilized to quantify bond toughness. Test specimens exhibited constant load versus displacement behavior during steady state crack propagation. Two distinct fracture modes were observed: cohesive failure within the Au and adhesive failure at the Ti-Si interface. The strain energy release rate for Au-Au fracture was found to be higher than that associated with Ti-Si fracture, consistent with the greater plastic deformation that occurs in the metal during fracture.

关键词： Gold

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Characterization of Low Temperature, Wafer-Level Gold-Gold Thermocompression Bonds

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2000年第1期605卷 171-176页

作者： Tsau, Christine H. Schmidtt, Martin A. Spearing, S. Mark Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Microsystems Technology Laboratories USA partment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Microsystems Technology Laboratories USA Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics USA

Low temperature, wafer-level bonding offers several advantages in MEMS packaging, such as device protection during aggressive processing/handling and the possibility of vacuum sealing. Although thermocompression bonding can be achieved with a variety of metals, gold is often preferred because of its acceptance in die bonding [1] and its resistance to oxidation. This study demonstrates that the simultaneous application of moderate pressure (0.5 MPa) and temperature (300°C) produces strong wafer-level bonds. A four-point benddelamination technique was utilized to quantify bond toughness. Test specimens exhibited constant load versus displacement behavior during steady state crack propagation. Two distinct fracture modes were observed: cohesive failure within the Au and adhesive failure at the Ti-Si interface. The strain energy release rate for Au-Au fracture was found to be higher than that associated with Ti-Si fracture, consistent with the greater plastic deformation that occurs in the metal during fracture.

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Planning and control of robot dextrous manipulation

Planning and control of robot dextrous manipulation

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ICRA 2000: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation

作者： Han, Li Li, Zexiang Trinkle, Jeff C. Qin, Zhiqiang Jiang, Shilong Department of Computer Science Texas A and M University College Station TX United States Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong China Intellligent Systems Principle Department Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM United States

Dextrous manipulation is a fundamental problem in the study of multifingered robotic hands. Given a robotic hand and an object to be manipulated by the hand in an environment filled with obstacles, the main objectives of dextrous manipulation are to have the hand grasp the object and transfer it from a start configuration to a goal configuration without collision. To fulfill such a task in general, we will need: (a) a manipulation planner to generate a feasible path for the hand;and (b) a controller to implement the planned path. In this overview paper, we define the manipulation planning problem and present a unified Control System Architecture for Multifingered Manipulation (CoSAM2). By incorporating the various kinematic and static relationships of a multifingered robotic hand system with proper sensory data inputs at different stages, CoSAM2 achieves the various objectives of dextrous manipulation. Theoretical background of the control system design along with real-time experimental results are described.

关键词： End effectors

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Ultrahigh resolution OCT using continuum generation in an air-silica microstructure optical fiber

Ultrahigh resolution OCT using continuum generation in an ai...

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International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena, UP 2000

作者： Hartl, I. Li, X.D. Chudoba, C. Fujimoto, J.G. Ranka, J.K. Windeler, R.S. Stentz, A.J. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies 700 Mountain Avenue Murray HillNJ070974 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1557526400

We demonstrate ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography using continuum generation in an air-silica microstructure fiber. Using bandwidths near 1.3 µm, longitudinal resolutions of 4.0 µm are achieved. This is the highest resolution imaging performed in this wavelength range and the first demonstration of this new technology for OCT. © 2000 Optical Society of America

关键词： Silica

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