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Review on calculation methods for rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular open channel design

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3019卷

作者： Faizal Agung Riyadi Mine Engineering Study Program Mine Engineering Department Faculty of Mineral Technology UPN Veteran Yogyakarta Special region of Yogyakarta Indonesia

A channel is constructed as a media for water to flow. Phases of plan, design, and construction of a channel require a lot of time, effort, and budget. Design and construction of a channel need to be suited to certain requirements and characteristics of the location. Changes of design parameters often occurred as a result of technical and economical considerations. It leads to changes of channel design to adapt to the new parameters. Hence, the needs of tool to ease the calculation of channel design. This paper reviewed the methods of channel design calculations thoroughly. In channel geometry design calculation, required parameters for channel design calculations are flow (Q), Chezy’s resistance factor (C), Darcy-Weisbach’s coefficient (f), or Manning’s roughness factor (n), and the channel base gradient (i). The objective of this research are channel design calculations and modelling, in addition profide a tool which is practical and easy to use. The methods are Chezy, Darchy-Weisbach, and Manning formula to calculate the design of varied channel type using Microsoft Excel software. Determinations of Chezy’s resistance factor (C), Darcy-Weisbach’s coefficient (f), can be related to Manning’s roughness factor (n) value. Manning’s roughness factor (n) can be estimated from the size of channel bed’s lining material particles (d) using certain formula or define the value dirrectly from Manning’s roughness factor table. This paper also discuss developed a tool for open channel design calculation and modelling“Kalkulator Desain Saluran – FAR”. The writers propose a new formula to estimate Manning’s roughness factor (n) value from the size of channel bed’s lining material particles (d). In addition, the writers propose formulas to directly calculate water level on the channel geometry section (y). The formula include coefficient of α which is based on relations of channel geometry parameters in to the formula of Chezy, Darchy-Weisbach, and Manning.

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Groundwater modeling in nickel mining of Langgikima, North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2598卷

作者： Tedy Agung Cahyadi Nur Ali Amri Kadek Nando Setiawan Muhammad Iqbal Ansori Sri Lastri Makarao Mining Engineering Study Program Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia Senior Mine Plan Engineer PT. Maha Bhakti Abadi Sulawesi Indonesia

Nickel mining activities with an open-pit mining system (surface mining) are considered as activities that have an impact on environmental damage. One issue is the impacts on groundwater. Therefore, accurate groundwater flow modeling is significant for the prevention and control of potential environmental damage. The research objectives were to build a conceptual model of the hydrogeology of the groundwater system using numerical methods, to calibrate the model by testing the Parameter Sensitivity Analysis (PSA), and to analyze the pattern of groundwater flow in the study area. The results showed that the aquifer system in the study area is a semi-unconfined aquifer. The lithology of the aquifer layer is dominated by a mixture of clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulder. Hydraulic conductivities of aquifer layers were 5×10-6 m/sec while the conductivities of the aquitards 1 and 2 were 1.4×10−7 m/sec, 5×10−8 m/sec. Additionally, the recharge of the modeled area was 1,253.35 mm/year. The results of the sensitivity analysis of the model are most sensitive to the decrease in hydraulic conductivity in ultramafic rocks. In contrast the recharge parameter, the model is most sensitive to the addition of recharge values. The groundwater flow pattern generally from the west to the east to the northeast part of the research area.

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Enhanced Persulfate Activation by Sulfur-Modified Fe3o4 Composites for Atrazine Degradation: Performance and Mechanism

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zheng, Han Du, Jiangkun Zhong, Hua Yuan, Qian Zhang, Jiaquan Kang, Wei Sun, Qingbin Tao, Min Xiao, Wensheng Dionysiou, Dionysios D. Huang, Ying Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Hubei Polytechnic University Huangshi435003 China School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310024 China School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University TempeAZ United States School of Environmental Science and Engineering Hubei Polytechnic University Huangshi435003 China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering 705 Engineering Research Center University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH45221-0012 United States

A novel sulfur-modified Fe3O4 composite (SF10) with excellent magnetic properties and core-shell structure was prepared via a solvothermal method. Compared with unmodified Fe3O4, SF10 exhibited excellent performance on the activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS) for atrazine degradation and maintained good reusability. According to the quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) test, hydroxyl radical (•OH) and sulfate radical (SO4•−) were the main active species. Characterizations revealed that sulfur modification introduced pyrite and pyrrhotite phases into Fe3O4 to improve the catalytic activity and electrical conductivity. Density functional theory calculations showed that sulfur modification enhanced the electron transfer from Fe3O4 to PDS and the adsorption of PDS on the catalyst surface, favoring the PDS activation. Moreover, the surface reducing sulfur species (≡S2− and ≡S22−) acted as the electron donor for Fe(II) regeneration, driving a faster Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox cycle of SF10 for the activation of PDS. This study provides insights of the synergism between sulfur and iron, and broadens the application of Fe3O4 in PDS-based advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetite

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GIS modeling using fuzzy logic approach in mineral prospecting based on geophysical data

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2016年第1期1711卷

作者： Harman Setyadi Lilik Eko Widodo Sudarto Notosiswoyo Putri Saptawati Arief Ismanto Iip Hardjana 1Doctorate Student Mine Engineering Study Program – Faculty of Mine and Petroleum Engineering Institute Technology Bandung Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 - INDONESIA 2Earth Resources Exploration Group - Faculty of Mine and Petroleum Engineering Institute Technology Bandung Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 – INDONESIA 3Informatics– STIE Institute Technology Bandung Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 - INDONESIA 4J. Resources Nusantara Equity Tower 48th floor SCBD. Jl. Jendral Sudirman Kav 52-53 Jakarta 12190 - INDONESIA

The geophysical exploration method is the superior over the project area due to the dense of vegetation and thick soil so very limited geological outcrops. Contrast of physical properties of every different rock type should be able to be distinguished by the geophysical data. Fuzzy logic approach and weight of evidence were used for geophysical data modeling. Posterior probability was used to calculate the weight of evidence (WofE) of every fuzzy map memberships. By combining each rock type model, the model provides better result compared from the model from mixed rock type on the data training. This method is able to eliminate the potential interference of different geophysical signature. So that, the understanding the geological feature of the area is key success for the mineral prosperity modeling. We verified the model by site visiting and drilling and it is estimated about 90% confident.

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Database Management and Quality Assurance is Key of Success in Exploration

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Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 2013年 6卷 42-49页

作者： Harman Setyadi Komang Anggayana Doctorate Student Mine Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mine and Petroleum Engineering Institute Technology Bandung Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 - INDONESIA Earth Resources Exploration Group - Faculty of Mine and Petroleum Engineering Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132

Exploration is the risky part in the mining business stage. The final goal of exploration is to discover an economic deposit in the certain area; generally by using the three main stages of exploration which are to find, to prove and then to evaluate the presence of minerals deposit. All the three tasks are required the exploration database which is commonly consisting of spatial information of raster, vector and point data. The different type of data is required different data handling as well as data storage system. To reduce the risk, exploration should be done phase by phase. Commonly every single phase of exploration have different propose, method and data collected. Understanding of the exploration business processes, activities and what kind of the data collected and/or required for every stage is important to design and improve the database system itself. In addition, the growing of information technology and computers science, and the increase of data exploration itself; the exploration evaluation will rely more on digital data processing. Database management and quality assurance awareness is critical to build the solid and correct exploration information for further analysis and evaluation of every exploration stages. The database is the primary input to create decision for further exploration stages.

关键词： Exploration Database Quality Assurance

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WARSHIPS AND COST CONSTRAINTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1986年第2期98卷 41-52页

作者： HOPE, JP STORTZ, VE Jan Paul Hope a native of Northern Virginia received his bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Virginia in 1969. Upon graduation he began his career in the Department of the Navy with the Naval Ship Systems Command in the acquisition of patrol craft mine sweepers and submarine rescue ships. In January 1971 he transferred to the ship arrangements branch of the Naval Ship Engineering Center. He was selected for the long-term training program at George Washington University in 1974 and completed the program in February 1976 with the degree of master of engineering administration. While at the Naval Ship Engineering Center Mr. Hope was general arrangement task leader on the AO-177 CG-47 CSGN CSGN (VSTOL) CGN-9 (Aegis) and CGN-42 and he also assisted in the landmark Naval Sea Systems Command civilian professional community study. In 1978 he was selected as acting head of the damage control section and subsequently was selected as acting head of the surface ship hydrodynamic section. In February 1980 he was promoted to head of the surface combatant arrangements design section. Mr. Hope was selected for the first class of the NA VSEA commander's development program. While on the program he served in the DDGX combat systems engineering division and the DDGX project office of NA VSEA was the assistant director for ship design in the office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for shipbuilding and logistics and was the director of weight engineering and the director of systems engineering for the DDG-51 project in NA VSEA. Upon completion of the program Mr. Hope was assigned as the deputy director of the boiler engineering division to create a new division as a major fleet support initiative by NA VSEA. In June 1985 he joined the staff of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for shipbuilding and logistics. Mr. Hope was presented the Department of the Navy meritorious civilian service medal in June 1983 for his service with the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the

This paper discusses the need and processes for designing warships to meet cost constraints and for managing warship acquisition programs during the design phase to assure effective adherence to production cost constraints by the design team. The resource control methodology used during the contract design of the Arleigh Burke class destroyer, DDG-51, is examined as a potential model for controlling the cost while maintaining the combat effectiveness of warships. The paper begins with a summary of the basic issue — the relationship among unit cost, unit capability, force level numbers, and force capability — showing recent trends in destroyer costs and force levels. This introduction also includes a discussion of the cost constraint for the DDG-51 in relation to historical trends and ship construction funding allocation. The resource control methodology used to reduce and control costs of the DDG-51 is discussed with a summary of the approach, key concepts and tools, chronology of key events, examples, and results achieved. A number of observations on this methodology are then made which are followed by comments on life cycle costs. The paper concludes with remarks on the future application of the resource control methodology and areas for further work to improve future resource control efforts.

关键词： WARSHIPS

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DESIGN FOR NEW-JERSEY, IOWA, AND DES-MOINES MODERNIZATION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第3期96卷 25-38页

作者： SIMS, PJ EDWARDS, JR DICKEY, RL SHULL, HS Philip J. Sims:graduated from Webb Institute in 1971 and went to work for the Advance Design Branch of the Naval Ship Engineering Center. He was part of the FFG-7 design team in 1972. The 1973–75 years were spent developing automated early-stage aircraft carrier design procedures and performing carrier design trade-off work in support of the CVV design. He returned to school in 1976 for a masters at M.I. T. The 1977–80 period was spent updating the Navy's destroyer-cruiser early-stage design procedures and performing studies for the CGN-42 reserve FFX and DDX (later DDG 51) projects. Also during this period he was team leader on concept formulation (CONFORM) studies of new ships such as a heavy combatant and a low detectability ship. From 1981 to early 1983 Mr. Sims was Design Integration Manager for the BB-62 and Ship Design Manager for the BB-61 and CA-134. He is presently principal naval architect for the FFX study and also works on the NA TO frigate effort. James F. Edwards Sr:.is the Technical Director Ship Analytics Inc. Washington D.C. Operations and was the Ship Design Manager for the battleship USSNew Jerseyprior to his departure from NAVSEA in August 1983. He joined the U.S. Navy Reserves in 1954 and served on active duty from 1957 to 1960. From 1961 to 1963 he worked for McLaughlin Research Corporation as a section head in the drafting department. From 1963 to 1966 he worked for the Vitro Corporation of America in the Terrier (surface missile systems) Department. In 1966 he participated in the contract design of the first shipboard integrated digital ASW Command and Control system while working for the Stanwick Corporation. In 1967 Mr. Edwards accepted a position at NAVSHIPS in the Combat System Integration Division. In 1974 he transferred to what is currently NAVSEA's Hull Design Division. In 1980 Mr. Edwards was designated as the Battleship and Heavy Cruiser General Arrangements Task Leader and subsequently served as the Hull Task Group Manager the Ship Configuration Control Manager and fina

In reactivating the battleship New Jersey , the Navy faced three major problems. The baseline data on the ship was not readily available or reliable, a new generation cruise missile armament was proposed, and the ship delivery schedule was very tight. After doing a feasibility study, system design engineers were taken onboard the mothballed ship to resolve the design problems. Being on the ship allowed an intensive effort and immediate reference to the actual ship configuration. The tools used to control this effort were a ship check plan, a ship check form and the master arrangement drawing. Simultaneously with the design effort, a repair scoping effort was conducted. The design evolution and solutions to the major problems are described. The results of the New Jersey effort are shown with sample documentation, the ship characteristics and the downstream design effort. The Iowa was the next ship to be modernized. The top level requirements were the same as New Jersey's but new problems were encountered. More options were investigated which diverted attention from the basic effort. A fundamental difference was the Iowa had not had a 1968 reactivation as the New Jersey had, so items that were repair and reactivation on the New Jersey in 1968 had to be part of the Iowa modernization. A major influence on the Iowa design process was that a complete set of specifications for a private yard bid had to be developed. The next effort was to install the same New Jersey modernization payload on a Des Moines class heavy cruiser. Heavy cruisers are large ships but significantly smaller than battleships and much closer to their naval architectural limits of weight and center of gravity. They have much less topside area than the battleships, and the new payload was very topside space consuming. The cruisers are also much more restricted in internal volume. Two feasibility studies were conducted. One resolved volume problems but approached the weight and center of gravity limits.

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DESIGN ASPECTS OF NEW SERD CATAPULT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1977年第1期89卷 55-67页

作者： BRACE, RL MCWADE, JE USN Capt. R.L. Brace: USN reported for active duty in the U.S. Naval Reserve in June 1945 and upon his release from active duty in 1948 entered Chaffey Junior College Ontario Calif. from which he received his Associate Degree in Engineering in June 1949. Subsequently he attended Purdue University from which he received his BS degree in Chemical Engineering in 1951 and while on a Westinghouse Research Fellowship his MS degree in Engineering in 1952. He joined Phillips Petroleum Co. in Oklahoma as a research engineer with the Jet Fuel Research Group upon receiving the latter degree and while so serving obtained 12 patents. In January 1955 he was recalled to active duty and reported to Officers Candidate School. Newport R.I. Upon being commissioned in the U.S. Naval Reserve in May of that year he began his flight training at the Naval Air Training Command ultimately being designated a Naval Aviator and augumented into the regular Navy in 1956. He served with four carrier-based attack squadrons including three combat tours and in 1962 completed a duty assignment with the U.S. Army in South Vietnam. Other assignments include Catapult and Arresting Gear Officer USS Enterprise (CVN-65) duty on the Staff. Commander Naval Air Force. U.S. Atlantic Fleet: Assistant Chief of Staff for Material Task Force 78 during the mine countermeasure operations in North Vietnam Officer-in-Charge. Fleet Air Western Pacific Repair Activity Cubi Point P.I.: and Head. Aircraft Launch and Recovery Equipments Branch Ship Installations Division. Naval Air Systems Command from 1974 to 1976 during which he had full responsibility for all shore-based and shipboard aircraft launching and recovery systems and was Acquisition Manager for the SERD Catapult Program. Capt. Brace who was designated an Aeronautical Engineering Duty Officer in 1964. is a graduate of the U.S. Navy Test Pilot School the Naval War College and the Defense Systems Management School and his military decorations include the Meritorious Service Award the Air Me

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