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SSRN 2024年

作者： Sayson, Luce Vida A. Taaca, Kathrina Lois M. Madera, Rozen Grace B. Vasquez, Magdaleno R. Regulacio, Michelle D. Materials Science and Engineering Program College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines Institute of Chemistry College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines

This study presents a simple benchtop synthetic protocol for the fabrication of silver (Ag) nanostructures in aqueous media using environmentally friendly and inexpensive reagents under mild experimental conditions. Natural organic acids that are known to be present in plants were employed as reducing and morphology-directing reagents. SEM and TEM imaging revealed that the resultant nanostructures are three-dimensional hierarchical structures that were formed from self-assembly of smaller nanoparticles. They are generally spherical in shape and possess highly roughened surfaces due to the interstitial gaps between their nanoparticle subunits. Their hierarchical architecture allows for strong absorption of light in a broad range of wavelengths that extends to the near-infrared region. In addition, their surface morphology has an abundance of hot spot regions, which are capable of inducing strong SERS enhancement effects. The green-synthesized Ag nanostructures showed remarkable SERS activity when used as substrates for the detection of rhodamine 6G dye, a highly toxic water contaminant. Overall, this study does not only provide a greener approach to hierarchical Ag nanostructures, but also demonstrates theimmense potential of these nanostructures in the sensitive detection of organic dyepollutants. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Substrates

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Application of Artificial Intelligence in Forecasting Geothermal Production 9

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Forecasting Geothe...

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9th ITB International Geothermal Workshop 2020, IIGW 2020

作者： Wardoyo, Galih Kusumo Pratama, Heru Berian Sutopo Ashat, Ali Yudhistira, Yodha Geothermal Engineering Master's Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Jl. Trunojoyo No.135 Jakarta Indonesia

A reservoir is the main asset of a geothermal business. Decreasing reservoir performance affects the sustainability of production in the future. In planning future production strategies, forecasting production projections are used with the assumption of particular parameter values. A reservoir is a porous media with a heterogeneous nature with a high degree of uncertainty, so using a specific production forecasting method's assumption parameter becomes inaccurate. This study aims to develop alternative methods for optimizing and estimating geothermal production by eliminating assumptions. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an alternative method that can be used to predict reservoir productions that has properties with a high degree of uncertainty and can be used to optimize production. The AI model was created using measurement data of production parameters at the steam dominated geothermal field in Patuha, Indonesia. AI models in estimating geothermal reservoir production are more accurate in calculating production projections because they use real field data and eliminate assumptions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Forecasting

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Hazard Study of Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Systems in the Palm Oil Industry in Ecuador

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Malacatus Cobos, Paúl Nicandro Paucar Escobar, Mishell Alejandra Romero, Inmaculada Water and Environmental Engineering University Research Institute Universitat Politècnica de València Spain Quito 170507 Ecuador Environmental Engineering Program School of Geological Mining Petroleum and Environmental Engineering Central University of Ecuador Ecuador Quito 170302 Ecuador

The extraction of crude oil from the palm fruit generates large amounts of solid and liquid waste such as residual water and sludge. The non-use of this sludge contributes to an environmental problem. The objective of the research was to analyze the degree of danger of the sludge generated in the wastewater treatment system in the palm oil extraction industry, through a CRETIB analysis that consists of determining: corrosivity, reactivity, explosivity, toxicity, flammability, infectious biological of the residual sludge generated. Sampling was carried out in accordance of the technical standards NTE INEN-ISO 5667-13 and NTE INEN -ISO5667-15, obtaining representative samples to be analyzed in the laboratory. The results obtained from each parameter were compared with the maximum permissible limits of the Mexican Standard NOM-004-SEMARNAT-2002, obtaining values lower than the maximum permissible limits, therefore, they are considered non-hazardous waste, which can be used for agricultural use. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Palm oil

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Waste-to-energy technology suitability assessment for the treatment and disposal of medical, industrial, and electronic residual wastes in metropolitan manila, Philippines 15

Waste-to-energy technology suitability assessment for the tr...

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ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, ES 2021

作者： Manegdeg, Reynald Ferdinand Rollon, Analiza Ballesteros, Florencio Magdaluyo, Eduardo De Sales-Papa, Louernie Clemente, Eligia Macapinlac, Emma Iba ez, Roderaid Cervera, Rinlee Butch Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Energy Engineering Program College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Environmental Engineering Program College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines

ISBN: (纸本)9780791884881

Sanitary landfill is considered as a final repository of residual wastes. However, there is a need for volume reduction to increase the lifespan of the landfill and to stabilize these wastes to prevent environmental and health hazards. A possible option to achieve these objectives is a waste-to-energy (WtE) facility that can significantly reduce residual waste volume and generate electricity at the same time. In Metropolitan Manila, Philippines, there is no existing WtE facility for the treatment of residual wastes. In this study, the technical feasibility of a WtE plant for residual wastes from medical, industrial, and electronic sectors in the Metropolis is assessed. A multi-attribute decision analysis method was used in the selection of the most appropriate waste conversion and power generation technology for residual waste. Seven waste conversion technologies were compared according to overall efficiency, waste reduction rate, maximum capacity, reliability, lifespan, energy conversion cost, and environmental emissions. Four power generation technologies were then ranked according to efficiency, cost, footprint, work ratio, emissions, and complexity. The pyrolysis-Brayton plant was found to be the most suitable WtE plant for the identified residual waste. To determine WtE capacity, a waste analysis characterization study was conducted in wastes from health care facilities, manufacturing plants and treatment, storage and disposal facilities in Metropolitan Manila. Representative samples were obtained from these sectors to determine the generation rate and waste composition of residual wastes. Empirical, literature, and manufacturer's data were used to calculate for product yield, energy requirement and energy yield for each sectoral waste. Based on the energy yield estimates, the WtE power plant was simulated at capacities of 1, 3, and 10 tons per day (tpd) for the three residual waste sectors. The 10 tpd plant simulation for medical and industrial waste resulted

关键词： Pyrolysis

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Synthesis and characterization of chicken feather derived rachis fiber-bamboo particulate hybrid reinforced epoxy composites for sustainable structural applications

Journal of Responsible Production and Consumption

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Journal of Responsible Production and Consumption 2024年第1期1卷 1-17页

作者： Isiaka Oluwole Oladele Omoye Oseyomon Odemilin Samson Oluwagbenga Adelani Anuoluwapo Samuel Taiwo Olajesu Favor Olanrewaju Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Akure Nigeria and Department of Chemical and Mining Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Akure Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado USA Department of School of Aerospace Transport and Manufacturing School of Aerospace Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield University Cranfield UK Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USA

Purpose This paper aims to reduce waste management and generate wealth by investigating the novelty of combining chicken feather fiber and bamboo particles to produce hybrid biocomposites. This is part of responsible production and sustainability techniques for sustainable development goals. This study aims to broaden animal and plant fiber utilization in the sustainable production of epoxy resins for engineering applications. Design/methodology/approach This research used two reinforcing materials [chicken feather fiber (CFF) and bamboo particles (BP)] to reinforce epoxy resin. The BPs were kept constant at 6 Wt.%, while the CFF was varied within 3–15 Wt.% in the composites to make CFF-BP polymer-reinforced composite (CFF-BP PRC). The mechanical experiment showed a 21% reduction in densities, making the CFF-BP PRC an excellent choice for lightweight applications. Findings It was discovered that fabricated composites with 10 mm CFF length had improved properties compared with the 15 mm CFF length and pristine samples, which confirmed that short fibers are better at enhancing randomly dispersed fibers in the epoxy matrix. However, the ballistic properties of both samples matched. There is a 40% increase in tensile strength and a 54% increase in flexural strength of the CFF-BP PRC compared to the pristine sample. Originality/value According to the literature review, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is a novel study of chicken fiber and bamboo particles in reinforcing epoxy composite.

关键词： Green composite Sustainability Rachis fiber Bamboo particles Clean environment

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Hypocenter Determination using a Non-Linear Method in Bali, Lombok, and Nusa Tenggara Regions: Preliminary Result 9

Hypocenter Determination using a Non-Linear Method in Bali, ...

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9th Asian Physics Symposium 2021, APS 2021

作者： Priyambada, F.R. Nugraha, A.D. Supendi, P. Master Program of Earth Sciences Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Global Geophysics Research Group Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Jakarta10720 Indonesia

Bali, Lombok, and Nusa Tenggara are the region in the south of the Indonesia Archipelago. This region has relatively high seismicity due to subduction activity and faulting. The first step of the tomography study for inferring the geometry structure beneath Bali, Lombok, and Nusa Tenggara is to conduct precise hypocenter location. In this study, we used waveform data from the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG), which the study area is between 1120 - 1280 E and 40 - 130 S. Our preliminary results, we have re-picked 7,967 P-wave and 3,254 S-wave arrival times for 933 events in the period from January to March 2019. The non-linear method was conducted using the oct-tree sampling algorithm from the NLLoc program to determine the hypocenter's location. We also compared the results with BMKG catalog data. Our results show better clustering earthquakes with RMS error mostly close to zero and represent the geological structure in this region. The results show a shift in the location of the epicenters between 0.1 km to 1000 km, while for the focus depth between 0.006 - 500 km, with the azimuth shift being dominated to the northeast and southwest. The future and ongoing works, we will conduct a tomography study to imaging 3-D seismic velocity models beneath Bali, Lombok, and Nusa Tenggara regions using the fast-marching method. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Tomography

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Incremental Development Strategy of Geothermal Field Using Wellhead Unit Technology: Case Study Ulumbu Geothermal Field 9

Incremental Development Strategy of Geothermal Field Using W...

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9th ITB International Geothermal Workshop 2020, IIGW 2020

作者： Idianto, Onny Saptadji, Nenny Miryani Ashat, Ali Pratama, Heru Berian Nusiaputra, Yodha Yudhistra Geothermal Engineering Master's Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Jl. Trunojoyo No. 135 Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Indonesia

Geothermal development in Indonesia is still dominated by the utilization of conventional geothermal power plants with large capacities. Generally, it requires a long time development phase and often experiences delays before an operation. This study aims to provide alternative field development options with an incremental development strategy. This study was conducted to show how a wellhead unit's effective incremental development strategy compared to conventional power plants by applying the probability approach for the Ulumbu geothermal field's case study in East Nusa Tenggara. Besides, this study also provides a comprehensive economic condition of the obtained revenue and project investment costs. Therefore, geothermal power plant development could be more feasible and minimize the barriers in the investment. The methods used in this study is a technical and economic approach, from total project investment cost and the financial return achieved for each development strategy. The technical analysis compares the power plant's specific steam consumption (SSC) and the generated capacity. The total investment is determined for different development strategies of 40 MW (conventional) scenario 2×20 MW, 40 MW (incremental) scenario 8×5 MW, and 40 MW (incremental) scenario 16×2.5 MW using condensing power plant. The economic analysis shows P50 for the investment cost in millions of US$/MW is 5.84, 5.58, and 5.60, respectively. Regarding the tariff-based, which is 80% under Average Cost of Electricity Generation (BPP) of the relevant local grid, P50 for the Rate of Return is 16.85%, 17.33% 17.21%, respectively. Evaluation done by comparing investment cost, economic parameters, tariff variation, and risk assessment, for incremental development scenarios of 8×5 MW and 16×25 MW is feasible as development alternative scenario of Ulumbu field. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Economic analysis

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Preliminary study of increasing added value in basalt rocks as raw material for making basalt fiber (Fiber Basalt Reinforced Composite)

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3065卷

作者： Y. Yuliadi Zaenal Elfida Moralista Noufal Abhinaya Maya Almaniar Zulhi Wibiyana Mining Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Islamic University of Bandung Bandung Indonesia

West Java has mining materials from volcanic activities including andesite and basalt. This mining materialis used conventionally as a building (construction) material which is still in the form of ’raw materials’ or ’semi-finished’ so that its use is only carried out simply and the selling value is low. To increase its selling value, basalt rock can be used as a composite construction material in the form of fibers, including composites with the strengthening of basalt fibers (Fiber Basalt Reinforced Composite). This study aims to see the characteristics of basalt rocks that can be made fibers in 3 locations in the Bandung area (Gunung Bohong, Cipatik and Batu Templek) including the characteristics of chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties and mineral composition. The research methodology was carried out by a comparative method by looking at the characteristics of other basalt rocks that can already be used as basalt fibers, namely chemical composition (Al2O3 and SiO2) with the XRF method, testing physical (density) and mechanical properties (tensile strength and Elastic Modulus) and mineral composition with petrography analysis methods by looking at the plagioclase mineral. Based on chemical analysis, of the three samples studied, they were included in the criteria for basalt rocks that can be used for the manufacture of basalt fibers, but in these samples there were chemical compounds that were not included in the criteria, namely the Fe2O3 + FeO and MgO compounds. Then the characteristics of physical properties that are included in the criteria for making basalt fibers are in the Cipatik and Batu Templek samples. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties that are included in the criteria are in the Gunung Bohong and Cipatik samples. Furthermore, for petrography testing, it was concluded that the mineral composition in the three samples studied contained plagioclase minerals by 100%. Thus it can be indicated that the type of rock is basalt rock – and

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Study of chlorine removal from shredder residue: Thermal dechlorination and water leaching

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

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Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment 2024年 6卷

作者： Manera, Christian Perondi, Daniele Restelatto, Danielle Godinho, Marcelo Vilela, Antônio Cezar Faria Graduate Program in Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Rio Grande do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Rio Grande do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil

Shredder residue (SR) is an inevitable waste in the production of steel by scrap melting, and the presence of chlorine is the main responsible for its non-use of energy. This study aimed to remove chlorine from SR by thermal dechlorination and water leaching. Thermal dechlorination was first studied from a PVC sample to evaluate the optimum parameters of temperature, heating rate, residence time and atmosphere (N₂ or steam). Under optimal conditions for PVC dechlorination, chlorine removals of 73.7 (N₂) and 68.0% (steam) were achieved. Optimal parameters were applied to thermal dechlorination of a Brazilian SR with a chlorine content of 2.12 wt%. Reductions in chlorine content to 0.95 and 0.51 wt% were observed with N₂ and steam atmospheres, respectively. In an additional evaluation (conducted also with the Brazilian SR and in order to investigate the reactor rotation effect), it was observed that the reactor rotation does not influence the release of chlorine during the thermal treatment but modifies the granulometry of the produced solid. Samples obtained from this test were subjected to a water leaching study to further reduce the chlorine content. The parameters studied were the type of water (tap and distilled), granulometry and carbonation (contact with CO₂) in a total of five washing cycles. Carbonation and use of distilled water achieved the highest chlorine removal resulting in a reduction of chlorine content from 1.13 to 0.45 wt%. The obtained results show directions for chlorine removal aiming at the energetic use of shredder residue. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Carbonation Chlorine leaching Design of experiment Polyvinyl chloride Shredder residue

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Characterization of Binder, Mastic, and Fam Film Thickness within Asphalt Concrete Mixtures

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： de Souza, Thiago Delgado Enríquez-León, Alexis Jair Mesquita, Andressa Rosa da Fonseca Martins Gomes, Otávio Ulsen, Carina Underwood, Benjamin Shane Aragão, Francisco Thiago Sacramento Civil Engineering Program - COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro21941-596 Brazil Transportation Engineering Program - COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro21941-596 Brazil Center for Mineral Technology - CETEM Rio de Janeiro21941-908 Brazil Mining and Petroleum Engineering Program - POLI-USP Universidade of São Paulo São Paulo05508-010 Brazil Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering Program North Carolina State University Raleigh27695-7908 United States

Aggregate particles within an asphalt mixture are coated in a thin film of binder. Several studies and even mix design procedures have been based on an implied correlation between the binder film thickness (BFT) and the mechanical properties of these mixtures. Those studies generally define the BFT based on a predictive equation linked to one or more theoretical considerations, but without direct experimental determination of the BFT. However, recent developments of powerful scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) and digital image processing (DIP) techniques allow one to perform detailed analysis of microstructural images and thus directly measure the BFT value. This paper presents an analysis of BFT and mastic film thickness (MFT) within asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures using high-resolution SEM images and DIP. Based on this methodology, the measured mean BFT and MFT values ranged from 5.6 µm to 10.8 µm, and from 20.8 µm to 28.2 µm, respectively. Additionally, a BFT analysis considering fine aggregate matrix (FAM) phase within the ACs was pursued. A criterion to obtain FAM BFT is proposed and it can be useful in volumetric FAM mix design and sample fabrication. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Film thickness

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