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Production of bioinsecticide from durian peel waste and Dioscorea hispida tuber extract by ultrasonic-assisted extraction

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2710卷

作者： Hasna Nisrina Sumayyah Widya Rahmanisa Fitri Tania Surya Utami Rita Arbianti Bioprocess Engineering Study Program Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia

A new armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is rapidly spreading and causing damage to corn crops in Indonesia, thus prompting the need to control the pest with an effective, yet environmentally friendly pest control method, such as bioinsecticide. Natural raw materials like durian peel waste and Dioscorea hispida tuber can be processed to produce a natural bioinsecticide. To discover the optimum processing condition for bioinsecticide production, research is conducted to find the effective solvent material and concentration in ultrasonic-assisted extraction methods. Durian peel waste is extracted using ethanol 30% and methanol 70% as solvents with the ratio variation of 1:0, 0:1, 1:1, 1:2, 2:1. Meanwhile, Dioscorea hispida tubers are extracted with various ethanol concentrations as solvents (ethanol 50%, 70%, 80%, absolute, and distilled water). The result shows that the most effective solvent for durian peel waste extraction is a 2:1 ratio of ethanol and methanol, with the optimum yield of 12.58%. The result also shows that Dioscorea hispida tuber is best extracted with distilled water, yielding 34.70%. The efficacy test concludes that the best solvent variation for pest elimination is a 0:1 ratio of ethanol and methanol durian peel waste and ethanol 80% for Dioscorea hispida tuber. The LC-MS/MS test results identified that alkaloid, flavonoid, and fatty acid compounds potentially caused larvae mortality.

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The influence of aging time variations on the fatigue life of aluminum alloy 2024-T351

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3053卷

作者： I. Made Astika I. Ketut Suarsana Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Negara Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Badung Bali 80361 Indonesia

Aluminum and its alloys are used to make a number of automotive components. It is due to aluminum’s light weight, anti-corrosiveness, formability, and affordable price. However, numerous procedures have been carried out to boost its strength due to mechanical characteristics, one of which is artificial aging. The effects of aging on the fatigue life of aluminum 2024-T351 will be examined in this study. The technique of treating the solution involved heating it to 500 oC for an hour and then immediately cooling it to room temperature. By reheating the aluminum alloy to 180 oC and maintaining heat there for a variety of 2, 4, and 6 hours, the fake aging process was continued. The goal was to obtain various precipitation types in anticipation of an increase in the material’s fatigue life. Then, a reversed bending test was carried out with loads of 1.0, 0.9, 0.7, 0.5, and 0.4 σu. The results of the study indicated that aging time had an influence on the fatigue life of aluminum alloy 2024-T351. Fatigue life lengthens with increasing aging time. The increase in fatigue life ranges from 13.3–63.3% compared to aluminum without heat treatment.

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Optimization of Certainty Factor Algorithm to Overcome Uncertainty in Expert System Identification of Pests and Diseases of Cocoa

Optimization of Certainty Factor Algorithm to Overcome Uncer...

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Electronic and Electrical engineering and Intelligent System (ICE3IS), International Conference on

作者： Rakhmat Dedi Gunawan Imam Ahmad Parjito Harry Anggono Ego Hengki Vernando Firman Jaya Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia Bandarlampung Indonesia Information Technology Education Study Program STKIP PGRI Situbondo Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665465427

Lampung Province is one of the regions with the highest cocoa production, but many factors can interfere with cocoa production. One of them is the factor of pests and diseases of cocoa that cannot be identified and prevented beforehand. An expert system is a system that adopts expert knowledge or experts in a particular field. However, the diagnosis usually contains uncertainty in the form of answers and statements used. Certainty Factor (CF) algorithm, is one of the algorithms that is able to overcome uncertainty by providing a value for the level of trust from experts and users. However, because the CF value is based on the level of confidence in the symptoms experienced by the user, it creates a problem, namely the consistency of the user's answers. So, it is necessary to make improvements to the CF algorithm, to overcome the inconsistency of user answers through the use of Consistency Ratio (CR). Through the use of CR, inconsistencies are overcome through comparisons between the consistency index and the random index. Based on the results of the accuracy test, the proposed model is able to produce an accuracy rate of 86.67% in the diagnosis of pests and diseases on cocoa plants.

关键词： Electrical engineering Deep learning Uncertainty Production Indexes Expert systems Intelligent systems

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Characterization of a thermostable-organic solvent-tolerant lipase from thermotolerant Rhizopus sp. strain PKC12B2 isolated from palm kernel cake

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 9卷

作者： Riyadi, Fatimah Azizah Alam, Md Zahangir Salleh, Md Noor Salleh, Hamzah Mohd Hidayatullah, Ibnu Maulana Hara, Hirofumi Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia West Java Depok 16424 Indonesia Bioprocess Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia West Java Depok 16424 Indonesia Research Center for Biomass Valorization Universitas Indonesia West Java Depok 16424 Indonesia Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Centre (BERC) Department of Biotechnology Engineering Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 53100 Malaysia Department of Biotechnology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan

In this work, a new thermostable and organic solvent-tolerant lipase produced from Rhizopus sp. strain PKC12B2 was characterized to evaluate its activity and stability toward pH, temperature, organic solvents, and surfactants. The catalytic efficiency of the produced enzyme was also analyzed through enzyme kinetics study. Produced lipase exhibits remarkable stability at pH 8.0 to pH 10.0 and shows optimum activity at pH 9.0, demonstrating alkali lipase properties. Lipase has an optimum temperature of 45 °C and possesses significant thermal stability in the temperature range between 45 and 55 °C. Exceptional enzyme stability was also demonstrated in the presence of both polar solvents, such as glycerol, isopropanol and acetone, as well as non-polar solvents, such as cyclohexane and heptane up to 30 % (v/v) solvent concentration, where the enzyme retained more than 80 % activity after 1-h pre-incubation. For methanol, ethanol, and n-octanol, the relative activity of lipase was highly stable in the presence of up to 20 % (v/v) solvent concentration. Na⁺, Zn²⁺, and Fe³⁺ ions significantly stimulate the lipase activity at a final concentration of 10 mM. Lipase also demonstrated stimulatory effects towards a broad concentration range (0.2–1 %) of surfactants Tween 80 and Triton X-100. The Linearized Michaelis-Menten model in the form of Lineweaver-Burk (R² = 0.995) and Hanes-Woolf (R² = 0.996) models was found to successfully display the enzyme kinetics, in which the former generated Km and V_max of 1.965 mM and 4.51 mM/min respectively, while the latter generated Km and V_max of 1.295 mM and 3.389 mM/min, respectively. These new enzyme attributes demonstrate its great potential in biotechnology applications, such as for detergent formulations, biodiesel production and organic synthesis industries. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Characterization Lipase Rhizopus sp. strain PKC12B2 Thermostable-organic solvent-tolerant enzyme

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Comparative Analysis of the Influence of Different Preparation Methods on the Properties of TEMPO-Oxidized Bacterial Cellulose Powder Films

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Journal of Natural Fibers 2024年第1期21卷

作者： Rahmadiawan, Dieter Shi, Shih-Chen Abral, Hairul Ilham, Mohammad Khalid Sugiarti, Eni Muslimin, Ahmad Novi Ilyas, R.A. Lapisa, Remon Putra, Nandy Setiadi Djaya Tainan Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Negeri Padang Sumatera Barat Padang Indonesia Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Andalas University Sumatera Barat Padang Indonesia Research Collaboration Center for Nanocellulose BRIN-Andalas University Padang Indonesia Serpong Banten Indonesia Weaponry Technology Study Program Defense Technology Faculty Indonesia Defense University Bogor Indonesia School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia Heat Transfer Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia

The preparation method of cellulose films plays a vital role in their properties. This work aims to characterize 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized bacterial cellulose powder (TOBCP) films prepared with three different methods (casting, boiling-casting, and boiling-vacuum). It is found that film by casting (CT film) shows the best electrical properties. A light-emitting diode (LED) in a direct current circuit connected to the CT film glows the most brightly. However, this film had lower tensile strength and thermal stability than films from boiling and boiling-vacuum techniques. The boiling-vacuum film presents the most compact fiber structure and the highest tensile and thermal properties. This film also shows the lowest electrical properties and the dimmest LED light. These results demonstrate the TOBCP properties from different methods that can be used to prepare film with desirable properties. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Light emitting diodes

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Geology Assessment of Permeability Distribution in Silangkitang Geothermal Field, North Sumatra, Indonesia 9

Geology Assessment of Permeability Distribution in Silangkit...

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9th ITB International Geothermal Workshop 2020, IIGW 2020

作者： Satya, Drestanta Yudha Suryantini Astra, Doddy Sarulla Operations Ltd. Energy Building SCBD Lot 11A Jakarta12190 Indonesia Geothermal Engineering Master's Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia

The Silangkitang (SIL) geothermal system is a fault-controlled and liquid-dominated reservoir associated to a deep heat source. Geology data from recent development drilling and reservoir monitoring demonstrated that the high permeability is concentrated within zone between two strands of Great Sumatra Fault (GSF). These faults are major dextral strike slip system that cross the entire length of Sumatra Island. The fault distribution has been defined by integration and interpretation of tectonic geomorphology, surface geology, and well geology. The highest permeability is controlled by faults and fractures associated with localized releasing steps within west of main Tor Sibohi Fault (TSF). This paper outlines the indication of high permeability zone based on recent geology evaluation outcome. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Geothermal fields

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A Modified Non- Isothermal Lumped Parameter Model in Porous Media for Geothermal Reservoirs 9

A Modified Non- Isothermal Lumped Parameter Model in Porous ...

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9th ITB International Geothermal Workshop 2020, IIGW 2020

作者： Firanda, Eric Pasaribu, Fernando Sutopo Pratama, Heru Berian Geothermal Engineering Master's Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Pertamina Geothermal Energy Skyline Building Jl. MH Thamrin No.9 Jakarta Indonesia

This paper presents a method to predict geothermal performance along production life using a lumped parameter model that has considered mass balance, heat changes, and porous media flow in geothermal reservoirs. Furthermore, the lumped model provides more information on the characteristics of geothermal reservoirs. This paper focuses on developed and combined Satman's model on mass balance and Schilthuis's model on material balance for oil reservoirs. This paper can calculate heat and mass balance for the non-isothermal condition with pressure and temperature changes, unlike previously published papers. Besides, this paper also includes Darcy's equation to change the "tank"concept of lumped to be porous media as an actual reservoir condition. Thus the production mass rate can be calculated. The model developed can be used for performing history matching, "quick count' of numerical simulation due to there is calculation well by well, if those combined, can determine an entire reservoir with a simple calculation. On the other hand, this method reduces the complexity of numerical calculation. Therefore, new lumped is expected to be an alternative for application in geothermal reservoirs. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Porous materials

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The comparison of road network performance before and after the implementation of one-way system using prediction model

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2838卷

作者： Alfia Magfirona Nurul Hidayati Ari Wibowo Sri Sunarjono Budi Yulianto Civil Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Indonesia Civil Engineering Master Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Indonesia Transportation Agency of Surakarta Indonesia Dinas Perhubungan Surakarta Indonesia

One-way traffic networks maybe force drivers to bypass blockages to reach their destinations, potentially increasing trip distances. However, it is beneficial for anticipating some traffic problems in most urban traffic conditions—only a few studies concerned the regression approach for predicting road network performance models. As a result, this research aims to use the regression method to forecast the performance model of the road network before and after one-way traffic system implementation. The derived model equations are compared to see which ones substantially impact the road network’s performance. This study relies on secondary data from performance assessments of 26 roads before and after the system during morning peak hours of 06:30–07:30 AM. The independent variables (X) are data from segment analysis used, i.e., Volume (X1), Speed (X2), and Volume (X4), whereas the dependent variable (Y) is Level of Service. By attempting the model prediction multivariate linear regression modeling before the system, Y = 5.647 – 4.376X1+0.009X2+0.0003X4 tend better than others. It provided a more significant impact on LOS than other models provided by R-value 0.951 is higher than the other models. The R-square value is 0.904, which means that 90.4% of LOS is influenced by DS, V, and Q factors. Further research is needed to conduct in the form of additional other factors that can affect LOS.

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The profile of pempek as a determining factor of quality, originality and ethnicity

The profile of pempek as a determining factor of quality, or...

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International Conference on Science and Technology Applications 2019, ICoSTA 2019

作者： Supriadi, A. Saputra, D. Priyanto, G. Baehaki, A. Pambayun, R. Doctoral Stud. at the Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sriwijaya Indonesia Agricultural Engineering Study Program Faculty of Agriculture Agricultural Product Technology Study Program Faculty of Agriculture Fishery Product Technology Study Program Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sriwijaya Palembang30139 Indonesia

Pempek is a traditional ethnic food originated from Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Currently, there is not exist any profiles which could be used as a determining factor for quality, originality, and ethnicity of pempek. The objective of this research was to obtain the chemical profile of pempek as a determining factor of quality, originality and ethnicity. The samples were collected from the ten famous branded vendors in Palembang. The fish used in making pempek of the samples are snake head fish, Spanish mackerel, and the mix of snake head and Spanish mackerel. The type of pempek used in this experiment was steamed cook pempek lenjer (cylindrical) type. The analysis was performed at a KAN accredited laboratory. It was found that the energy content of pempek used in this experiment was in the range of 125 to 160 kkal/100 g sample and all the pempek used had a 0% of fat. All pempek used had 17 types of amino acid, and all of them had an essential amino acid. The significant finding was that the concentration of glutamic acid was 200% of the concentration of common concentration which indicated that all the vendors used artificial mono-sodium glutamate to improve the taste of pempek. It was concluded that the chemical profile found on this research could be used as database for creating a standard of identity of pempek. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Fish

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Laboratory test on pullout capacity of winged box anchor for expansive soil

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3145卷

作者： Tiorivaldi Tiorivaldi Yusep Muslih Purwana Bambang Setiawan Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia Civil Engineering Postgraduate Study Program Faculty of Engineering Surakarta Indonesia

Expansive soil is one type of problematic soil, overly sensitive to changes in moisture content. This soil has the characteristics of large shrinkage expansion due to changes in pore volume which can cause lifting forces on existing construction can cause damage to the construction. This research aims to analyze the tensile capacity by using a winged box anchor against expansive soil expected to overcome the problem of swelling in expansive soil. The research was conducted experimentally at the Soil Mechanics Laboratory of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. The materials used in this test were sand and expansive soil taken from Sambungmacan, Sragen, Central Java. The main test equipment used in this test is a steel cylindrical tube. A winged box anchor with a size of 7x7x30 cm is embedded in a steel cylindrical tube containing 75 cm of sand in the bottom layer and 25 cm of expansive soil in the top layer. Then the expansive soil is gradually moistened with water until it reaches a moisture content of 50% to determine its effect on the swelling value. The results of this modeling show that the winged box anchors are promising to reduce the swelling behavior of expansive soil.

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