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Alternative determination of customer classification of wastewater management services

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3110卷

作者： Ida Ayu Rai Widhiawati Ngakan Made Anom Wiryasa Dewa Ketut Sudarsana Kadek Diana Harmayani Doctor of Engineering Study Program Udayana University Denpasar Indonesia Department of Doctoral Program Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Denpasar Indonesia

To fulfill the operating and maintenance costs of waste water management in Bali, Bali Provincial Regulation No. 2 of 2011 concerning Public Service Retribution, where the manager began to collect wastewater levies starting from September 2011. However, from 2011 to 2021 there was still no change in rates. In real conditions, it was found that household customers and the lodging sector did not match the registered classification. The purpose of this research is to design a new customer classification and levy rates that can meet the needs for the operation and maintenance of centralized wastewater management. The results of this study found that 26.67% of households and 82.35% of non-star hotels were not by their classification. Two household alternatives and one alternative for the lodging sector were designed to increase equitable income for the community. The alternative category of household classification assessment uses an assessment category based on the type of house (design I) and income (design II). In the classification of the lodging sector, star hotels are divided into 4 & 5-star hotels, and 1 – 3-star hotels (design III). The results of the income for the first-third design increased by 33.68%; 25.25%; and 25.39%.

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Membrane derived from pineapple biowaste for water filtration in aquaculture environment: Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticle

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2025年 11卷

作者： Yanuhar, Uun Suryanto, Heru Wijaya, Husni Wahyu Binoj, Joseph Selvi Aminnudin, Aminnudin Caesar, Nico Rahman Osman, Azlin Fazlina Nusantara, Fajar Eqisetia Utari, Inpita Casuarina Study Program of Aquatic Resources Management Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Brawijaya University East Java Indonesia Centre Excellent for Cellulose Composite (CECCom) Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang East Java Malang Indonesia Department of Chemistry Universitas Negeri Malang East Java Malang Indonesia Institute of Mechanical Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University Chennai India Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Malaysia

This study evaluates bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes reinforced with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) derived from pineapple biowaste. While BC membranes are widely studied, their use in aquaculture and ZnO reinforcement remains underexplored. Membranes were synthesized with 0.25–1.0 wt% ZnO-NP and characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, tensile strength, antibacterial activity, filtration efficacy, and analysis using one-way ANOVA. Results showed ZnO-NP enhanced membrane crystallinity and tensile strength, with 0.25 wt% being optimal. The membranes exhibited improved antibacterial activity, reducing bacterial content by 90.6 % and contaminants by 57 %, enhancing water quality for aquaculture and supporting sustainability and the long-term viability of aquaculture. © 2025

关键词： Acetate membrane Antibacterial activity Bacterial cellulose Pineapple biowaste ZnO nanoparticle

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Effect of TiO 2 concentration in PVDF-TiO 2 -PVP mixed matrix membrane performance using ultrafiltration process

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2024年 96卷 1-5页

作者： Rianyza Gayatri Erna Yuliwati Ahmad Noor Syimir Fizal Muhamad Zulhilmi Zailani Juhana Jaafar Muzafar Zulkifli Wirach Taweepreda Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology Alor Gajah Melaka 78000 Malaysia Department of Material Science and Technology Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University (PSU) Hat Yai Songkla 90110 Thailand Program Study of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang Jalan A.Yani 13 Ulu Kota Palembang 30263 Indonesia Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem & Earth Resources (Pusat ALAM) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob 26300 Gambang Pahang Malaysia Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC) Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi

This study investigated how the addition of hydrophilic TiO 2 to a porous asymmetric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane altered its properties and performance. The hydrophilicity and flux of PVDF and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) combinations will be lower, and TiO 2 will significantly impact raising those values. By mixing titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles with a pore-forming agent in a dope solution, PVDF-TiO 2 -PVP membranes were prepared via non-solvent-induced phase inversion method. Experiments using PVDF membranes with varying concentrations of TiO 2 (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% wt) were applied to evaluate pure water flux and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) flux. The functional group composition of membranes was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The wettability of porous membranes was determined by measuring contact angles. Results demonstrated that membranes constructed from PVDF/PVP/TiO 2 with a lower loading of TiO 2 nanoparticles had a smaller mean pore size, more apertures inside the membrane, and better membrane hydrophilicity. The highest flux of pure water (121 L/m 2 h) was achieved by the PVDF-TiO 2 -PVP mixed-matrix membrane at a TiO 2 concentration of 2 wt%.

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Benchmarking A New Dataset for Coffee Bean Defects Classification Based on SNI 01-2907-2008

Benchmarking A New Dataset for Coffee Bean Defects Classific...

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Information Technology Research and Innovation (ICITRI), International Conference on

作者： Made Windu Antara Kesiman Ismail Sulaiman I Made Dendi Maysanjaya Kadek Teguh Dermawan Dept. of Informatics Engineering Virtual Vision Image and Pattern Research Group Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Bali Indonesia Program Study Teknologi Hasil Pertanian Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia

To develop a device which can determine automatically the quality of coffee beans, the module to identify and classify coffee bean defects based on digital images processing is needed. For this reason, a new dataset of coffee bean defect images is built in this research. 3 classes were defined and obtained from the image sample of coffee beans, namely good coffee beans, defective coffee beans, and non-valid coffee beans. Moreover, specifically for the class of defective coffee beans, the new dataset also provides ground truth image samples for 17 classes of coffee bean with defects which was defined by SNI 01-2907-2008. Two Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture models, InceptionResnetV2 and MobileNet, were tested to do an initial benchmarking process to classify coffee beans and their types of defects. Both architectures show very promising results to classify coffee bean images in 3-classes. With 92.52% of accuracy, MobileNet outperforms slightly InceptionResnetV2. Both architectures are fairly easy to classify the 3-classes of coffee bean images. But the experimental results indicate that the task of classifying more specifically the 17 classes of different types of defects in coffee beans is still quite difficult. Although the accuracy of InceptionResnetV2 of 53.35% seems much higher than the accuracy of MobileNet, the two architectures still seem to be struggling to identify each type of coffee bean defect. This benchmarking results will serve as the initial basis that helps to analyze the level of complexity of problems in the coffee bean new dataset, as well as the basis for further investigations and research processes to improve the performance of the future coffee bean classifier machine.

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Utilization of plastic waste processing for oil fuel at Tambaan Beach, Pasuruan City

Utilization of plastic waste processing for oil fuel at Tamb...

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2019 International Conference on Innovation and Technology, ICIT 2019

作者： Rudianto, R. Yudaningtyas, E. Lelono, T.D. Kasitowati, R.D. Marine Science Study Program Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Brawijaya Malang Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Brawijaya Malang Indonesia Fisheries Resource Utilization Study Program Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Brawijaya Malang Indonesia

The amount of waste in Indonesia is estimated to reach 68 million tons in 2019, of which 9.52 million tons is a plastic waste. With this amount, Indonesia is ranked second in the world as the largest producer of plastic waste. One area that suffers from plastic waste is the coastal area. This plastic waste is difficult to decompose and cause environmental problems. Likewise, it happened on the Tambaan coast in Tambaan sub-district, Panggungrejo subdistrict, Pasuruan city. Currently, accumulation of plastic waste is evident throughout the coastal area. The accumulation of scattered plastic waste and its proximity to the residents' settlements has become a hotbed of mosquitoes and caused a pungent smell. The Serving Doctoral program at Universitas Brawijaya offers a solution to process plastic waste into fuel oil such as diesel, kerosene, and premium. The technology used was Muryani's distillation from Wlingi, Blitar Regency. The technology can change certain types of plastic waste to produce fuel. Karang Taruna Bina Hang Tuah was acted as a reliable partner to assist the implementation of the technology on site. This study aims to strengthen the capacity of Karangtaruna in Tambaan Village to be more concerned about the environmental problems of Tambaan beach by processing waste that has been polluted by plastic waste. The results of plastic waste treatment showed that 10 kg of dried plastic waste can be transformed into diesel, premium and kerosene with the efficiency value of 60%, 35%, and 15%, respectively. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Distillation

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The Effect of Filter Media Size and Loading Rate to Filter Performance of Removing Microplastics using Rapid Sand Filter

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Journal of engineering and Technological Sciences 2022年第5期54卷

作者： Fajar, Mutiara Sembiring, Emenda Handajani, Marisa Environmental Engineering Study Program Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Environmental Engineering Department Institut Teknologi Sumatera Jalan Terusan Ryacudu Way Huwi Kec. Jati Agung South Lampung 35365 Indonesia

Microplastics (MP) can pose a serious threat to the environment and human health because of their tiny size and ability to spread easily in water. One of the alternative treatments to remove MP from water is the rapid sand filter (RSF). The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of filter media size and loading rate on RSF performance in removing MP. The applied filter media was silica sand with effective sizes (ES) of 0.39 and 0.68 mm. The loading rates of filtration were 4;6;8 and 10 m3/m2-h. The MP samples were made from plastic bags and torn tires (artificial samples: 10 to 800 µm). This study showed that the MP removal percentage was up to 96.6% (MP size larger than 200 µm). The head loss increment for loading rates 4;6;8;10 m3 /m2-h was 0.16;0.35;0.34;0.25 m (ES 0.39 m) and 0.10;0.18;0.18;0.19 m (ES 0.68 m)), respectively. Meanwhile, the filtration cycle for loading rates 4;6;8;and 10 m3/m2-h was 5, 2, 2, and 1 days (ES 0.39 mm) and 9, 4, 3, and 3 days (ES 0.68 mm), respectively. The result of this study showed that the smaller the filter media size, the higher the head loss of the filter media bed. Furthermore, there is an increased head loss of the filter media bed when the loading rate is greater. © 2022 Published by ITB Institute for Research and Community Services,.

关键词： Microplastic

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Dual template using P123-gelatin for synthesized large mesoporous silica for enhanced adsorption of dyes

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South African Journal of Chemical engineering 2023年 43卷 312-326页

作者： Safitri, Widiya Nur Habiddin, Habiddin Ulfa, Maria Trisunaryanti, Wega Bahruji, Hasliza Holilah, Holilah Rohmah, Alya Awinatul Sholeha, Novia Amalia Jalil, Aishah Abdul Santoso, Eko Prasetyoko, Didik Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Data Analytics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember East Java Keputih Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia Chemistry Education Study Program Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Universitas Sebelas Maret Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara Sleman Indonesia Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences Universiti Brunei Darussalam Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410 Brunei Darussalam Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN) Cibinong 16911 Indonesia Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture Halu Oleo University Indonesia College of Vocational Studies Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University) Jalan Kumbang No. 14 Bogor 16151 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Skudai Johor Bahru Malaysia

Mesoporous Silica with a large mesopore channel was synthesized using the sol-gel method for dye adsorption. A dual template consisting of P123 and gelatin at different ratios was employed in the sol-gel synthesis to enhance surface area and mesopore diameter. Gelatin is a green pore directing agent that strengthens P123 thermal stability during the calcination of silicate gel. Optimization of P123:gelatin ratio to 1:0.02 increased the surface area of mesoporous silica to 561.9 m²/g and expanded the pore diameter to 10 nm. The large pore diameter and surface area enhanced methylene blue adsorption capacity to 363.63 mg/g. The adsorption of methylene blue on mesoporous silica follows the pseudo second-order kinetic and the Langmuir model. Regeneration studies using thermal and chemical treatments exhibited the potential of mesoporous silica as an adsorbent for multiple adsorption-desorption of dyes. © 2022 The Author(s)

关键词： Dual template Dye Gelatin Mesoporous silica Pluronic P123

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Portable Monitoring Systems for Rivers Waste Based on Internet of Things

Portable Monitoring Systems for Rivers Waste Based on Intern...

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International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC)

作者： Henderi Mumammad Hudzaifah Nasrullah Laura Belani Nudiyah Po Abas Sunarya Sofa Sofiana Didik Setiyadi Informatics University of Raharja Tangerang Indonesia Management of Retail Study Program University of Raharja Tangerang Indonesia Informatics Engineering Departement Faculty of Engineering Pamulang University Tangerang Indonesia Infotmatics Faculty of Technolgy and Design Universitas Indonesia Mandiri Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345728

River pollution has become a severe problem in Indonesia. Industrial waste causes water pollution because the waste is not filtered before being discharged into the river. Illegal waste dumping cannot be prosecuted due to insufficient data and unknown disposal times. Therefore, a tool is needed to measure river water waste to measure polluted water waste data. Studies on river water monitoring devices have shown that there are no portable monitoring tools based on the internet of things for river water waste that follows regulatory standards from the Minister of Health. This study aims to produce a portable monitoring tool based on the internet of things for water waste. The system was developed using TDS sensors, turbidity, pH, MQ-135 sensors, and the system is equipped with a GPS module to indicate the location's latitude. The monitoring system is developed through the stages of system design, testing water samples, setting water quality standards and required hardware and components, setting river water quality parameters, and conducting system testing. The test results show that the system can send the data obtained to dashboard things via an internet connection, the TDS sensor error rate is 2.17%, the pH sensor error rate is 1.87%, the turbidity sensor error rate is 1.66%, the MQ135 sensor value is at the quality limit. The internet of things-based portable river waste monitoring system produced through this research helps related parties to identify and handle polluted rivers. Water according to the standards of the Ministry of Health, and the GPS module shows location measurements and information according to the location's latitude on google maps.

关键词： Error analysis Sensor systems Water pollution Sensors Rivers Pollution measurement Internet of Things

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Thermogravimetric investigation of Reutealis Trisperma (Blanco) airy shaw and iron sand as bed material at different heating rates pyrolysis 2

Thermogravimetric investigation of Reutealis Trisperma (Blan...

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2nd International Conference on Applied Science and Technology - engineering Sciences, iCAST-ES 2019

作者： Rajendra, I.M. Winaya, I.N.S. Ghurri, A. Wirawan, I.K.G. Department of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Bali Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Bali Indonesia Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Udayana Bali Indonesia

This study observed the effect of bed material in the pyrolysis process. Also, other parameter such as the heating rate have been observed. The biomass studied is Sunan Candlenut cake. This biomass is a potential commodity as a producer of biodiesel. Through the method of mechanical press and esterification, it will leave waste in the form of a cake that still contains crude oil. Trapped oil can be converted into bio-oil through the pyrolysis technique. Parameters that affect the pyrolysis process include the addition of bed material and heating rate. Pyrolysis of this candlenut cake has been tested to determine the amount of activation energy. Heating rates are varied to 5, 10 and 20 K per minute and bed material used is iron sand. The testing instruments uses Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The results show that the lowest activation energy of 15.497 [KJ/mol] is achieved when added iron sand at the heating rate of 10 K per minute. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Heating rate

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Effect of recirculation ratio on the performance of modified septic tank in treating office building wastewater 6

Effect of recirculation ratio on the performance of modified...

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6th Environmental Technology and Management Conference, ETMC 2019

作者： Va, Vandith Setiyawan, Ahmad Soleh Soewondo, Prayatni Putri, Dyah Wulandari Study Program of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institute of Technology Bandung St. Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia

Higher concentration of nutrients has been characterized from office buildings compared to domestic wastewater. A Modified Septic Tank (MST), which consists of anoxic conditions followed by a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) is proposed to treat office wastewater. This research investigated the effect of Recirculation Ratio (RR) on organic and nutrient removal in MST. The synthetic wastewater with COD: TN: TP (252:85:3), which is similar to actual office wastewater was used. The experimental data were obtained from three RR values (2, 3 and 4). The results showed COD, TN, NH4, and TP removal ranged from 88% to 90%, 64% to 78%, 68% to 86%, and 56% to 64%, respectively. The effluent concentrations of COD and NH4 ranged from 21 to 30 and 9 to 23 mg/L after applying RR and from 19 to 24 and 27 to 29 mg/L without RR, respectively. RR had the significant effect on organic and nutritional removal (p 4 in the effluent needs to be considered. © 2020 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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