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Hypergraph-Enhanced Multi-Granularity Stochastic Weight Completion in Sparse Road Networks

ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data 2025年第3期19卷

作者： Han, Xiaolin Zhang, Yikun Ma, Chenhao Shang, Xuequn Cheng, Reynold Grubenmann, Tobias Li, Xiaodong Northwestern Polytechnical Universit China and Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering Wuxi Xi'an China Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Shenzhen China The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Edinburgh Napier University Edinburgh United Kingdom Xiamen University China and Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing Ministry of Education of China Xiamen China

Road network applications, such as navigation, incident detection, and Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation, make extensive use of network edge weights (e.g., traveling times). Some of these weights can be missing, especially in a road network where traffic data may not be available for every road. In this article, we study the stochastic weight completion (SWC) problem, which computes the weight distributions of missing road edges. This is difficult, due to the intricate temporal and spatial correlations among neighboring edges. Besides, the road network can be sparse, i.e., there is a lack of traveling information in a large portion of the network. To tackle these challenges, we propose a multi-granularity framework for Region-Wise Graph Completion (RegGC). To learn coarse spatial correlations among distantly located roads, we construct a region-wise hypergraph neural architecture based on semantic region dependencies. For finer spatial correlations, we incorporate contextual road network properties (e.g., speed limits, lane counts, and road types). Moreover, it incorporates recent and periodic dimensions of road traffic. We evaluate RegGC against 10 existing methods on 3 real road network datasets. They show that RegGC is more effective and efficient than state-of-the-art solutions. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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HiCoCS: High Concurrency Cross-Sharding on Permissioned Blockchains

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IEEE Transactions on Computers 2025年

作者： Yang, Lingxiao Dong, Xuewen Wan, Zhiguo Lu, Di Zhang, Yushu Shen, Yulong Xidian University School of Computer Science and Technology China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Blockchain Technology Application and Evaluation China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Secure Computing Xi’an710071 China Zhejiang Lab Zhejiang Hangzhou311121 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network and System Security Xi’an710071 China Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics School of Computing Nanchang330013 China Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics Nanchang330013 China

As the foundation of the Web3 trust system, blockchain technology faces increasing demands for scalability. Sharding emerges as a promising solution, but it struggles to handle highly concurrent cross-shard transactions (CSTxs), primarily due to simultaneous ledger operations on the same account. Hyperledger Fabric, a permissioned blockchain, employs multi-version concurrency control for parallel processing. Existing solutions use channels and intermediaries to achieve cross-sharding in Hyperledger Fabric. However, the conflict problem caused by highly concurrent CSTxs has not been adequately resolved. To fill this gap, we propose HiCoCS, a high concurrency cross-shard scheme for permissioned blockchains. HiCoCS creates a unique virtual sub-broker for each CSTx by introducing a composite key structure, enabling conflict-free concurrent transaction processing while reducing resource overhead. The challenge lies in managing large numbers of composite keys and mitigating intermediary privacy risks. HiCoCS utilizes virtual sub-brokers to receive and process CSTxs concurrently while maintaining a transaction pool. Batch processing is employed to merge multiple CSTxs in the pool, improving efficiency. We explore composite key reuse to reduce the number of virtual sub-brokers and lower system overhead. Privacy preservation is enhanced using homomorphic encryption. Evaluations show that HiCoCS improves cross-shard transaction throughput by 3.5-20.2 times compared to the baselines. © 1968-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Scalability

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DAMamba: Vision State Space Model with Dynamic Adaptive Scan

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Tanzhe Li, Caoshuo Lyu, Jiayi Pei, Hongjuan Zhang, Baochang Jin, Taisong Ji, Rongrong Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Effcient Computing Ministry of Education of China Xiamen University China School of Informatics Xiamen University China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University China

State space models (SSMs) have recently garnered significant attention in computer vision. However, due to the unique characteristics of image data, adapting SSMs from natural language processing to computer vision has not outperformed the state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs). Existing vision SSMs primarily leverage manually designed scans to flatten image patches into sequences locally or globally. This approach disrupts the original semantic spatial adjacency of the image and lacks flexibility, making it difficult to capture complex image structures. To address this limitation, we propose Dynamic Adaptive Scan (DAS), a data-driven method that adaptively allocates scanning orders and regions. This enables more flexible modeling capabilities while maintaining linear computational complexity and global modeling capacity. Based on DAS, we further propose the vision backbone DAMamba, which significantly outperforms current state-of-the-art vision Mamba models in vision tasks such as image classification, object detection, instance segmentation, and semantic segmentation. Notably, it surpasses some of the latest state-of-the-art CNNs and ViTs. Code will be available at https://***/ltzovo/DAMamba. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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E2DAS: An Efficient Equivariant Dynamic Aggregation Saliency Model for Omnidirectional Images 27th

E2DAS: An Efficient Equivariant Dynamic Aggregation Saliency...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Zhang, Nana Liu, Qian Zhu, Dandan Zhu, Kun Zhai, Guangtao Yang, Xiaokang School of Computer Science and Technology Donghua University No.2999 Renmin North Road Songjiang District Shanghai201620 China Institute of AI Education Shanghai East China Normal University No.3663 Zhongshan North Road Putuo District Shanghai200333 China Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University No.4800 Cao’an Highway Jiading District Shanghai201804 China Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University No. 800 Dongchuan Road Minhang District Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781216

Recent years have witnessed rapid progress of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and their successful application in the task of saliency prediction for omnidirectional images (ODIs). Albeit achieving tremendous performance improvements, these CNNs-based saliency models are plagued by two major shortcomings: spatial content-agnostic and computationally intensive. Inspired by the effectiveness of equivariant network in the majority of computer vision tasks, we propose a novel efficient equivariant dynamic aggregation saliency (E2DAS) model to efficiently tackle the issue of human fixation prediction in ODIs. To be specific, our proposed model consists of an efficient equivariant module, a dynamic convolutional aggregation module, and an optimization computation module. Different from existing saliency models for ODIs, we are the first attempt to introduce an efficient equivariant dynamic convolutional aggregation operation into the saliency prediction task, which can fundamentally alleviate the projection distortion problem and can effectively learn spatial content-adaptive features. Moreover, we clearly observe a considerable decrease in the number of parameters resulting from the replacement of standard convolution with dynamic convolution aggregation. Extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets show the proposed model’s superiority over other state-of-the-art methods in terms of performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Equivariant dynamic aggregation light-weight model omnidirectional images saliency prediction spatial content-adaptive

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UAV-assisted Joint Mobile Edge computing and Data Collection via Matching-enabled Deep Reinforcement Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Boxiong Kang, Hui Li, Jiahui Sun, Geng Sun, Zemin Wang, Jiacheng Niyato, Dusit College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) and data collection (DC) have been popular research issues. Different from existing works that consider MEC and DC scenarios separately, this paper investigates a multi-UAV-assisted joint MEC-DC system. Specifically, we formulate a joint optimization problem to minimize the MEC latency and maximize the collected data volume. This problem can be classified as a non-convex mixed integer programming problem that exhibits long-term optimization and dynamics. Thus, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-based approach that jointly optimizes the UAV movement, user transmit power, and user association in real time to solve the problem efficiently. Specifically, we reformulate the optimization problem into an action space-reduced Markov decision process (MDP) and optimize the user association by using a two-phase matching-based association (TMA) strategy. Subsequently, we propose a soft actor-critic (SAC)-based approach that integrates the proposed TMA strategy (SAC-TMA) to solve the formulated joint optimization problem collaboratively. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed SAC-TMA is able to coordinate the two subsystems and can effectively reduce the system latency and improve the data collection volume compared with other benchmark algorithms. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Stress Severity Detection in College Students Using Emotional Pulse Signals and Deep Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Affective computing 2025年

作者： Li, Mi Li, Junzhe Chen, Yanbo Hu, Bin School of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Perception and Autonomous Control Ministry of Education China Engineering Research Center of Digital Community Ministry of Education Beijing China Beijing University of Technology School of Information Science and Technology Beijing China Beijing Institute of Technology Institute of Engineering Medicine Beijing China Lanzhou University Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou China

College students face increasing stress from difficulties with studies, employment, and social interactions, which, if left unaddressed, may lead to depression and physical illnesses. Currently, the detection of stress severity relies on self-assessment scales, while machine learning or deep learning-based approaches primarily focus on classification. This study proposes an approach using pulse signals containing emotional cues and deep learning to automatically detect the severity of stress in college students. Firstly, pulse signals of 177 college students were collected using photoplethysmography (PPG) during they watched five virtual reality (VR) emotional scenes, including calm, sadness, happiness, fear, and tension. Pulse rate variability (PRV) and discrete PPG (dPPG) were extracted from these signals as input for detecting stress severity. Then, the proposed stress detection framework, 1DCNN-BiLSTM + Cross-Attention + XGBoost, was employed to detect stress severity, incorporating an emotional Cross-Attention mechanism. The impact of induced emotions on stress severity detection performance was examined. The results indicated that stress severity detection in emotional scenes outperformed in calm. Furthermore, the detection performance that integrates multiple emotions surpassed single emotions. The fusion of PRV and dPPG signals yielded the best detection performance. This study provides an end-to-end automated approach for detecting stress severity in college students. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Photoplethysmography

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A novel ECT image reconstruction method based on the deblurring diffusion model

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Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 2025年 104卷

作者： Liu, Yan-Dong Wu, Xin-Jie Liu, Shi-Xing Wang, Yi-Fan Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing Ministry of Education Dalian University Liaoning Dalian116622 China School of Software Engineering Dalian University Liaoning Dalian116622 China College of Physics Liaoning University Liaoning Shenyang110036 China School of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang University of Technology Liaoning Shenyang110870 China

To address the challenge of low reconstruction accuracy in Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) images, we propose an imaging method based on a deblurring diffusion model, transforming the image reconstruction into image generation. In cases where the noise type affecting the ECT image reconstruction cannot be determined, inspired by the cold diffusion model, we use an alpha kernel instead of Gaussian noise to perform the image blurring process. During the deblurring process, we utilize the U-Net as the backbone network and incorporated the Linear Attention module to improve imaging accuracy. Additionally, recognizing the similarity between image error metrics and the Dice function, we integrate the Dice function into the loss. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the image errors and correlation coefficients using the proposed method outperform those achieved with the LBP, Tikhonov, Landweber, and classic CNNs. Finally, we deploy the proposed algorithm to the actual ECT system. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Image denoising

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Family of Mutually Uncorrelated Codes for DNA Storage Address Design

IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience

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IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Liu, Zhenlu Cao, Ben Shao, Qi Zheng, Yanfen Wang, Bin Zhou, Shihua Zheng, Pan Dalian University Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing Ministry of Education School of Software Engineering Dalian116622 China Dalian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian116024 China University of Canterbury Upper Riccarton Department of Accounting and Information Systems Christchurch8140 New Zealand

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has become an ideal medium for long-term storage and retrieval due to its extremely high storage density and long-term stability. But access efficiency is an existing bottleneck in DNA storage, especially the lack of high-quality random access address sequences. Therefore, in this paper, we report a series of approaches based on k-weakly mutually uncorrelated (k-WMU) codes to design the address sequence to improve the access efficiency of DNA storage. To address the problem of DNA sequences that are poorly scalable at the base level, we propose a 0-m-ruling coding scheme combined with k-WMU codes that can make address sequences avoid generating secondary structure with stem lengths ranging from 3 to 9. Based on the decoupled structure, We further extend the k-WMU codes with error correction function while satisfying combinatorial biological constraints. In order to investigate the performance of the designed address sequences for real-world applications, we perform simulation experiments based on thermodynamic properties and error correction capability as well as compared the minimum free energy (MFE), melting temperature (TM), and average decoding success rate (ADSR) with previous work. The results show that designed address sequences have a high MFE value and ADSR and a substantial reduction in TM-variance while satisfying the combinatorial biological constraints. As the quality of address sequences improves, this will help to achieve accurate random access as well as enhance the robustness of the DNA storage system. © 2002-2011 IEEE.

关键词： DNA sequences

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DiagLLM: multimodal reasoning with large language model for explainable bearing fault diagnosis

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第06期 41-55页

作者： Jie WANG Tianrui LI Yan YANG Shiqian CHEN Wanming ZHAI School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong University Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Intelligent Transportation Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System

Accurate and reliable bearing fault diagnosis is critical for ensuring the safe operation of mechanical *** data-driven methods encounter challenges in training advanced deep learning models, primarily due to the scarcity of fault data and inconsistencies in data distributions. Additionally, these methods often suffer from limited interpretability and reliability, as they lack constraint-guided learning based on the physical mechanisms underlying bearing failures, which hampers their utility in machine condition monitoring. Recent advancements in large language models(LLMs) demonstrate their potential to address these challenges. To this end, we aim to enhance the generalization and interpretability of bearing fault diagnosis by leveraging the capabilities of multimodal LLMs. Specifically, a novel framework called DiagLLM is designed to achieve this goal. DiagLLM leverages the powerful reasoning capabilities of large language models and incorporates contextual information from both envelope spectrum images and expert knowledge to accurately diagnose bearing faults. To effectively tune DiagLLM, diagnostic visual instruction-following data are constructed to link fault feature descriptions with signal characteristics, and the entire model is fine-tuned using a parameter-efficient training pipeline. Extensive experiments are conducted on two publicly available bearing fault diagnosis datasets, and the results show that DiagLLM outperforms leading baselines, particularly in scenarios with limited data and cross-data generalization.

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ASTARS Aided NOMA Covert Communication Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Yue, Xinwei Song, Xinlong Zhao, Jingjing Huang, Chongwen Jin, Hongxu Xiang, Wei Key Laboratory of Information and Communication Systems Ministry of Information Industry Beijing102206 China Beijing Information Science and Technology University Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement & Control Technology Ministry of Education Beijing102206 China Beihang University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100191 China Zhejiang University College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Hangzhou310027 China Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xi'an710071 China Hangzhou310027 China Zunyi Normal University School of Information Engineering Zunyi563006 China La Trobe University School of Computing Engineering and Mathmatical Sciences MelbourneVIC3086 Australia

The active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting surface (STARS) has been proposed as a complement of passive STARS (PSTARS) to inhibit the double path-loss. This paper applies the active STARS (ASTARS) to aid in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) covert communications over cascaded rice fading channels, where two wardens are located on the opposite sides of ASTARS to monitor the transmission information. More specifically, we derive approximate expressions for detection error probability of two wardens. The optimal detection threshold and minimum detection error probability are presented in the worst covert scenarios. The covert transmission rate expressions for a coupe of covert users are further deduced by taking into account imperfect/perfect successive interference cancellation. The experimental simulation results are presented to confirm that: 1) The detection error probability of ASTARS-NOMA networks is superior to that of ASTARS assisted-orthogonal multiple access (ASTARS-OMA) and PSTARS aided NOMA networks;2) As the number of active elements increases, the covert transmission rates of ASTARS-NOMA networks become larger relative to ASTARS-OMA;and 3) ASTARS-NOMA has ability to provide the enhanced system throughput in delay-tolerant transmission mode. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fading channels

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