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Synthesis of interfacial electric field-enhanced CdS/CdxZn1-xS/ZnO ternary heterojunction by lye dissolution etching mechanism for photocatalytic H2 production and CO2 reduction

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第1期204卷 152-165页

作者： Qi Li Shengchao Yang Yufan Huang Yuwei Liang Chunling Hu Min Wang Zhiyong Liu Yanlong Tai Jichang Liu Yongsheng Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Green Process for Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Chemical Materials of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Center for Chemical Materials of Xinjiang BingtuanShihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Green Process for Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Chemical Materials of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Center for Chemical Materials of Xinjiang BingtuanShihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Green Process for Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Chemical Materials of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Center for Chemical Materials of Xinjiang BingtuanShihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology ShanghaiShanghai 200237China

The difficulty in fabricating a multifaceted composite heterojunction system based on CdxZn1-xS limits the enhancement of photocatalytic *** the present scrutiny,novel ZnO/CdxZn1-xS/CdS com-posite heterojunctions are successfully prepared by the alkaline dissolution etching *** internal electric field at the interface of Ⅰ-type and Z-scheme heterojunction improved the effective charge *** ZC 8 sample exhibits excellent photocatalytic performance and the H2 production efficiency is 15.67 mmol g-1 h-1 with good stability up to 82.9％in 24-hour *** performance of CH4 and CO capacity in the CO2RR process is 3.47 μmol g-1 h-1 and 23.5 μmol g-1 h-1,*** photogener-ated accelerated charge transport is then examined in detail by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISXPS)and density functional theory(DFT)*** work presents a new idea for the synthe-sis of CdxZni-xS solid-solution-based materials and provides a solid reference for the detailed mechanism regarding the electric field at the heterojunction interface.

关键词： Photocatalysis Interface electric field Composite heterostructure Photocatalytic mechanism CdxZn1-xS solid-solution

LLMDet: Learning Strong Open-Vocabulary Object Detectors under the Supervision of Large Language Models

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Fu, Shenghao Yang, Qize Mo, Qijie Yan, Junkai Wei, Xihan Meng, Jingke Xie, Xiaohua Zheng, Wei-Shi School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China Tongyi Lab Alibaba Group China Peng Cheng Laboratory China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology China China

Recent open-vocabulary detectors achieve promising performance with abundant region-level annotated data. In this work, we show that an open-vocabulary detector co-training with a large language model by generating image-level detailed captions for each image can further improve performance. To achieve the goal, we first collect a dataset, GroundingCap-1M, wherein each image is accompanied by associated grounding labels and an image-level detailed caption. With this dataset, we finetune an open-vocabulary detector with training objectives including a standard grounding loss and a caption generation loss. We take advantage of a large language model to generate both region-level short captions for each region of interest and image-level long captions for the whole image. Under the supervision of the large language model, the resulting detector, LLMDet, outperforms the baseline by a clear margin, enjoying superior open-vocabulary ability. Further, we show that the improved LLMDet can in turn build a stronger large multi-modal model, achieving mutual benefits. The code, model, and dataset is available at https://***/iSEE-laboratory/LLMDet. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

ViSpeak: Visual Instruction Feedback in Streaming Videos

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Fu, Shenghao Yang, Qize Li, Yuan-Ming Peng, Yi-Xing Lin, Kun-Yu Wei, Xihan Hu, Jian-Fang Xie, Xiaohua Zheng, Wei-Shi School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China Tongyi Lab Alibaba Group China Peng Cheng Laboratory China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology China China

Recent advances in Large Multi-modal Models (LMMs) are primarily focused on offline video understanding. Instead, streaming video understanding poses great challenges to recent models due to its time-sensitive, omni-modal and interactive characteristics. In this work, we aim to extend the streaming video understanding from a new perspective and propose a novel task named Visual Instruction Feedback in which models should be aware of visual contents and learn to extract instructions from them. For example, when users wave their hands to agents, agents should recognize the gesture and start conversations with welcome information. Thus, following instructions in visual modality greatly enhances user-agent interactions. To facilitate research, we define seven key subtasks highly relevant to visual modality and collect the ViSpeak-Instruct dataset for training and the ViSpeak-Bench for evaluation. Further, we propose the ViSpeak model, which is a SOTA streaming video understanding LMM with GPT-4o-level performance on various streaming video understanding benchmarks. After finetuning on our ViSpeak-Instruct dataset, ViSpeak is equipped with basic visual instruction feedback ability, serving as a solid baseline for future research. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Video streaming

Graph Prompt Clustering

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and machine intelligence 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Chen, Man-Sheng Lai, Pei-Yuan Liao, De-Zhang Wang, Chang-Dong Lai, Jian-Huang Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing China Guangdong University of Technology School of Information Engineering Guangzhou China South China Technology Commercialization Center Guangzhou China

Due to the wide existence of unlabeled graph-structured data (e.g. molecular structures), the graph-level clustering has recently attracted increasing attention, whose goal is to divide the input graphs into several disjoint groups. However, the existing methods habitually focus on learning the graphs embeddings with different graph reguralizations, and seldom refer to the obvious differences in data distributions of distinct graph-level datasets. How to characteristically consider multiple graph-level datasets in a general well-designed model without prior knowledge is still challenging. In view of this, we propose a novel Graph Prompt Clustering (GPC) method. Within this model, there are two main modules, i.e., graph model pretraining as well as prompt and finetuning. In the graph model pretraining module, the graph model is pretrained by a selected source graph-level dataset with mutual information maximization and self-supervised clustering regularization. In the prompt and finetuning module, the network parameters of the pretrained graph model are frozen, and a groups of learnable prompt vectors assigned to each graph-level representation are trained for adapting different target graph-level datasets with various data distributions. Experimental results across six benchmark datasets demonstrate the impressive generalization capability and effectiveness of GPC compared with the state-of-the-art methods. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Graph embeddings

Progressive Human Motion Generation Based on Text and Few Motion Frames

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 2025年

作者： Zeng, Ling-An Wu, Gaojie Wu, Ancong Hu, Jian-Fang Zheng, Wei-Shi Sun Yat-sen University School of Artificial Intelligence Guangdong Zhuhai519082 China Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Guangzhou510275 China Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing China Peng Cheng Laboratory China

Although existing text-to-motion (T2M) methods can produce realistic human motion from text description, it is still difficult to align the generated motion with the desired postures since using text alone is insufficient for precisely describing diverse postures. To achieve more controllable generation, an intuitive way is to allow the user to input a few motion frames describing precise desired postures. Thus, we explore a new Text-Frame-to-Motion (TF2M) generation task that aims to generate motions from text and very few given frames. Intuitively, the closer a frame is to a given frame, the lower the uncertainty of this frame is when conditioned on this given frame. Hence, we propose a novel Progressive Motion Generation (PMG) method to progressively generate a motion from the frames with low uncertainty to those with high uncertainty in multiple stages. During each stage, new frames are generated by a Text-Frame Guided Generator conditioned on frame-aware semantics of the text, given frames, and frames generated in previous stages. Additionally, to alleviate the train-test gap caused by multi-stage accumulation of incorrectly generated frames during testing, we propose a Pseudo-frame Replacement Strategy for training. Experimental results show that our PMG outperforms existing T2M generation methods by a large margin with even one given frame, validating the effectiveness of our PMG. Code is available here. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Controllable Motion Generation Human Motion Text2Motion Generation

Generative Visual Commonsense Answering and Explaining with Generative Scene Graph Constructing

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yuan, Fan Fang, Xiaoyuan Quan, Rong Li, Jing Bi, Wei Xu, Xiaogang Li, Piji College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics MIIT Key Laboratory of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Nanjing211106 China College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence Technology Ministry of Education Nanjing211106 China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Visual Commonsense Reasoning, which is regarded as one challenging task to pursue advanced visual scene comprehension, has been used to diagnose the reasoning ability of AI systems. However, reliable reasoning requires a good grasp of the scene’s details. Existing work fails to effectively exploit the real-world object relationship information present within the scene, and instead overly relies on knowledge from training memory. Based on these observations, we propose a novel scene-graph-enhanced visual commonsense reasoning generation method named G2, which first utilizes the image patches and LLMs to construct a location-free scene graph, and then answer and explain based on the scene graph’s information. We also propose automatic scene graph filtering and selection strategies to absorb valuable scene graph information during training. Extensive experiments are conducted on the tasks and datasets of scene graph constructing and visual commonsense answering and explaining, respectively. Experimental results and ablation analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Question answering

Non-Markovian effect enhanced quantum noises in a coherent Ising machine

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Optics Express 2025年第11期33卷 22208-22221页

作者： Chen-Rui Fan Bo Lu Yi-Xuan Yao Qing Ai Chuan Wang School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering Zhengzhou 450001 China lubo@*** School of Physics and Astronomy Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory Beijing 100875 China Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China wangchuan@***

Combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) constitute a fundamental class of computational challenges with extensive applications across scientific and industrial domains. The emergence of the coherent Ising machine (CIM) as a computational paradigm has demonstrated exceptional capabilities in rapidly generating arbitrary spin configurations and effectively solving large-scale COPs. Despite its promising potential, the CIM framework encounters an inherent limitation related to amplitude heterogeneity. Current approaches to this limitation primarily rely on Gaussian approximations to model quantum noise in the system’s amplitude dynamics within the original CIM framework. However, these methods generally fail to account for the temporal and periodic non-Markovian characteristics of pulses in practical environments. In this study, we introduce temporally correlated non-Markovian noise into the dynamics of both conventional and spiking neural network-based CIM systems, investigating their performance through comprehensive hyperparameter analysis. Our method incorporates a detailed examination of hyperparameter selection and its influence on algorithmic efficiency. Through extensive numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the integration of non-Markovian noise significantly accelerates variance evolution in both canonical coordinates and amplitude dynamics over time. The proposed approach not only exhibits enhanced computational performance but also shows superior scalability for large-scale problem instances. These findings suggest that our approach offers distinct advantages in addressing complex COPs, potentially opening new avenues for efficient optimization in various applications.

关键词： Neural networks Nonlinear optical fibers Numerical simulation Optical parametric oscillators Optical systems Quantum noise

Multi-Granular Multimodal Clue Fusion for Meme Understanding

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zheng, Li Fei, Hao Dai, Ting Peng, Zuquan Li, Fei Ma, Huisheng Teng, Chong Ji, Donghong Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan China National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering Wuxi China North China Institute of Computing Technology Beijing China

With the continuous emergence of various social media platforms frequently used in daily life, the multimodal meme understanding (MMU) task has been garnering increasing attention. MMU aims to explore and comprehend the meanings of memes from various perspectives by performing tasks such as metaphor recognition, sentiment analysis, intention detection, and offensiveness detection. Despite making progress, limitations persist due to the loss of fine-grained metaphorical visual clue and the neglect of multimodal text-image weak correlation. To overcome these limitations, we propose a multi-granular multimodal clue fusion model (MGMCF) to advance MMU. Firstly, we design an object-level semantic mining module to extract object-level image feature clues, achieving fine-grained feature clue extraction and enhancing the model’s ability to capture metaphorical details and semantics. Secondly, we propose a brand-new global-local cross-modal interaction model to address the weak correlation between text and images. This model facilitates effective interaction between global multimodal contextual clues and local unimodal feature clues, strengthening their representations through a bidirectional cross-modal attention mechanism. Finally, we devise a dual-semantic guided training strategy to enhance the model’s understanding and alignment of multimodal representations in the semantic space. Experiments conducted on the widely-used MET-MEME bilingual dataset demonstrate significant improvements over state-of-the-art baselines. Specifically, there is an 8.14% increase in precision for offensiveness detection task, and respective accuracy enhancements of 3.53%, 3.89%, and 3.52% for metaphor recognition, sentiment analysis, and intention detection tasks. These results, underpinned by in-depth analyses, underscore the effectiveness and potential of our approach for advancing MMU. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

Homophily Induced Contrastive Attributed Graph Clustering

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 2025年

作者： Chen, Man-Sheng Lai, Pei-Yuan Liao, De-Zhang Wang, Chang-Dong Lai, Jian-Huang Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou China Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Information Center Guangxi Key Laboratory of Digital Infrastructure Nanning China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education China South China Technology Commercialization Center Guangzhou China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou China

Attributed graph clustering, aiming to discover the underlying graph structure and partition the graph nodes into several disjoint categories, is a basic task in graph data analysis. Although recent efforts over graph contrastive clustering have achieved decent performances, most of them get accustomed to construct the positive neighbor set by the generated pseudo clustering information, directly ignoring the ready-made neighbor nodes and the underlying semantics of edges in a graph. How to well deal with the graph neighbor-specific information to facilitate the performance of graph contrastive clustering is still a challenging problem. Therefore, in this work, we propose a novel Homophily Induced Contrastive Attributed Graph Clustering (HomoCAGC) method, where the power of homophily is exploited in facilitating the performance of contrastive attributed graph clustering, while the pseudo homophily in a graph is also explored and distinguished. Especially, the node feature as reliable information guidance is used to compute the underlying feature-oriented pair-wise node similarity, based on which the positive node pairs in contrastive regularizer are adjusted for better node representation characterization. According to the refined node representations, a triplet self-supervised clustering objective is well-designed to ensure the output embedding is cluster-oriented, and suitable for the downstream clustering task. Extensive experiments on seven benchmarks are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of HomoCAGC. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Attributed graph clustering contrastive learning graph homophily self-supervised clustering