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Consistent time allocation fraction to vegetation green-up versus senescence across northern ecosystems despite recent climate change

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SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024年第23期10卷 eadn2487页

作者： Meng, Fandong Felton, Andrew J. Mao, Jiafu Cong, Nan Smith, William K. Koerner, Christian Hu, Zhongmin Hong, Songbai Knott, Jonathan Yan, Yanzi Guo, Bixi Deng, Ying Leisz, Stephen Dorji, Tsechoe Wang, Shiping Chen, Anping Chinese Acad Sci Inst Tibetan Plateau Res State Key Lab Tibetan Plateau Earth Syst Resources Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Montana State Univ Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci Bozeman MT 59717 USA Climate Change Sci Inst Environm Sci Div Oak Ridge Natl Lab Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Arizona Sch Nat Resources & Environm Tucson AZ 85719 USA Univ Basel Dept Environm Sci Bot Basel Switzerland Hainan Univ Key Lab Agroforestry Environm Proc & Ecol Regulat Haikou 570228 Hainan Peoples R China Peking Univ Sch Urban Planning & Design Shenzhen Grad Sch Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China USDA Forest Serv Forest Inventory & Anal Program Northern Res Stn St Paul MN 55108 USA Lund Univ Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci Lund Sweden Chinese Acad Sci Inst Bot State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change 20 Nanxincun Beijing 100093 Peoples R China Colorado State Univ Dept Anthropol & Geog Ft Collins CO 80523 USA Vin Univ Coll Arts & Sci Hanoi Vietnam Colorado State Univ Dept Biol Ft Collins CO 80523 USA Colorado State Univ Grad Degree Program Ecol Ft Collins CO 80523 USA

Extended growing season lengths under climatic warming suggest increased time for plant growth. However, research has focused on climatic impacts to the timing or duration of distinct phenological events. Comparatively little is known about impacts to the relative time allocation to distinct phenological events, for example, the proportion of time dedicated to leaf growth versus senescence. We use multiple satellite and ground-based observations to show that, despite recent climate change during 2001 to 2020, the ratio of time allocated to vegetation green-up over senescence has remained stable [1.27 (+/- 0.92)] across more than 83% of northern ecosystems. This stability is independent of changes in growing season lengths and is caused by widespread positive relationships among vegetation phenological events;longer vegetation green-up results in longer vegetation senescence. These empirical observations were also partly reproduced by 13 dynamic global vegetation models. Our work demonstrates an intrinsic biotic control to vegetation phenology that could explain the timing of vegetation senescence under climate change.

关键词： Vegetation

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Experimental study and theoretical statistical modeling of acid blue 25 remediation using activated carbon from Citrus sinensis leaf

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FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA 2022年第0期563卷

作者： El Messaoudi, Noureddine El Mouden, Abdelaziz El Khomri, Mohammed Bouich, Amal Fernine, Yasmine Cigeroglu, Zeynep Americo-Pinheiro, Juliana Heloisa Pine Labjar, Najoua Jada, Amane Sillanpaa, Mika Lacherai, Abdellah Ibn Zohr Univ Fac Sci Lab Appl Chem & Environm Agadir 80000 Morocco Univ Politecn Valencia Inst Design & Mfg IDF Dept Appl Phys Valencia 46000 Spain Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah Univ Engn Lab Organometall Mol Mat & Environm Fes 30000 Morocco Usak Univ Fac Engn Dept Chem Engn TR-64300 Usak Turkey Brazil Univ Postgrad Program Environm Sci St Carolina Fonseca 584 BR-08230030 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Mohammed V Lab Spect Mol Modeling Mat Nanomat Water & Enviro Rabat 10000 Morocco High Alsace Univ Inst Mat Sci Mulhouse IS2M F-68100 Mulhouse France Univ Johannesburg Dept Chem Engn Sch Min Met & Chem Engn ZA-2028 Doornfontein South Africa

In this study, Citrus Sinensis Leaf Activated Carbon (CSLAC), as adsorbent for acid blue 25 (AB25) dye removal from water, was synthesized from Citrus Sinensis Leaf (CSL) by using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) activation procedure. The obtained adsorbent was thereafter characterized by various methods such as FTIR, BET-BJH, and SEM-EDX. Further, the adsorption of AB25 on CSLAC was performed under different operating conditions. High CSLAC surface area of 485.16 m(2) g(-1) was obtained, affirming that the prepared adsorbent is permeable, which is an advantage for the efficient removal of contaminants. Moreover, optimal conditions for the batch removal process of the dye from water were investigated. It was found that for 100 mg L-1 AB25 dye initial concentration, the CSLAC achieved almost complete removal of 98.64% within 60 min at a temperature of 25 degrees C, by using only 0.4 g L-1 of the adsorbent dose. In addition, the Langmuir theoretical model efficiently agreed with the experimental data, and it has led to a maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity of 543.47 mg g(-1)at 25 degrees C. Kinetic studies, on the other hand, were in favor of pseudo-second-order (PSO) model to describe the dye removal from water. Others features of the CSLAC adsorbent resulted in its good regeneration and reusability. The results of theo-retical statistical modeling at temperatures varied from 25 to 40 degrees C showed a monolayer adsorption of AB25 with two energy sites of CSLAC. Various characterization methods show that the mechanism of adsorption for CSLAC towards AB25 including electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bond, and pi-pi interactions. Finally, the AB25 adsorption appeared to be an endothermic spontaneous process as evidenced by the determined thermodynamic parameters. The obtained overall data suggest that the CSLAC is an inexpensive adsorbent which has promising potential for dye removal from wastewater.

关键词： Adsorption Acid blue 25 Citrus sinensis leaf Activated carbon Theoretical statistical modeling

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Combined co-rotational beam/shell elements for fluid-structure interaction analysis of insect-like flapping wing

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NONLINEAR DYNAMICS 2019年第1期97卷 203-224页

作者： Cho, Haeseong Gong, DuHyun Lee, Namhun Shin, SanJoon Lee, Seungsoo Seoul Natl Univ Plus Transformat Training Program Creat Mech & Ae Inst Adv Machines & Design Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Seoul South Korea Hanwha Def Syst Res Inst Modeling & Simulat Team Changwon Si Gyeongsangnam D South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Inst Adv Aerosp Technol Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Seoul South Korea Inha Univ Dept Aerosp Engn Incheon South Korea

Flapping wing micro-air vehicles are biologically inspired by nature flyers, specifically insects and birds. Specifically, insect wings generally consist of veins and membrane components. In this study, a structural analysis considering the vein/membrane components of an insect-like flapping wing is presented. Co-rotational (CR) finite elements are adopted in order to consider the complex wing configuration including both vein and membrane. The CR beam elements with warping degrees of freedom are employed for veins and CR shell elements for the wing membrane. The present structural analysis is verified against the analytical results obtained by an existing software, and it is validated by comparison to existing results from the literature. A fluid-structure interaction analysis is then performed. In the procedure, an aerodynamic analysis based on three-dimensional preconditioned Navier-Stokes equations is employed. Finally, a comparative study with respect to the structural characteristics is conducted. As a result, an efficiency of the present structural analysis is confirmed by comparing with the existing software. It is found that the present FSI results are in good agreement with the existing experimental and numerical results. Moreover, the passive wing twist may have a significant influence on the hover performance.

关键词： Co-rotational beam and shell analysis Fluid-structure interaction Insect-like flapping wing

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Combined inhibition of XIAP and BCL2 drives maximal therapeutic efficacy in genetically diverse aggressive acute myeloid leukemia

NATURE CANCER

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NATURE CANCER 2021年第3期2卷 340-+页

作者： Hashimoto, Mari Saito, Yoriko Nakagawa, Ryo Ogahara, Ikuko Takagi, Shinsuke Takata, Sadaaki Amitani, Hanae Endo, Mikiko Yuki, Hitomi Ramilowski, Jordan A. Severin, Jessica Manabe, Ri-ichiroh Watanabe, Takashi Ozaki, Kokoro Kaneko, Akiko Kajita, Hiroshi Fujiki, Saera Sato, Kaori Honma, Teruki Uchida, Naoyuki Fukami, Takehiro Okazaki, Yasushi Ohara, Osamu Shultz, Leonard D. Yamada, Makoto Taniguchi, Shuichi Vyas, Paresh de Hoon, Michiel Momozawa, Yukihide Ishikawa, Fumihiko RIKEN Ctr Integrat Med Sci Lab Human Dis Models Yokohama Kanagawa Japan Toranomon Gen Hosp Dept Hematol Tokyo Japan RIKEN Ctr Integrat Med Sci Lab Genotyping Dev Yokohama Kanagawa Japan RIKEN Ctr Biosyst Dynam Res Lab Struct Based Mol Design Yokohama Kanagawa Japan RIKEN Ctr Integrat Med Sci Lab Appl Computat Genom Yokohama Kanagawa Japan RIKEN Ctr Integrat Med Sci Lab Comprehens Genom Anal Yokohama Kanagawa Japan RIKEN Ctr Integrat Med Sci Lab Integrat Genom Yokohama Kanagawa Japan RIKEN Program Drug Discovery & Med Technol Platfo Yokohama Kanagawa Japan Jackson Lab 600 Main St Bar Harbor ME 04609 USA RIKEN Ctr Adv Intelligence Project High Dimens Stat Modeling Unit Tokyo Japan Univ Oxford MRC Weatherall Inst Mol Med MRC Mol Haematol Unit Oxford England Univ Oxford Oxford Biomed Res Ctr Oxford England OUH NHS Trust Dept Haematol Oxford England

Ishikawa and colleagues perform integrated genomic and drug-sensitivity screens with extensive PDX modeling and reveal combined XIAP and BCL2 inhibition as a vulnerability hub across AML genetic alterations. Aggressive therapy-resistant and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has an extremely poor outcome. By analyzing a large number of genetically complex and diverse, primary high-risk poor-outcome human AML samples, we identified specific pathways of therapeutic vulnerability. Through drug screens followed by extensive in vivo validation and genomic analyses, we found inhibition of cytosolic and mitochondrial anti-apoptotic proteins XIAP, BCL2 and MCL1, and a key regulator of mitosis, AURKB, as a vulnerability hub based on patient-specific genetic aberrations and transcriptional signatures. Combinatorial therapeutic inhibition of XIAP with an additional patient-specific vulnerability eliminated established AML in vivo in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) bearing diverse genetic aberrations, with no signs of recurrence during off-treatment follow-up. By integrating genomic profiling and drug-sensitivity testing, this work provides a platform for a precision-medicine approach for treating aggressive AML with high unmet need.

关键词： Leukaemia Translational research Life Sciences general

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G-Protein biased opioid agonists: 3-hydroxy-N-phenethyl-5-phenylmorphans with three-carbon chain substituents at C9

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RSC MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2020年第8期11卷 896-904页

作者： Gutman, Eugene S. Bow, Eric Li, Fuying Sulima, Agnieszka Kaska, Sophia Crowley, Rachel Prisinzano, Thomas E. Lee, Yong-Sok Hassan, Sergio A. Imler, Gregory H. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Jacobson, Arthur E. Rice, Kenner C. NIAAA Drug Design & Synth Sect Mol Targets & Medicat Discovery Branch Intramural Res ProgramNIDANIHUS Dept HHS 9800 Med Ctr Dr Bethesda MD 20892 USA Univ Kentucky Dept Pharmaceut Sci Coll Pharm 789 S Limestone St Lexington KY 40536 USA Univ Kansas Dept Med Chem Sch Pharm 1251 Wescoe Hall Dr4070 Malott Lawrence KS 66045 USA NIH Ctr Mol Modeling Ctr Informat Technol US Dept HHS 9800 Med Ctr Dr Bethesda MD 20892 USA Naval Res Lab Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn Washington DC 20375 USA WuXi AppTec Div Res Serv 288 Fute Middle Rd Shanghai 200131 Peoples R China

A series of compounds have been synthesized with a variety of substituents based on a three-carbon chain at the C9-position of 3-hydroxy-N-phenethyl-5-phenylmorphan (3-(2-phenethyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol). Three of these were found to be mu-opioid receptor agonists in the inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation assay and they did not recruit beta-arrestin at all in the PathHunter assay and in the Tango assay. Compound12(3-((1S,5R,9R)-2-phenethyl-9-propyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol),13(3-((1S,5R,9R)-9-((E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl)-2-phenethyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol), and15a(3-((1S,5R,9R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl)-2-phenethyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol) were partial mu-agonists. Two of them had moderate efficacies (E(MAX)ca.65%) and one had lower efficacy, and they wereca.5, 3, and 4 times more potent, respectively, than morphinein vitro. Computer simulations were carried out to provide a molecular basis for the high bias ratios of the C9-substituted 5-phenylmorphans toward G-protein activation.

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Call for transparency of COVI D-19 models

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SCIENCE 2020年第6490期368卷 482-483页

作者： Barton, C. Michael Alberti, Marina Ames, Daniel Atkinson, Jo-An Bales, Jerad Burke, Edmund Chen, Min Diallo, Saikou Y. Earn, David J. D. Fath, Brian Feng, Zhilan Gibbons, Christopher Hammond, Ross Heffernan, Jane Houser, Heather Hovmand, Peter S. Kopainsky, Birgit Mabry, Patricia L. Mair, Christina Meier, Petra Niles, Rebecca Nosek, Brian Osgood, Nathaniel Pierce, Suzanne Polhill, J. Gareth Prosser, Lisa Robinson, Erin Rosenzweig, Cynthia Sankaran, Shankar Stange, Kurt Tucker, Gregory Network Computat Modeling Social & Ecol Sci Tempe AZ USA Urban Eco Evolutionary Res Network Seattle WA USA Int Environm Modelling & Software Soc Manno Ticino Switzerland Comp Simulat & Adv Res Technol Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Syst Modeling & Simulat Brain & Mind Ctr Sydney NSW Australia Consortium Univ Adv Hydrol Sci Inc Cambridge MA USA Operat Res Soc Birmingham W Midlands England Nanjing Normal Univ Open Geog Modeling & Simulat Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Soc Modeling & Simulat Int Suffolk VA USA Soc Math Biol Math Epidemiol Subgrp Governing Comm W Lafayette IN USA Int Soc Ecol Modeling Severna Pk MD USA Business Intelligence Team City Sheffield Sheffield S Yorkshire England Brookings Inst Ctr Social Dynam & Policy Washington DC USA Univ Texas Austin Planet Texas 2050 Bridging Barriers Program Austin TX 78712 USA Washington Univ Social Syst Design Lab St Louis MO 63110 USA Univ Bergen Syst Dynam Grp Bergen Norway HealthPartners Inst Minneapolis MN USA Univ Pittsburgh Ctr Social Dynam & Community Hlth Pittsburgh PA USA Syst Sci Publ Hlth & Hlth Econ Res Consortium Sheffield S Yorkshire England Syst Dynam Soc Albany NY USA Ctr Open Sci Charlottesville VA USA Univ Saskatchewan Computat Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Informat Saskatoon SK Canada Syst Sci Hlth Saskatoon SK Canada Intelligent Syst & Geosci Res Coordinat Network Austin TX USA European Social Simulat Assoc Zurich Switzerland Soc Med Decis Making Bridgewater NJ USA Earth Sci Informat Partners Boulder CO USA Agr Model Intercomparison & Improvement Project New York NY USA Int Soc Syst Sci Ashland KY USA Case Western Reserve Univ Ctr Community Hlth Integrat Cleveland OH 44106 USA Community Surface Dynam Modeling Syst Boulder CO USA

A hallmark of science is the open exchange of knowledge. At this time of crisis, it is more important than ever for scientists around the world to openly share their knowledge, expertise, tools, and technology. Scientific models are critical tools for anticipating, predicting, and responding to complex biological, social, and environmental crises, including pandemics. They are essential for guiding regional and national governments in designing health, social, and economic policies to manage the spread of disease and lessen its impacts. However, presenting modeling results alone is not enough. Scientists must also openly share their model code so that the results can be replicated and evaluated.

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A chemical biology approach reveals a dependency of glioblastoma on biotin distribution

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SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021年第36期7卷 000-000页

作者： Yoon, Jeehyun Grinchuk, Oleg, V Kannan, Srinivasaraghavan Ang, Melgious Jin Yan Li, Zhenglin Tay, Emmy Xue Yun Lok, Ker Zhing Lee, Bernice Woon Li Chuah, You Heng Chia, Kimberly Magallanes, Roberto Tirado Liu, Chenfei Zhao, Haonan Hor, Jin Hui Lim, Jhin Jieh Benoukraf, Touati Toh, Tan Boon Chow, Edward Kai-Hua Kovalik, Jean-Paul Ching, Jianhong Ng, Shi-Yan Koh, Ming Joo Liu, Xiaogang Verma, Chandra Shekhar Ong, Derrick Sek Tong Natl Univ Singapore Yong Loo Lin Sch Med Dept Physiol Singapore 117593 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore NUS Ctr Canc Res Yong Loo Lin Sch Med Singapore Singapore ASTAR Biomol Modeling & Design Div Bioinformat Inst Singapore 138671 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Dept Chem Singapore 117543 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore NUS Grad Sch Integrat Sci & Engn NGS Singapore 119077 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Yong Loo Lin Sch Med Canc Sci Inst Singapore Singapore 117599 Singapore ASTAR Inst Mol & Cell Biol IMCB Singapore Singapore Mem Univ Newfoundland Fac Med Div BioMed Sci St John NF A1B 3V6 Canada Natl Univ Singapore N1 Inst Hlth Singapore Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Yong Loo Lin Sch Med Inst Digital Med WisDM Singapore Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Yong Loo Lin Sch Med Dept Pharmacol Singapore 117597 Singapore Duke NUS Med Sch Cardiovasc & Metab Disorders Program Singapore 169857 Singapore Natl Neurosci Inst Singapore 308433 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Dept Biol Sci Singapore 117558 Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Biol Sci Singapore 637551 Singapore

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a uniformly lethal disease driven by glioma stem cells (GSCs). Here, we use a chemical biology approach to unveil previously unknown GBM dependencies. By studying sulconazole (SN) with anti-GSC properties, we find that SN disrupts biotin distribution to the carboxylases and histones. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of SN-treated GSCs reveal metabolic alterations that are characteristic of biotin-deficient cells, including intracellular cholesterol depletion, impairment of oxidative phosphorylation, and energetic crisis. Furthermore, SN treatment reduces histone biotinylation, histone acetylation, and expression of superenhancer-associated GSC critical genes, which are also observed when biotin distribution is genetically disrupted by holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) depletion. HLCS silencing impaired GSC tumorigenicity in an orthotopic xenograft brain tumor model. In GBM, high HLCS expression robustly indicates a poor prognosis. Thus, the dependency of GBM on biotin distribution suggests that the rational cotargeting of biotin-dependent metabolism and epigenetic pathways may be explored for GSC eradication.

关键词： Stem cells

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Structure and analyze the football value chain in Brazil

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MARKETING & SPONSORSHIP 2019年第2期20卷 258-275页

作者： Serrano, Rosiane Lacerda, Daniel Pacheco Cassel, Ricardo Augusto Dresch, Aline Wolf Motta Morandi, Maria Isabel Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Rio Grande Sul Sch Fash Design Res Grp Proc & Fash Prod Erechim Brazil Univ Vale Rio dos Sinos Prod & Syst Engn Grad Program Sao Leopoldo Brazil Univ Vale Rio dos Sinos Sch Polytech Res Grp Modeling Learning GMAP UNISINOS Sao Leopoldo Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Sch Engn Dept Ind & Transportat Engn Porto Alegre RS Brazil

Purpose - Football is deployed into various segments and consists of a complex value chain, with interrelationships and circularities. It is relevant in various segments and therefore it is important to understand the structure. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present a model of a football value chain and the managerial implications inherent to this chain. design/methodology/approach - This research used a field study as its methodology, developing a semi-structured questionnaire containing open-ended questions about the representativeness of the football value chain. In-depth interviews with specialists in football were performed to collect data. Findings - The results of the interviews indicated that the theoretical model is representative. Furthermore, through validation, the relevance and representativeness of the football value chain was shown, as well as its interrelationships with the other commodity and service segments. In addition, it was found that this segment is relevant and influential in the national and international market, and can be considered a factor of economic and social development. Research limitations/implications - This paper provides a view of the actors who make up the football value chain, and also supplies a complementary view to the models of chains presented in the theoretical review, enabling the provision of evidence on the axis with greater added value as a new step. The limitation of this research involves the context approached, because as identified throughout the investigation, this context is complex and dynamic. In this way, the linear approach used to construct this chain led to a reduced view of reality and of present relationships. Practical implications - The model shows the presence of the main actors and the structure for the transformation of raw material into a final product, and is useful to understand the existing relationships and the layers of added value. Social implications - The evaluation of the concept

关键词： Value chain Football Model of a football value chain Theoretical review

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Transmembrane 4 L Six Family Member 5 Senses Arginine for mTORC1 Signaling

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CELL METABOLISM 2019年第6期29卷 1306-+页

作者： Jung, Jae Woo Macalino, Stephani Joy Y. Cui, Minghua Kim, Ji Eon Kim, Hye-Jin Song, Dae-Geun Nam, Seo Hee Kim, Semi Choi, Sun Lee, Jung Weon Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Genet Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea Ewha Womans Univ Coll Pharm Natl Leading Res Lab Mol Modeling & Drug Design Seoul 03760 South Korea Ewha Womans Univ Grad Sch Pharmaceut Sci Seoul 03760 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Coll Pharm Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci Dept Pharm Seoul 08826 South Korea KIST Syst Biotechnol Res Ctr Gangneung Si 25451 Gangwon Do South Korea Immunotherapy Convergence Res Ctr Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Daejon 34141 South Korea

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1) is a signaling hub on the lysosome surface, responding to lysosomal amino acids. Although arginine is metabolically important, the physiological arginine sensor that activates mTOR remains unclear. Here, we show that transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) translocates from plasma membrane to lysosome upon arginine sufficiency and senses arginine, culminating in mTORC1/S6K1 activation. TM4SF5 bound active mTOR upon arginine sufficiency and constitutively bound amino acid transporter SLC38A9. TM4SF5 binding to the cytosolic arginine sensor Castor1 decreased upon arginine sufficiency, thus allowing TM4SF5-mediated sensing of metabolic amino acids. TM4SF5 directly bound free L-arginine via its extracellular loop possibly for the efflux, being supported by mutant study and homology and molecular docking modeling. Therefore, we propose that lysosomal TM4SF5 senses and enables arginine efflux for mTORC1/S6K1 activation, and arginine-auxotroph in hepatocellular carcinoma may be targeted by blocking the arginine sensing using anti-TM4SF5 reagents.

关键词： amino acid transporter arginine sensor homology modeling lysosome metabolism molecular docking modeling mTOR protein interaction tetraspanin trafficking TM4SF5

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Optimized Packing Clusters of Objects in a Rectangular Container

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2019年第1期2019卷

作者： Romanova, T. Pankratov, A. Litvinchev, I. Pankratova, Yu. Urniaieva, I. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine Inst Mech Engn Problems Dept Math Modeling & Optimal Design UA-61046 Kharkov Ukraine Nuevo Leon State Univ UANL Grad Program Syst Engn San Nicolas De Los Garza Mexico Kharkiv Natl Univ Radio Elect Dept Syst Engn UA-6116 Kharkov Ukraine

A packing (layout) problem for a number of clusters (groups) composed of convex objects (e.g., circles, ellipses, or convex polygons) is considered. The clusters have to be packed into a given rectangular container subject to nonoverlapping between objects within a cluster. Each cluster is represented by the convex hull of objects that form the cluster. Two clusters are said to be nonoverlapping if their convex hulls do not overlap. A cluster is said to be entirely in the container if so is its convex hull. All objects in the cluster have the same shape (different sizes are allowed) and can be continuously translated and rotated. The objective of optimized packing is constructing a maximum sparse layout for clusters subject to nonoverlapping and containment conditions for clusters and objects. Here the term sparse means that clusters are sufficiently distant one from another. New quasi-phi-functions and phi-functions to describe analytically nonoverlapping, containment and distance constraints for clusters are introduced. The layout problem is then formulated as a nonlinear nonconvex continuous problem. A novel algorithm to search for locally optimal solutions is developed. Computational results are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of our approach. This research is motivated by a container-loading problem;however similar problems arise naturally in many other packing/cutting/clustering issues.

关键词： Containers

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