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Imp: Highly Capable Large Multimodal Models for Mobile Devices

IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 2961-2974页

作者： Shao, Zhenwei Yu, Zhou Yu, Jun Ouyang, Xuecheng Zheng, Lihao Gai, Zhenbiao Wang, Mingyang Kuang, Zhenzhong Ding, Jiajun Hangzhou Dianzi University Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation School of Computer Science Hangzhou310005 China Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Department of Computer Science and Technology Shenzhen China Hangzhou Dianzi University HDU-ITMO Joint Institute Hangzhou310005 China

By harnessing the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), recent large multimodal models (LMMs) have shown remarkable versatility in open-world multimodal understanding. Nevertheless, they are usually parameter-heavy and computation-intensive, thus hindering their applicability in resource-constrained scenarios. To this end, several lightweight LMMs have been proposed successively to maximize the capabilities under constrained scale (e.g., 3B). Despite the encouraging results achieved by these methods, most of them only focus on one or two aspects of the design space, and the key design choices that influence model capability have not yet been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, we conduct a systematic study for lightweight LMMs from the aspects of model architecture, training strategy, and training data. Based on our findings, we obtain Imp - a family of highly capable LMMs at the 2B$\sim$4B scales. Notably, our Imp-3B model steadily outperforms all the existing lightweight LMMs of similar size, and even surpasses the state-of-the-art LMMs at the 13B scale. With low-bit quantization and resolution reduction techniques, our Imp model can be deployed on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 8Gen3 mobile chip with a high inference speed of about 13 tokens/s. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Visual languages

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Multi-Cell Discrete-Time SIRI Epidemic Model with Travel Restrictions and Vaccination Controls

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International Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics 2024年第6期10卷 1-20页

作者： Zouhri, Samira El Baroudi, Mohcine Laarabi, Hassan Laboratory of Analysis Modeling and Simulation (LAMS) Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sik Hassan II University of Casablanca BP 7955 Sidi Othman Casablanca Morocco

In this paper, we propose a multi-cell discrete-time SIRI epidemic model that describes the spatial-temporal spread of an infectious disease in a geographical domain represented as a grid of cells (regions) divided into p² cells. We assume that people can move between these cells due to their connectivity. To investigate the efficacy of travel restrictions and vaccination in preventing epidemic spread, we include two control variables in our model. We aim to reduce the number of infected individuals in each cell designated as infectious by the health authority, while also minimizing the expenses associated with implementing the travel ban and vaccination efforts. We develop an optimal control approach using the definition of a supplementary function that identifies the automatic activation of travel restrictions and vaccination in every cell according to health authority decisions. We present numerical results testing the spread of epidemics without any intervention, applying travel restrictions only, implementing vaccination only, and combining the two strategies. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature India Private Limited 2024.

关键词： Discrete SIRI model Multi-cell Optimal control Travel restrictions Vaccination

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Optimal Control in a Mathematical Model for the Occurrence of Electronic Cheating in Certification Exams;Baccalaureate Exams in Morocco as an Example

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Operations Research Forum 2024年第4期5卷 104页

作者： El Mansouri, Abdelbar Khajji, Bouchaib Labzai, Abderrahim Belam, Mohamed Laboratory LMACS Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Khouribga Polydisciplinary Faculty Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni Mellal Morocco Laboratory of Analysis Modeling and Simulation Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik Hassan II University of Casablanca Casablanca Morocco

Researchers across a range of fields have raised concerns about the serious rise in the phenomenon of school cheating among pupils and students, which has a negative impact on the quality of education and training. This is because cheating has gone from being an unacceptable act to being a” legitimate right” for a large group of students. Here, we offer a model using mathematics to attempt to understand how this scandalous occurrence spreads among Moroccan students, particularly those in their second year of baccalaureate, and we also examine the effectiveness of some of the suggested solutions. Our method leverages Pontryagin’s maximum principle to identify the best control strategies, and we then apply iterative methods to solve the system that results. Lastly, we validate our theoretical analysis with numerical simulations conducted using MATLAB. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： 34H05 34K28 34K35 49J25 93C15 Academic performance Cheating practices Objective functional Pontryagin’s maximum principle School cheating

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WANT TO BUILD A MOONBASE? THE simulation EXPLORATION EXPERIENCE (SEE) 12

WANT TO BUILD A MOONBASE? THE SIMULATION EXPLORATION EXPERIE...

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12th Operational Research Society simulation Workshop 2025, SW 2025

作者： Ghorbani, Maziar Taylor, Simon J.E. Abubakar, Nura T. Aatreya, Hridyanshu Anagnostou, Anastasia Curry, Damon Brunel University London Modeling & Simulation Group Department of Computer Science UxbridgeUB8 3PH United Kingdom Pitch Technologies US 37 North Orange Avenue Suite 545 OrlandoFL32801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331315078

The simulation Exploration Experience (SEE) is an annual international initiative that brings together teams of students, researchers, and professionals to collaboratively design and implement distributed simulations for space exploration. The project allows student teams from universities worldwide to develop and integrate simulations of critical systems such as transportation, communication, and resource management. This paper outlines how students design and contribute to different aspects of the moonbase simulation, utilizing High-Level Architecture (HLA) for simulation interoperability and integrating 3D visualizations. Additionally, it highlights the educational benefits of the SEE, offering students hands-on experience in distributed simulation technologies, space mission planning, and collaborative problem-solving, with support from NASA volunteers, the simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO), and other industry partners. © 2025 SW 2025 - OR Society 12th simulation Workshop, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： NASA

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Exploring Large Language Models for Analyzing Changes in Web Archive Content: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation Approach

Exploring Large Language Models for Analyzing Changes in Web...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2024

作者： Botello, Jhon G. Frew, Lesley Padilla, Jose J. Weigle, Michele C. Old Dominion University Department of Computer Science NorfolkVA United States Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center Old Dominion University NorfolkVA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

Websites typically display only their most recent content. However, the dynamic nature of the web leads to frequent updates and deletions. Web archives preserve snapshots of earlier versions for those interested in tracking changes over time. Analyzing these changes often requires a manual process that relies on traditional methods focused on terms or phrase-level differences. This study explores the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4o, through a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) approach for detecting changes in archived web pages. Using WARC-GPT, a RAG pipeline to interact with Web ARChive (WARC) files, we identify and analyze changes across a small set of U.S. federal environmental web pages that changed between 2016 and 2020. Our findings show that GPT-4o can effectively be used to detect inconsistencies in web archive content, including consideration of the change and the semantic context upon which the changes occurred. Our exploration represents an initial step toward using Artificial Intelligence (AI) for deeper and scalable web change analysis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid

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Journal of Engineering and Applied science 2024年第1期71卷 57页

作者： Ferdows, Mohammad Shamshuddin, M.D. Rashad, Ahmed Mohammed Murtaza, Md Gulum Salawu, Sulyman Olakunle Research Group of Fluid Flow Modeling and Simulation Department of Applied Mathematics University of Dhaka Dhaka1000 Bangladesh SR University Telangana State Warangal506371 India Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Aswan University Aswan81528 Egypt Department of Mathematics Comilla University Cumilla3506 Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Bowen University Iwo Nigeria

This project covers the investigation of the boundary layer flow of a hybrid nanofluid past a biaxial stretching/shrinking sheet. The hybrid nanofluid consists of copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles, which are diluted into water to form Cu-Al2O3- water hybrid nanofluid. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are derived from Navier-Stokes equations. The system of PDEs is reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations using an appropriate similarity transformation. MATLAB’s bvp4c function is used to numerically solve the resulting system of governing ordinary differential equations. The aim of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the intricate behavior displayed by hybrid nanofluids on the stagnant directed flow of extended/shrunk flat surfaces, considering the effects of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and various nanoparticles. The generated numerical results of flow profiles, skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt number have been presented graphically and discussed in the relevance of the governing parameters contributing to the flow. The outcomes reveal that the velocity components are reduced with increasing Al2O3- water nanofluid volume fraction. A monotonical increase in the parameters stretching/shrinking and suction/injection with a corresponding rise in both nanoparticles volume fraction propels heat gradient rate. An increase in the Schmidt numbers encourages a mass transfer field due to an enhanced boundary viscosity. The validation of numerical results is done with previously published results. Through our results, we have found that the performance of a hybrid nanofluid is more significant than other fluids. In addition, this study enhances the progress of theoretical comprehension by endeavoring to resolve the intricate interplay between fluid dynamics and thermal characteristics through the utilization of numerical approaches. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Flee 3: Flexible Agent-Based simulation for Forced Migration

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ghorbani, Maziar Suleimenova, Diana Jahani, Alireza Saha, Arindam Xue, Yani Mintram, Kate Anagnostou, Anastasia Tas, Auke Low, William Taylor, Simon J.E. Groen, Derek Modeling & Simulation Group Department of Computer Science Brunel University London United Kingdom Save the Children International London United Kingdom

We present Flee 3, an agent-based software tool for simulating forced migration due to conflict, aiding humanitarian organisations in emergency planning, and predicting displacement scenarios. Flee 3 introduces adaptable rules for agent movement and creation, along with a more refined model that considers factors like food security, ethnicity, religion, gender, and/or age. These improvements expand Flee’s applicability to various situations, including internal displacement and non-conflict-driven migration. We validate Flee 3 through simulations of historical conflicts in Asia and Africa, comparing results with UNHCR refugee data from ten different conflicts, and achieve an average relative difference of less than 0.5 or over 75\% forecasting accuracy. We also confirm that Flee 3 can scale to thousands of cores for real-world simulation problems, such as modelling migration in the Ukraine conflict. To showcase the relevance of Flee to practitioners, summarize two use cases: one involving a large migration research project and one involving an international NGO. Flee 3 is available at https://***/djgroen/flee/releases/tag/v3.1 and documented on https://***. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Food supply

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Scene Synthesis with Automated Generation of Textual Descriptions

Scene Synthesis with Automated Generation of Textual Descrip...

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43rd Annual Conference on European Association for computer Graphics, EUROGRAPHICS 2022

作者： Müller-Huschke, J. Ritter, M. Harders, M. Interactive Graphics and Simulation Group The Department of Computer Science University of Innsbruck Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783038681694

Most current research on automatically captioning and describing scenes with spatial content focuses on images. We outline that generating descriptive text for a synthesized 3D scene can be achieved via a suitable intermediate representation employed in the synthesis algorithm. As an example, we synthesize scenes of medieval village settings, and generate their descriptions. Our system employs graph grammars, Markov Chain Monte Carlo optimization, and a natural language generation pipeline. Randomly placed objects are evaluated and optimized by a cost function capturing neighborhood relations, path layouts, and collisions. Further, in a pilot study we assess the performance of our framework by comparing the generated descriptions to others provided by human subjects. While the latter were often short and low-effort, the highest-rated ones clearly outperform our generated ones. Nevertheless, the average of all collected human descriptions was indeed rated by the study participants as being less accurate than the automated ones. © 2022 The Author(s).

关键词： Cost functions

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Object Detection Using Mask R-CNN on a Custom Dataset of Tumbling Satellite 5th

Object Detection Using Mask R-CNN on a Custom Dataset of Tum...

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5th International Conference on Soft Computing and Signal Processing, ICSCSP 2022

作者： Anjali, P.C. Thangavel, Senthil Kumar Lagisetty, Ravi Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita University Coimbatore India Mission Simulation Group URRAO Satellite Centre ISRO Bangalore Platform and Specifition Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9789811986680

Object detection is one of the most important aspects in remote applications like space docking, uncooperative satellite locating, etc. Most of the technologies employ this task using various machine learning as well as deep learning models. The main criteria that differentiate these models are their performance, accuracy, and doing the prediction successfully. Some of the widely used models for object detection are CNN-based, like ResNet, YOLO model, etc. Object detection plays a key role in locating satellite objects in images and thereby helping in the estimation of their relative pose. The main objective of this paper is to explore the object detection operation using a region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) model called Mask region-based convolutional neural network (Mask R-CNN) on a custom dataset. Our dataset consists of tumbling satellite images, captured using a 3-axis motion simulator. The detection result is then utilized by the SORT object tracker to track the tumbling satellite in the video frames. Here, we are exploiting the masked output from the model and then performing corner detection to trace them in continuous frames using SORT tracker. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Object detection

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APT Adversarial Defence Mechanism for Industrial IoT Enabled Cyber-Physical System

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IEEE Access 2023年 11卷 74000-74020页

作者： Javed, Safdar Hussain Ahmad, Maaz Bin Asif, Muhammad Akram, Waseem Mahmood, Khalid Das, Ashok Kumar Shetty, Sachin College of Computing and Information Sciences Karachi75190 Pakistan Lahore Garrison University Department of Computer Science Lahore54810 Pakistan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan International Institute of Information Technology at Hyderabad Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic Research Hyderabad500032 India Old Dominion University Simulation and Visualization Engineering Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center Department of Modeling SuffolkVA23435 United States Old Dominion University Center for Cybersecurity Education and Research SuffolkVA23435 United States

The objective of Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks is to exploit Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) in combination with the Industrial Internet of Things (I-IoT) by using fast attack methods. Machine learning (ML) techniques have shown potential in identifying APT attacks in autonomous and malware detection systems. However, detecting hidden APT attacks in the I-IoT-enabled CPS domain and achieving real-time accuracy in detection present significant challenges for these techniques. To overcome these issues, a new approach is suggested that is based on the Graph Attention Network (GAN), a multi-dimensional algorithm that captures behavioral features along with the relevant information that other methods do not deliver. This approach utilizes masked self-attentional layers to address the limitations of prior Deep Learning (DL) methods that rely on convolutions. Two datasets, the DAPT2020 malware, and Edge I-IoT datasets are used to evaluate the approach, and it attains the highest detection accuracy of 96.97% and 95.97%, with prediction time of 20.56 seconds and 21.65 seconds, respectively. The GAN approach is compared to conventional ML algorithms, and simulation results demonstrate a significant performance improvement over these algorithms in the I-IoT-enabled CPS realm. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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