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TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Scherer, William T. Tolk, Andreas Loper, Margaret L. Barry, Philip Rabadi, Ghaith Yilmaz, Levent The MITRE Corporation Modeling and Analysis Innovation Center 1001 Research Park Blvd #200 CharlottesvilleVA22911 United States Georgia Tech Research Institute Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30308 United States University of Virgina Department of Systems and Information Engineering CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States L3Harris Corporation Mission Analysis Group 2235 Monroe Street HerndonVA20171 United States University of Central Florida School of Modeling Simulation and Training 3100 Technology Pkwy OrlandoFL32826 United States Auburn University Samuel Ginn College of Engineering Computer Science and Software Engineering AuburnAL36849 United States

The position paper summarizes the inputs of a set of experts from academia and industry presenting their view on chances and challenges of using ChatGPT within the Modelling and simulation education. They also address the need to evaluate continuous education as well as education of faculty members to address scholastic challenges and opportunities while meeting the expectation of industry. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： modeling languages

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Analog Quantum Simulator of a Quantum Field Theory with Fermion-Spin Systems in Silicon

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Rad, Ali Schuckert, Alexander Crane, Eleanor Nambiar, Gautam Fei, Fan Wyrick, Jonathan Silver, Richard M. Hafezi, Mohammad Davoudi, Zohreh Gullans, Michael J. Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Joint Quantum Institute NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States The NSF Institute for Robust Quantum Simulation University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Atom Scale Device Group National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Simulating fermions coupled to spin degrees of freedom, relevant for a range of quantum field theories, represents a promising application for quantum simulators. Mapping fermions to qubits is challenging in 2 + 1 and higher spacetime dimensions, and mapping bosons demands substantial quantum-computational overhead. These features complicate the realization of mixed fermion-boson quantum systems in digital quantum computers. We propose a native fermion-(large-)spin analog quantum simulator by utilizing dopant arrays in silicon. Specifically, we show how to use a dynamical lattice of coupled nuclear spins and conduction-band electrons to realize a quantum field theory: an extended Jackiw-Rebbi model involving coupled fermions and quantum rotors. We demonstrate the feasibility of observing dynamical mass generation and a confinement-deconfinement quantum phase transition in 1+1 dimensions on this platform, even in the presence of strong long-range Coulomb interactions. Furthermore, we employ finite-temperature Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov simulations to investigate the dynamics of mass generation in two-dimensional square and honeycomb arrays, showing that this phenomenon can be simulated with realistic experimental parameters. Our findings reveal two distinct phases, and demonstrate robustness against the addition of Coulomb interactions. Finally, we discuss experimental signatures of the phases through transport and local charge sensing in dopant arrays. This study lays the foundation for quantum simulations of quantum field theories exhibiting fermions coupled to spin degrees of freedom using donors in silicon. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Many-Joint Robot Arm Control with recurrent spiking neural networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Traub, Manuel Legenstein, Robert Otte, Sebastian The Neuro-Cognitive Modeling Group The Computer Science Department University of Tübingen Sand 14 Tübingen72076 Germany The Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 16b Graz8010 Austria

In the paper, we show how scalable, low-cost trunk-like robotic arms can be constructed using only basic 3D-printing equipment and simple electronics. The design is based on uniform, stackable joint modules with three degrees of freedom each. Moreover, we present an approach for controlling these robots with recurrent spiking neural networks. At first, a spiking forward model learns motor-pose correlations from movement observations. After training, intentions can be projected back through unrolled spike trains of the forward model essentially routing the intention-driven motor gradients towards the respective joints, which unfolds goal-direction navigation. We demonstrate that spiking neural networks can thus effectively control trunk-like robotic arms with up to 75 articulated degrees of freedom with near millimeter accuracy. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robotic arms

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Multi-task Paired Masking with Alignment modeling for Medical Vision-Language Pre-training

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Ke Yang, Yan Yu, Jun Jiang, Hanliang Fan, Jianping Huang, Qingming Han, Weidong The Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou310016 China AI Lab at Lenovo Research 100094 China The School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China The Department of Medical Oncology at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China The College of Mathematical Medicine Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua China

In recent years, the growing demand for medical imaging diagnosis has placed a significant burden on radiologists. As a solution, Medical Vision-Language Pre-training (Med-VLP) methods have been proposed to learn universal representations from medical images and reports, benefiting downstream tasks without requiring fine-grained annotations. However, existing methods have overlooked the importance of cross-modal alignment in joint image-text reconstruction, resulting in insufficient cross-modal interaction. To address this limitation, we propose a unified Med-VLP framework based on Multi-task Paired Masking with Alignment (MPMA) to integrate the cross-modal alignment task into the joint image-text reconstruction framework to achieve more comprehensive cross-modal interaction, while a Global and Local Alignment (GLA) module is designed to assist self-supervised paradigm in obtaining semantic representations with rich domain knowledge. Furthermore, we introduce a Memory-Augmented Cross-Modal Fusion (MA-CMF) module to fully integrate visual information to assist report reconstruction and fuse the multi-modal representations adequately. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed unified approach outperforms previous methods in all downstream tasks, including uni-modal, cross-modal, and multimodal tasks. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Alignment

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Association of PM_(2.5)Reduction with Improved Kidney Function:A Nationwide Quasiexperiment among Chinese Adults

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Health Data science 2022年第1期2022卷 115-123页

作者： Yiqun Han Tao Xue Frank J.Kelly Yixuan Zheng Yao Yao Jiajianghui Li Jiwei Li Chun Fan Pengfei Li Tong Zhu Environmental Research Group MRC Centre for Environment and HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringCenter for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning100012 BeijingChina China Center for Health Development Studies Peking UniversityBeijingChina College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Computer Center Peking University and Peng Cheng LaboratoryChina Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking UniversityChina

*** evidence from human studies has revealed the adverse impact of ambient fine particles(PM_(2.5))on health outcomes related to metabolic disorders and distant *** exposure to ambient PM_(2.5)leads to kidney impairment remains *** rapid air quality improvement driven by the clean air actions in China since 2013 provides an opportunity for a quasiexperiment to investigate the beneficial effect of PM_(2.5)reduction on kidney *** on two repeated nationwide surveys of the same population of 5115 adults in 2011 and 2015,we conducted a difference-indifference *** in long-term exposure to ambient PM_(2.5)were associated with changes in kidney function biomarkers,including estimated glomerular filtration rate by serum creatinine(GFRscr)or cystatin C(GFRcys),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and uric acid(UA).*** a 10μg/m^(3)reduction in PM_(2.5),a significant improvement was observed for multiple kidney functional biomarkers,including GFRscr,BUN and UA,with a change of 0.42(95%confidence interval[CI]:0.06,0.78)mL/min/1.73m^(2),-0.38(-0.64,-0.12)mg/dL,and-0.06(-0.12,-0.00)mg/dL,respectively.A lower socioeconomic status,indicated by rural residence or low educational level,enhanced the adverse effect of PM_(2.5)on kidney *** results support a significant nephrotoxicity of PM_(2.5)based on multiple serum biomarkers and indicate a beneficial effect of improved air quality on kidney function.

关键词： Kidney organs ambient

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Enforcing security and privacy in distributed ledgers by intel SGX

Enforcing security and privacy in distributed ledgers by int...

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2020 Spring simulation Multiconference, SpringSim 2020

作者： Liang, Xueping Shetty, Sachin Foytik, Peter Tosh, Deepak Department of Engineering and Computer Science Virginia State University 1 Hayden St PetersburgVA23806 United States Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center Old Dominion University 1030 University Blvd SuffolkVA23435 United States Department of Computer Science University of Texas at El Paso 500 W University Ave El PasoTX79968 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713812883

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) utilizes an architecture that can host a large number of nodes without pre-established trust to provide decentralized services. The blockchain is the most widely used architecture of distributed ledger, where transactions across the whole network are visible to all participants in a chain to prevent tampering. However, transactions may contain sensitive information such as business contract. To secure the system and protect user privacy, we propose a multi-channel architecture that leverages Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX). We illustrate how SGX capabilities help to defend against attacks on distributed ledgers, by way of SGX enforcement on the participating machines. We adopt the design and implementation of a two layer architecture for securing the blockchain mining process and enhancing the transaction privacy. The security analysis and performance evaluation show that the design and protocols are capable of protecting privacy, defending against adversarial attacks and scalable. © 2020 Society for modeling & simulation International (SCS)

关键词： Blockchain

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Multi-Material, Approach-Guided, Controlled-Resolution Breast Meshing for Fe-Based Interactive Surgery simulation

Multi-Material, Approach-Guided, Controlled-Resolution Breas...

引用

Annual modeling and simulation Conference (ANNSIM)

作者： Motaz Alqaoud John Plemmons Eric Feliberti Krishnanand Kaipa Gabor Fichtinger Yiming Xiao Tanweer Rashid Michel Audette Biomedical Engineering Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA Department of Radiology Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk VA USA Department of Surgery Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk VA USA Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA School of Computing Queen’s University Kingston ON Canada Computer Science & Software Engineering Concordia University Montreal QC Canada Neuroimage Analytics Laboratory University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio TX USA Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA

This paper proposes a guided, controlled resolution framework for 3D multi-material meshing. Using data from magnetic resonance (MR) images, we efficiently focused on demonstrating our framework for patient-specific breast cases. As a result, we can preserve the shared boundaries and enhance the resolution without negating the aspect of simulation computing time needed for finite element analysis (FEA). Our output is a high-quality volumetric mesh comprising 21K cells representing the three main parts for breast surgery simulation and planning, fat, fibroglandular (FGT), and tumor mass. Our approach combines three steps, surface meshing, surface mesh decimation, and generating a volumetric mesh. We showed experimental results for every stage and compared our final output to other literature, proving our method's efficiency in an accurate, simple, and high-quality presentation of a patient-specific breast meshing.

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Intrinsic Motivation in Dynamical Control Systems

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PRX Life 2024年第3期2卷 033009页

作者： Stas Tiomkin Ilya Nemenman Daniel Polani Naftali Tishby Computer Engineering Department Charles W. Davidson College of Engineering Department of Biology Department of Physics and Initiative in Theory and Modeling of Living Systems Adaptive Systems Research Group The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering and Edmond and Lilly Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC)

Biological systems often choose actions without an explicit reward signal, a phenomenon known as intrinsic motivation. The computational principles underlying this behavior remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate an information-theoretic approach to intrinsic motivation, based on maximizing an agent's empowerment (the mutual information between its past actions and future states). We show that this approach generalizes previous attempts to formalize intrinsic motivation, and we provide a computationally efficient algorithm for computing the necessary quantities. We test our approach on several benchmark control problems, and we explain its success in guiding intrinsically motivated behaviors by relating our information-theoretic control function to fundamental properties of the dynamical system representing the combined agent-environment system. This opens the door for designing practical artificial, intrinsically motivated controllers and for linking animal behaviors to their dynamical properties.

关键词： Engineering Information & communication theory Neuroscience, neural computation & artificial intelligence Dynamical systems Machine learning

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Comparative Methodological Approaches for Analyzing Margin of Stability During Normal Walking

Comparative Methodological Approaches for Analyzing Margin o...

引用

3D Analysis of Human Movement (3DAHM), International Symposium on

作者： Magalí Sganga Federico Villagra Otar Akanyeti Emiliano Pablo Ravera Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud Laboratorio de Investigación del Movimiento Humano Universidad Maimónides Universidad Nacional de La Matanza Buenos Aires Argentina Department of Life Sciences Carwyn James Building Penglais Campus Aberystwyth University Aberystwyth Wales UK Department of Computer Science Aberystwyth University Aberystwyth Wales UK Group of Analysis Modeling Processing and Clinician Implementation of Biomechanical Signals and Systems. IBB CONICET-UNER. Human Movement Research Laboratory National University of Entre Rios Oro Verde Argentina

ISBN: (数字)9798331521738

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509842

A comprehensive evaluation of pathological gait patterns is essential for understanding the underlying pathology and its progression to deliver personalized treatments. One quantitative indicator for assessing fall risks during walking is margin of stability (MoS), a measure of instantaneous mechanical stability derived from the dynamic relationship between the extrapolated center of mass (CoM) and the center of pressure. However, extrapolating CoM during movement is not straightforward, and there is an undesired variability induced by the selected measurement protocol, which often depends on the available technology. Up until now, the extent of this variability has not been investigated systematically. This study compares four different CoM estimation methods. Based on the Conventional Gait Model, the first two methods estimate CoM using virtual sacrum (1) and pelvis centroid (2). The third method estimates CoM from ground reaction force (3), and the last method uses the accelerometer and gyroscope data from a smartphone mounted on the lower back. 21 healthy subjects (10 female, 11 male, age: 31.7 ± 9.0 years; BMI: 24.7 ± 3.5 kg m- 2 ) walked on an instrumented treadmill at a fixed speed at 1.3 m s -1 for 3 minutes. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, including temporal and normalized gait cycle analysis, focusing on the minimum and maximum MoS, and its ranges during walking. SPMld with paired t-tests was employed for the analysis. Our results suggest that CoM estimation varies significantly depending on the selected measurement protocol and technology which should be considered while reporting and

关键词： Legged locomotion Pathology Protocols Three-dimensional displays Statistical analysis Estimation Position measurement Stability analysis Pressure measurement Pelvis

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Hybrid nanofluid flow towards an elastic surface with tantalum and nickel nanoparticles, under the influence of an induced magnetic field

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The European Physical Journal Special Topics 2021年第3期231卷 521-533页

作者： Zhang, Lijun Bhatti, M. M. Michaelides, Efstathios E. Marin, M. Ellahi, R. College of Mathematics and Systems Science Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China International Institute for Symmetry Analysis and Mathematical Modelling Department of Mathematical Sciences North-West University Mmabatho South Africa Department of Engineering TCU Fort Worth USA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Transilvania University of Brasov Brasov Romania Department of Mathematics and Statistics International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan Fulbright Fellow Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside Riverside USA Center for Modeling and Computer Simulation Research Institute King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia

The nanofluid, composed of kerosene and tantalum and nickel nanoparticles, is propagating through a porous, elastic surface. The kerosene base fluid is incompressible and electrically conducting. The energy equation for this nanofluid is formulated taking into account the viscous dissipation. The mathematical modeling is performed with the help of a similarity transformation. The developed governing equations are numerically solved using the shooting technique and the Matlab software. The physical behavior of different parameters in the model is discussed through tabular and graphical forms. The present results are also compared to past results. The results indicate that the flow propagates faster for higher values of Darcy number and Tantalum nanoparticles and that the magnetic field opposes the fluid motion. Also that the thermal boundary layer decreases in the presence of Tantalum and Nickel nanoparticles.

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