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Long-time protection of thermal correlations in a hybrid-spin system under random telegraph noise

Physical Review E 2022年第3期106卷 034122-034122页

作者： Fadwa Benabdallah Atta Ur Rahman Saeed Haddadi Mohammed Daoud LPHE-Modeling and Simulation Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Morocco Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Faculty of Physics Semnan University P.O. Box 35195-363 Semnan Iran Saeed's Quantum Information Group P.O. Box 19395-0560 Tehran Iran Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Ibn Tofail University Kénitra Morocco Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Strada Costiera 11 I-34151 Trieste Italy

The engineering features of transmitting mediums and their impact on different characteristics of a quantum system play a significant role in the efficient performance of nonlocal protocols. For this purpose, the dynamics of open quantum systems and coupling mediums remain a pathway. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of quantum correlations using negativity, uncertainty-induced nonlocality, and local quantum Fisher information in a hybrid qubit-qutrit thermal state when coupled with a magnetic field and influenced by random telegraph noise. Different features of the system parameters are taken into account while designing longer preservation of qubit-qutrit correlations. We show that the temperature has an inverse impact on the initial values of negativity, uncertainty-induced nonlocality, and local quantum Fisher information. When the magnetic field is characterized by different features, the entanglement, nonlocality, and Fisher information show a variety of dynamical maps, assuring their distinct nature. In addition, the qubit-qutrit correlations undergo repeated revivals when the configuration is restricted to the non-Markovian regime. On the other hand, an exponential drop with a single minimum is observed in the Markovian regime of the coupled field. Most importantly, our findings reveal that the present coupled fields have several advantages that can be leveraged to generate the optimal degree of entanglement, nonlocality, and local quantum Fisher information preservation in quantum dynamical maps.

关键词： Noise Open quantum systems Quantum channels Quantum entanglement Quantum information theory Quantum statistical mechanics Transition temperature

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Centrifugal Microfluidic Based Painless Blood Sample Collection for Hematocrit Measurement

Centrifugal Microfluidic Based Painless Blood Sample Collect...

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Biomedical Engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Santi Rattanavarin Thanapat Sangkharat Ekachai Juntasaro Witsaroot Sripumkhai Pattaraluck Pattamang Norabadee Ranron Numfon Khemthongcharoen Chompunoot Sinthupibulyakit Chamras Promptmas Chayapitcha Saesue Jiraskul Udarwudhipong Wutthinan Jeamsaksiri Department of Production and Robotics Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand Mechanical Engineering Simulation and Design Group (MESD) Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS) King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand Thai Microelectronics Center (TMEC) National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Chachoengsao Thailand Infrastructure Development Division (IDD) National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Pathum Thani Thailand National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Pathum Thani Thailand Faculty of Medical Technology Huachiew Chalermprakiet University Samut Prakan Thailand Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom Thailand

This work demonstrates a centrifugal microfluidic chip design for painless blood collection and hematocrit measurement. The fluid channel in the microfluidic chip was fabricated using a laser-cutting method. An optimal dimension of the negative pressure chamber was designed to control the maximum sample volume obtained for further hematocrit examination. The estimated blood sample of 20 µl could be obtained based on the negative pressure driven by finger press actuation on the negative pressure chamber of the microfluidic chip. The repeatability of blood volume collection evaluated by a laboratory technician was 21.126±0.001 µl with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 5.32%. The sample volume used in this centrifugal microfluidic chip was around three times lower than that used in the standard method. Pack red cell preparation for hematocrit examination in the microfluidic chip could be achieved using a centrifugation speed around 2.4 times lower than that used in the standard method. The hematocrit examination by our centrifugal microfluidic chip and the standard method was 41.75±0.77 (1.84 %CV), and 41.5±0.71 (1.7 %CV), respectively. The results showed that the hematocrit measurements in our centrifugal microfluidic chip were compatible with those measured by the standard method.

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Reduced basis methods for numerical room acoustic simulations with parametrized boundaries

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Llopis, Hermes Sampedro Engsig-Karup, Allan P. Jeong, Cheol-Ho Pind, Finnur Hesthaven, Jan S. Rambøll Denmark Copenhagen Denmark Acoustic Technology Group Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark Scientific Computing Section Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark Treble Technologies Reykjavík Iceland Computational Mathematics and Simulation Science Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

The use of model-based numerical simulation of wave propagation in rooms for engineering applications requires that acoustic conditions for multiple parameters are evaluated iteratively and this is computationally expensive. We present a reduced basis methods (RBM) to achieve a computational cost reduction relative to a traditional full order model (FOM), for wave-based room acoustic simulations with parametrized boundary conditions. In this study, the FOM solver is based on the spectral element method, however other numerical methods could be applied. The RBM reduces the computational burden by solving the problem in a low-dimensional subspace for parametrized frequency-independent and frequency-dependent boundary conditions. The problem is formulated and solved in the Laplace domain, which ensures the stability of the reduced order model based on the RBM approach. We study the potential of the proposed RBM framework in terms of computational efficiency, accuracy and storage requirements and we show that the RBM leads to 100-fold speed-ups for a 2D case with an upper frequency of 2kHz and around 1000-fold speed-ups for an analogous 3D case with an upper frequency of 1kHz. While the FOM simulations needed to construct the ROM are expensive, we demonstrate that despite this cost, the ROM has a potential of three orders of magnitude faster than the FOM when four different boundary conditions are simulated per room surface. Moreover, results show that the storage model for the ROM is relatively high but affordable for the presented 2D and 3D cases. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Boundary conditions

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Integrated carbon and nitrogen management for cost-effective environmental policies in China

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science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6751期388卷 1098-1103页

作者： Xin Xu Xiuming Zhang Yiyang Zou Tianrun Chen Jingfang Zhan Luxi Cheng Wilfried Winiwarter Shaohui Zhang Peter M Vitousek Wim de Vries Baojing Gu State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg Austria. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. Policy Simulation Laboratory Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. Institute of Environmental Engineering University of Zielona Góra Zielona Góra Poland. School of Economics and Management Beihang University Beijing China. Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Stanford CA USA. Wageningen University and Research Earth Systems and Global Change Group Wageningen Netherlands. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Zhejiang University Hangzhou China.

Carbon and nitrogen are central elements in global biogeochemical cycles. To effectively manage carbon and nitrogen in China, we developed a comprehensive model for quantifying their fluxes, investigating their interplay across 16 human and natural subsystems. Between 1980 and 2020, nitrogen losses in China increased 2.3-fold and carbon emissions surged 6.5-fold. Integrated carbon and nitrogen management holds the potential for a 74% reduction in nitrogen losses to air and water and a 91% decrease in carbon emissions to the atmosphere by 2060. Compared with separate control of carbon or nitrogen, integrated management delivers an additional reduction of 1.8 million tons of nitrogen and 26.5 million tons of carbon by 2060, bringing out a 37% decrease in unit abatement cost and a net societal benefit of 1384 billion USD.

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Intrinsic Motivation in Dynamical Control Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tiomkin, Stas Nemenman, Ilya Polani, Daniel Tishby, Naftali Computer Engineering Department Charles W. Davidson College of Engineering San Jose State University CA95192 United States Department of Physics Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States Department of Biology Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States Initiative in Theory and Modeling of Living Systems Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States Adaptive Systems Research Group University of Hertfordshire Hatfield United Kingdom The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering Hebrew University of Jerusalem 96906 Israel Hebrew University of Jerusalem 96906 Israel

Biological systems often choose actions without an explicit reward signal, a phenomenon known as intrinsic motivation. The computational principles underlying this behavior remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate an information-theoretic approach to intrinsic motivation, based on maximizing an agent’s empowerment (the mutual information between its past actions and future states). We show that this approach generalizes previous attempts to formalize intrinsic motivation, and we provide a computationally efficient algorithm for computing the necessary quantities. We test our approach on several benchmark control problems, and we explain its success in guiding intrinsically motivated behaviors by relating our information-theoretic control function to fundamental properties of the dynamical system representing the combined agent-environment system. This opens the door for designing practical artificial, intrinsically motivated controllers and for linking animal behaviors to their dynamical properties. © 2022, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Motivation

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Sparse inpainting with smoothed particle hydrodynamics

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Daropoulos, Viktor Augustin, Matthias Weickert, Joachim Interactive Graphics and Simulation Group Department of Computer Science Universität Innsbruck Technikerstraße 21a Innsbruck6020 Austria Mathematical Image Analysis Group Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Saarland University Campus E1.7 Saarbrücken66041 Germany

Digital image inpainting refers to techniques used to reconstruct a damaged or incomplete image by exploiting available image information. The main goal of this work is to perform the image inpainting process from a set of sparsely distributed image samples with the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) technique. As, in its naive formulation, the SPH technique is not even capable of reproducing constant functions, we modify the approach to obtain an approximation which can reproduce constant and linear functions. Furthermore, we examine the use of Voronoi tessellation for defining the necessary parameters in the SPH method as well as selecting optimally located image samples. In addition to this spatial optimization, optimization of data values is also implemented in order to further improve the results. Apart from a traditional Gaussian smoothing kernel, we assess the performance of other kernels on both random and spatially optimized masks. Since the use of isotropic smoothing kernels is not optimal in the presence of objects with a clear preferred orientation in the image, we also examine anisotropic smoothing kernels. Our final algorithm can compete with well-performing sparse inpainting techniques based on homogeneous or anisotropic diffusion processes as well as with exemplar-based *** Codes 68U10 (Primary) 65D18, 76M28, 94A08 (Secondary) Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrodynamics

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Report: Convalescent blood treatment for COVID-19: are local donors enough?

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Douglas, Pamela K. Farahani, Farzad V. Douglas, David B. Bookheimer, Susan Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA United States Modeling Simulation and Computer Science UCF Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health United States

COVID-19 is now a global pandemic, and an effective vaccine may be many months away. Over 100 years ago, Spanish flu fatalities were attenuated when doctors began treating patients with blood plasma donated by recovered (or convalesced) survivors. Passive immunity transfer via administration of convalesced blood product (CBP) appears to represent a readily available and promising avenue for mitigating mortalities, expediting recovery time, and even prophylaxis against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here, we review challenges to CBP efficacy, and present a graph theoretical model of transmission dynamics that identifies evolving "hubs" of COVID-19 cases. Importantly, this model suggests that CBP efficacy may rest on an efficient and distributed global sampling scheme as opposed to CBP pooled from local donors alone. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： SARS

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Panel on simulation modeling for Covid-19

Panel on Simulation Modeling for Covid-19

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2021 Winter simulation Conference, WSC 2021

作者： Aleman, DIonne M. Anagnostou, Anastasia Currie, Christine S.M. Fowler, John W. Gel, Esma S. Rutherford, Alexander R. University of Toronto Department of Mechanical Industrial and Systems Engineering TorontoONM5S 3G8 Canada Modelling Simulation Group Brunel University London Department of Computer Science UxbridgeUB8 3PH United Kingdom University of Southampton Mathematical Sciences SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Arizona State University Department of Supply Chain Management TempeAZ85287 United States Arizona State University Industrial Engineering TempeAZ85281 United States Simon Fraser University Department of Mathematics BurnabyBCV5A 1S6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665433112

This is a panel paper which discusses the use of simulation modeling in mitigating the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. We have gathered a group of expert modelers from around the world who have worked on healthcare simulation projects associated with the pandemic and the paper provides their answers to an initial set of questions. These serve to provide a description of the modeling work that has taken place already and to make suggestions for future directions both in modeling Covid-19 and preparing the world for future healthcare emergencies. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Health care

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Perturbations and Phase Transitions in Swarm Optimization Algorithms

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Vantuch, Tomáš Zelinka, Ivan Adamatzky, Andrew Marwan, Norbert Center ENET Technical University of Ostrava Czech Republic Modeling Evolutionary Algorithms Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Computer Science Technical University of Ostrava Czech Republic Unconventional Computing Lab UWE Bristol United Kingdom Leibniz Association Potsdam Germany

Natural systems often exhibit chaotic behavior in their space-time evolution. Systems transiting between chaos and order manifest a potential to compute, as shown with cellular automata and artificial neural networks. We demonstrate that swarm optimization algorithms also exhibit transitions from chaos, analogous to a motion of gas molecules, when particles explore solution space disorderly, to order, when particles follow a leader, similar to molecules propagating along diffusion gradients in liquid solutions of reagents. We analyze these ‘phase-like’ transitions in swarm optimization algorithms using recurrence quantification analysis and Lempel-Ziv complexity estimation. We demonstrate that converging iterations of the optimization algorithms are statistically different from non-converging ones in a view of applied chaos, complexity and predictability estimating indicators. An identification of a key factor responsible for the intensity of their phase transition is the main contribution of this paper. We examined an optimization as a process with three variable factors – an algorithm, number generator and optimization function. More than 9.000 executions of the optimization algorithm revealed that the nature of an applied algorithm itself is the main source of the phase transitions. Some of the algorithms exhibit larger transition-shifting behavior while others perform rather transition-steady computing. These findings might be important for future extensions of these algorithms. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cellular automata

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Robustness of Bayesian neural networks to gradient-based attacks 20

Robustness of Bayesian neural networks to gradient-based att...

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Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Ginevra Carbone Matthew Wicker Luca Laurenti Andrea Patane Luca Bortolussi Guido Sanguinetti Department of Mathematics and Geosciences University of Trieste Trieste Italy Departement of Computer Science University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Geosciences University of Trieste Trieste Italy and Modeling and Simulation Group Saarland University Saarland Germany School of Informatics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom and SISSA Trieste Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781713829546

Vulnerability to adversarial attacks is one of the principal hurdles to the adoption of deep learning in safety-critical applications. Despite significant efforts, both practical and theoretical, the problem remains open. In this paper, we analyse the geometry of adversarial attacks in the large-data, overparametrized limit for Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs). We show that, in the limit, vulnerability to gradient-based attacks arises as a result of degeneracy in the data distribution, i.e., when the data lies on a lower-dimensional submanifold of the ambient space. As a direct consequence, we demonstrate that in the limit BNN posteriors are robust to gradient-based adversarial attacks. Experimental results on the MNIST and Fashion MNIST datasets, representing the finite data regime, with BNNs trained with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo and Variational Inference support this line of argument, showing that BNNs can display both high accuracy and robustness to gradient based adversarial attacks.

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