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Joint Logistics Over The Shore operations in rough seas

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 385-393页

作者： Vaughters, TG Mardiros, MF Theodore G. Vaughters:has more than thirty years of engineering and program management experience in the development and testing of material handing hardware systems to transfer cargo from ship-to-shore from ship-to-ship and within both Navy and commercial ships. From 1967 to 1977 he was a supervisory naval architect at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard and Mare Island Naval Shipyard. In 1977 he joined his present organization and became office head in 1987. He has received numberous awards including the Meritorious Civilian Service Award for the management of a program which development a Ro/Ro ship offshore unloading facility. His department is currently engaged in a number of RDT&E logistics program which include environmental ligistics Navy logistics modeling and simulation mobile offshore bases sea based logistics strategic sealift joint service ligistics over the shore systems underway replenishment and shipboard cargo handling systems. Martin F. Mardiros:has been working on JLOTS related systems for eight years as a engineer at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division. He has a B.S.E. degree in naval architecture from the University of Michigan He has participated in numberous JLOTS and JLOTS related exercises since 1988. Mr Mardiros has fielded a evaluation of full scale prototype sea state 3 JLOTS systems for evaluation and demonstration such as the Air Cushion Vehicle Landing Platform (ACVLAP) improved mooring and fendering systems for causeway ferries and motion mitigation sytems for the Roll-On/Roll-Off Discharge Facility. Mr. Mardiros recently headed up the JLOTS Sea State 3 Option Study which is being used by the Navy and Army to develop their JLOTS master plan.

Joint Logistics Over the Shore (JLOTS) operations involve the unloading of ships without the benefit of fixed port facilities. Container ships, roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) ships, break bulk ships, heavy lift ships, and tankers are the most common merchant vessels utilized in JLOTS operations to transport military cargo. A major problem is that the current JLOTS system is inoperative in sea state 3 and greater conditions. When seas build above sea state 3 the motion and relative motion of lighters and ships create extremely dangerous conditions which preclude the movement of cargo. New technology is currently being developed by the Navy, Army and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to improve JLOTS operations. Several new JLOTS subsystems were recently tested as part of an Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) sponsored joint services test and evaluation program called JLOTS III (June 1993). JLOTS III showed that lighters, cargo transfer systems, and personnel do not have the capability or training to perform in sea state 3, as currently required by military doctrine. Subsequent to the JLOTS III testing, a number of R&D innovations have been examined and a Heavy Weather (Sea State 3) JLOTS Options Study has been completed. This options study has defined and characterized all the weak links related to heavy weather operations and has identified and/or developed concepts to improve the overall JLOTS operational efficiency. This paper discusses current JLOTS technology development initiatives from a joint services perspective with regard to the following question: Can emerging technology, in combination with improved training and command and control, provide a heavy weather JLOTS capability which is affordable?

关键词： Naval warfare

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Influence of human engineering on manning levels and human performance on ships

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 67-76页

作者： Anderson, DE Oberman, FR Malone, TB Baker, CC David E. Anderson:has a bachelor of science degree in environmental engineering from Florida Technological University and a master's degree in environmental engineering from the University of Central Florida. He is a graduate of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Engineer-In-Training (EIT) Program. Mr. Anderson was instrumental in introducing the collective protection system (CPS) in the U.S. Navy developing the initial forward-fit package for the USS Gunston Hall and the engineering change proposal (ECP) for the USS Wasp. In 1990 he joined the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Division (SEA 55W5) where he was task leader for auxiliary ships. He is currently the HSI manager for the future technology variant of the SeaLift ship and the future carrier. Association of Scientists and Engineers 33rdAnnual Technical Symposium 26 April 1996. Fred R. Oberman:has B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Chicago and Loyola University (experimental psychology) and an M.S. degree in industrial engineering and operations research from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI). He has more than 30 years experience in HSI management planning research analysis design and testing in government and private sector positions. He is currently responsible for NavSea HSI generic research and tool development efforts. He is responsible for Human Engineering Specifications and Standards (Commercial Hypertext) and is the NavSea 03D7 representative on HSI in Performance Specifications and for integration of HSI within Integrated Logistic Support (ILS). He has served as DoD HSI SubTAG chair and member of the Simulation and Modeling Test and Evaluation Display and Control Systems Human Computer Interaction Specifications and Standards and Systems Design Sub Tags as a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Systems Safety Panel and a member of NATO RSG 14 on man-machine analysis. Thomas B. Malone: CHFEP received a Ph.D. in experimental psychology from Fordham University in 1964. He is president of Carlow

The objectives of Human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine Technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.

关键词： Human engineering

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A device simulation of the BBT effect in flash memory cells and implications for the development of high-reliability memory cells

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第11期79卷 51-57页

作者： Hayashi, T Fukuda, K Ohno, M Nishi, K Kita, A VLSI R&D Center OKI Electric Industry Company Ltd. Hachioji-shi Japan 193 Graduated from the Science University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1986 and joined Oki Electric. Since then he has been engaged in research on the reliability of MOS transistors and silicon oxide films. Since 1994 he has been engaged in the development of flash memory. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1983 and joined Oki Electric in 1985. Since then he has been engaged in research on the semiconductor process and device simulation. In 1990 he participated in joint research at the Technical University of Aachen. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Dept. of Electrical Engineering in 1980 and completed an MS course in 1983. In 1986 he completed the doctoral course at Shizuoka University. He then joined Oki Electric where he has been engaged in research on ULSI processes. He is now a manager responsible for flash memory at the VLSI R&D Center. He holds a doctorate in engineering. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1973 and joined Oki Electric. He was engaged in the development of integrated circuit logic simulation technology and bipolar process technology and since 1980 he has been engaged in research on process/device simulation and modeling. Presently he is a senior manager at the VLSI R&D Center. In 1982–1984 he was a Visiting Scholar at MIT. He holds a doctorate in engineering. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society and a senior member of IEEE. Graduated from Tokyo Institute of Technology Dept. of Chemical Engineering in 1978 and completed the MS program in 1930. In that year he joined Oki Electric. Since then he has been engaged in CMOS process design for DRAM and flash memory. He is now a manager at the VLSI R&D Center. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society.

In order to analyze the BBT (band-to-band tunneling) phenomenon in flash memory cells by simulation, a new model is proposed, which improves on the BBT model by introducing the concept of ''average electric field.'' This model agrees well with the measured results in a wide drain N-concentration range. Using this model, the reliability of memory cells is analyzed. It is found that the difference of the amount of BBT generation does not directly affect the endurance characteristics but does affect the disturb characteristics. The same model can be used to analyze problem points of the present cells and to estimate the BBT current of next-generation devices accurately.

关键词： band-to-band tunneling flash memory simulation endurance characteristics

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A MATHEMATICAL-MODEL OF ATTRITION DATA

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NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS 1995年第4期42卷 585-607页

作者： HARTLEY, DS Center for Modeling Simulation and Gaming Martin Marietta Energy Systems Inc. Data Systems Research and Development Program Applied Technology Organization 1099 CommercePark Oak Ridge Tennessee

The Lanchester square and linear laws do not provide good models of combat attrition as evidenced in historical data. A particular homogeneous, mixed, linear-logarithmic law, however, does provide a good approximation...

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Dynamic Diversification of Fixed Income Portfolios

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Financial Analysts Journal 1994年第1期50卷 30-38页

作者： John M. Mulvey Stavros A. Zenios Professor Engineering and Management Systems Program Princeton University. Director Engineering and Management Systems Program Princeton University. Associate Professor of Decision Sciences Wharton School University of Pennsylvania Principal Investigator HERMES Laboratory of Financial Modeling and Simulation

A systematic and practical approach for diversifying a portfolio of fixed-income securities blends forward-looking simulations of the term structure of interest rates with traditional concepts from equity management. The objective is to form a well-diversified portfolio, one that is robust to anticipated changes in interest rates and other uncertainties. To achieve this objective, the dynamic effects must be jointly modeled so that security correlations (comovements) can be estimated. Once a covariance matrix is constructed, traditional methods of portfolio management can be employed. The concepts apply to a wide variety of fixed-income areas, including the high-yield sector and mortgage-backed securities.

关键词： Mortgage backed securities Financial portfolios Security prices Cash flow Investment risk Portfolio diversification Financial advisers Security portfolios Interest rates

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MODAL TEST OF JONES,JOHN,PAUL (DDG-53) MAST AND MAST-MOUNTED ANTENNAS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第2期106卷 110-117页

作者： MCLEAN, M HILL, J COBB, R RANDALL, F Mark McLean:has been with the Naval Sea Systems Command for eight years and is currently with Code 03K. He is responsible for survivability assessment of combat systems equipment. He has participated in all U.S. Navy ship shock tests conducted since 1985 and is responsible for failure assessment and redesign efforts for numerous combat systems equipment. He was selected by the NavSea Program Offices to be a member of the damage assessment teams providing early inspection in the Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58) and Princeton (CG-59) incidents. Mr. McLean graduated from the University of Virginia in 1983 with an MS degree in chemical engineering. Jerry Hill:has been with NKF Engineering Inc. for twelve years. Currently managing the structural dynamics department Mr. Hill is responsible for numerous survivability related analysis and design efforts. This includes dynamic mathematical simulation and prediction field testing and qualification and full-scale ship shock testing. Mr. Hill graduated from the University of Maryland with a BS degree in mechanical engineering. He is a registered Professional Engineer. Dr. Richard Cobb:has been with NKF Engineering Inc. as a senior engineer since 1990. He is involved with research and development projects including dynamics modal testing vibration design instrumentation and underwater explosion. Prior to joining NKF he was an instructor of mechanical engineering at Virginia Tech. Dr. Cobb holds a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Virginia Tech with dissertation research in the areas of experimental modal analysis and frequency response function estimation using Fast Fourier transform methods. Fred Randall:has been manager of the noise shock and vibration department at Bath Iron Works since 1987. As such he is responsible for all dynamic measurements conducted by the shipyard. From 1982 to 1987 he was with TRW in the survivability department conducting investigations of shock propagation structural media interaction and soils modeling and analysis. Mr. Randall gr

A modal test of the John Paul Jones (DDG-53) mainmast structure and mast-mounted antennas was conducted. The test was part of a larger effort to accurately determine dynamic characteristics of the ''as-built'' mast/antenna system and survivability in the vibration and underwater explosion (UNDEX) shock environment. Previous mathematical analysis of the DDG-51 class mast and antennas predicted response acceleration levels during a shock trials scenario to be excessive in some areas. The modal test results now provide, however, confirmed dynamic response characteristics including mode shapes, frequencies, and damping for the structure. The test data accounts for the flexibility of ship's structure including the deckhouse supporting the mast. In addition, the natural frequencies of the antennas were determined for the response range of the mast structure with the flexibility of the supporting foundations taken into account. Using the test results, a finite element model of the mast structure and antennas was built accurately representing the dynamic characteristics of the system. Dynamic transient shock analysis was conducted to provide response predictions of the mast and antennas using the validated model. Any potential response amplification conditions that might result in failure during shock trials were identified.

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TOMAHAWK NITROGEN PRESSURIZATION MAINTENANCE - WHY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第2期105卷 66-68页

作者： CIARULA, TA NERADKA, VF Cdr. Thomas A. Ciarula: USN was born in Pottstown Pa. He attended Northrop University in Inglewood Calif. where he earned a bachelor of science degree in aircraft maintenance engineering in September 1971. He was selected for Officer Candidate School where he was commissioned an ensign (Aeronautical Maintenance Duty) in August 1972. Cdr. Ciarula has been assigned to VA-37 The AIMD at NAF Kadena Okinawa Japan VXE-6 and the USS Forrestal. He was the wing maintenance for training officer for Air Wing Three at NAS Chase Field in Beeville Tex. and the AIMD officer at NAS Key West Fla. In 1988 Cdr. Ciarula was assigned to the Cruise Missiles Project (PEO-CU) where he was the TASM class desk officer and the director of logistics. While at the Cruise Missiles Project he was awarded his master of science in general administration from Central Michigan University. He is currently assigned to PMA-205 in the Naval Air Systems Command. Vincent F. Neradka:received B.S. and M.S. degrees from the University of Maryland in aerospace engineering in 1964 and 1969 and an MS in technical management from the Johns Hopkins University in 1986. He joined the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in 1979 working on the Vertical Launching System of the Aegis cruisers. Since that time he has participated in activities on the Phalanx program the SPS-48E radar and long term involvement with the Cruise Missile Program. On the Cruise Missile Program Mr. Neradka has focused on the specification of and testing related to environments. Simulation activities have included modeling of pneumatic systems and NASTRAN dynamic modeling. Mr. Neradka is a registered professional engineer.

This paper discusses the data that were recorded during a three-month accelerated humidity test of two Tomahawk all-up rounds (AURs), one pressurized with dry nitrogen in accordance with the current practice, and the other left unpressurized. Temperature and humidity were recorded inside the canisters and missiles. Data analysis consisted of psychrometric calculations to determine the moisture intrusion into these missiles during the test. The work was carried out in support of a technical effort directed at changing the storage and stowage environmental protection of the Tomahawk missile.

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A HYBRID-MODE BOUNDARY INTEGRAL-EQUATION METHOD FOR NORMALCONDUCTING AND SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSMISSION-LINES OF ARBITRARY CROSS-SECTION

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE AND MILLIMETER-WAVE COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING 1992年第4期2卷 314-330页

作者： SCHROEDER, W WOLFF, I Department of Electrical Engineering and Sonderforschungsbereich 254 Duisburg University Bismarckstrasse 81 D-4100 Duisburg 1 Germany Werner L. Schroeder was born in Recklinghausen Germany on July 12 1954. After an apprenticeship as an electrician he collected several years of practical experience in industry before it drew him to study electrical engineering. He obtained his Dipl.-Ing degree from the University of Duisburg Germany in 1986. He then joined the Special Research Program. “Very High Frequency and Very High Speed Circuits based on III-V-Compound Semiconductors” at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Duisburg where he worked on Monte Carlo simulation of electrical transport in III-V compounds and devices numerical modeling of MMIC transmission-line structures and on the explanation of the spurious mode phenomenon in numerical solutions of electromagnetic field eigenvalue problems. He is currently with the Department of Electromagnetic Theory and Engineering working on fullwave boundary integral analysis of general waveguiding structures which is also the subject of his dissertation.

A space domain Boundary Integral Equation (BIE) method for full-wave analysis of general waveguide is presented. The method is demonstrated to be applicable to arbitrary shielded or unshielded waveguide cross-sections ranging from optical waveguide to MMIC transmission lines. It allows for arbitrary isotropic complex media including normal (imperfect) conductors and superconductors as is demonstrated with full-wave loss analysis of coplanar stripline and several thin-film microstrip line configurations employing Au and YBCO conductors. An outline of the theory of the BIE method is given. The implications of nonsmooth boundary curves are considered, and special attention is given to the reliability of the method in being free of spurious solutions.

关键词： Waveguides

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SPACE BIOPROCESSING

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BIO-TECHNOLOGY 1985年第9期3卷 786-790页

作者： TODD, P Paul Todd Ph.D. Director of the Bioprocessing and Pharmaceutical Research Center University City Science Center 3401 Market Street Suite 220 Philadelphia PA 19104.REFERENCES Universities Space Research Association Microgravity Biotechnology Working Group "Goals in Microgravity Biotechnology". 1985. Unpublished.Allen R.E. Rhodes P.H. Snyder R.S. Barlow G.H. Bier M. Bigazzi P.E. van Oss C.J. Knox R.J. Seaman G.V.F. Micale F.J. and Vanderhoff J.W. 1977. Column electrophoresis on the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. Sep. Purif. Meth. 6: 1-59.|ISI|Snyder R.S. Rhodes P.H. Herren B.J. Miller R.Y. Seaman G.V.F. Todd P. Kunze M.E. and Sarnoff B.E. 1985. Analysis of free zone electrophoresis of fixed erythrocytes performed in microgravity. Electrophoresis 6: 3-9.|ISI|Tulp A. 1984. Density gradient electrophoresis of mammalian cells. In Methods of Biochemical Analysis 30: 148-198.Strickler A. and Sacks T. 1973. Continuous free-film electrophoresis: The crescent phenomenon. Prep. Biochem. 3: 269-277.|PubMed|ISI|ChemPort|Morrison D.R. Barlow G.H. Cleveland C. Grindeland R. Hymer W.C. Kunze M.E. Lanham J.W. Lewis M.L. Sarnoff B.E. Todd P. and Wilfinger W. 1984. Electrophoretic separation of kidney and pituitary cells on STS-8. Adv. Space Res. 4: 67-76.|Article|PubMed|ChemPort|Bier M. Palusinski O.A. Mosher R.A. and Saville D.A. 1983. Electrophoresis: Mathematical modeling and computer simulation. Science 219: 1281-1287.|PubMed|ISI|ChemPort|Albertsson P.A. 1971. Partition of Cell Particles and Macromolecules. Wiley- Interscience New York.Brooks D.E. and Bamberger S. 1982. Studies on aqueous two phase polymer systems useful for partitioning of biological material p. 233-240. In Materials Processing in the Reduced Gravity Environment of Space. G. E. Rindone (ed.) Elsevier Science Publ. Co. Inc. New York.Juarez-Salinas H. Engelhorn S.C. Bigbee W.L. Lowry M.A. and Stanker L.H. 1984. Ultrapurification of monoclonal antibodies by high-performanc

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EQUIPMENT AGE-RELIABILITY ANALYSIS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第5期96卷 65-70页

作者： PRICHARD, JW is a principal in the American Management Systems Inc. Until September 1983 he was head of the maintenance improvement program (SEA 91AD) staff of the Assistant Deputy Commander for Surface Ship Logistics Naval Sea Systems Command. His prior and first assignment in NAVSEA was that of assistant project manager for analysis in the surface ship improvement program (PMS 306) where he directed the maintenance system development program. From 1955 until 1976 he worked for the Naval Supply Systems Command in various capacities as an operation research analyst. There he conducted a large-scale simulation analysis of supply support for the Sixth Fleet designed the demand forecasting rules of the uniform inventory control point computer system and directed research into inventory modeling. Mr. Prichard who has been a member of ASNE since 1980 served as a commissioned officer in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He is the coauthor along with Robert Eagle of the textModern Inventory Managementand holds a degree in physics received from Yale University and a degree in business administration received from The George Washington University.

Age-reliability analysis is the process of discovering the relationship between the age of an item in service and its tendency to fail. Age may be measured in calendar days or in terms of events such as “start-ups” or “firings.” The most useful statistic in age-reliability analysis is the conditional probability of failure — the probability that an item that has attained an age of X-days will fail within the coming Y-days. In the past two years, the Naval Sea Systems Command has conducted age-reliability analyses on twenty-two equipments in the DDG-2 and AFS-1 class ships. These analyses indicate that overhaul is of no benefit or of only temporary benefit within the first five years of operation (after manufacture or overhaul) for eighty-two percent of the equipment and that it is actually harmful for thirty-two percent. Equipment in the FF-1052 and DD-963 class ships is now being studied.

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