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Schwann cells acquire a repair phenotype after assembling into spheroids and show enhanced in vivo therapeutic potential for promoting peripheral nerve repair

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Bioengineering and Translational Medicine 2024年第2期9卷 e10635页

作者： Chen, Shih-Heng Wang, Hsin-Wen Yang, Pei-Ching Chen, Shih-Shien Ho, Chia-Hsin Yang, Pei-Ching Kao, Ying-Chi Liu, Shao-Wen Chiu, Han Lin, Yu-Jie Chuang, Er-Yuan Huang, Jen-Huang Kao, Huang-Kai Huang, Chieh-Cheng Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan School of Medicine College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University–Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

The prognosis for postinjury peripheral nerve regeneration remains suboptimal. Although transplantation of exogenous Schwann cells (SCs) has been considered a promising treatment to promote nerve repair, this strategy has been hampered in practice by the limited availability of SC sources and an insufficient postengraftment cell retention rate. In this study, to address these challenges, SCs were aggregated into spheroids before being delivered to an injured rat sciatic nerve. We found that the three-dimensional aggregation of SCs induced their acquisition of a repair phenotype, as indicated by enhanced levels of c-Jun expression/activation and decreased expression of myelin sheath protein. Furthermore, our in vitro results demonstrated the superior potential of the SC spheroid-derived secretome in promoting neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons, enhancing the proliferation and migration of endogenous SCs, and recruiting macrophages. Moreover, transplantation of SC spheroids into rats after sciatic nerve transection effectively increased the postinjury nerve structure restoration and motor functional recovery rates, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of SC spheroids. In summary, transplantation of preassembled SC spheroids may hold great potential for enhancing the cell delivery efficiency and the resultant therapeutic outcome, thereby improving SC-based transplantation approaches for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration. © 2023 The Authors. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

关键词： Regenerative Medicine

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The Fluorescent Effect of Chitosan Magnetitic Nanoparticles for Near-Infrared Imaging 3

The Fluorescent Effect of Chitosan Magnetitic Nanoparticles ...

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3rd Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference, NILES 2021

作者： Abuelmakarem, Hala S. Ahmed, Wafaa A. Mofed, Dina Wael, Mohammed Sami, Sherif A. The Higher Institute of Engineering Elshrouk Academy Biomedical and Systems Engineering Department Egypt Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit National Cancer Institute Cairo University Cancer Biology Department Giza Egypt Cairo University Zoology graduate program Department of zoology Faculty of science Giza Egypt Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering and Systems Giza Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421577

Early cancer detection increases the healing rate according to the cancer stage. Nanotechnology is an advanced technique in cancer management due to the permeability and retention effect. Nano contrast agents are chief in early cancer detection because they diffuse in the cancerous tissue due to permeability and retention. This study aims to synthesize Chitosan Magnetic Nanoparticles (CM NPS) to evaluate them as a contrast agent for cells imaging, in vitro, under near-infrared irradiation. CM NPs were synthesized using the wetted chemical method. They were characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering, High-resolution Transmission Electronic Microscopy (HR- TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The shining effect of the CM NPs was evaluated under the inverted microscopy over through a human lung epithelial cell culture in vitro. The characterization results ensured the successful synthesis of CM NPs. The photomicrographs appeared shining light of CM NPs on the cells photographed under the inverted microscope. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Chitosan

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A Multi-Scale Approach to Assess Water Quality and Evaporation in Agricultural Irrigation Canals

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Fender, Chloe L. Good, Stephen P. Garcia-Jaramillo, Manuel Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State University CorvallisOR United States Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering Oregon State University CorvallisOR United States Water Resources Graduate Program Oregon State University CorvallisOR United States

Irrigation networks play a crucial role in water distribution and food production in agricultural systems and contribute to the overall economy. While studies have examined the effects of organic chemical pollutants, including pesticides, on crop and soil health, there is a lack of research on the overall composition and occurrence of organic chemical contaminants in irrigation water. To this point, there are currently no standardized methods for monitoring contaminants and assessing the transformation and potential toxicity of these compounds in irrigation water distribution systems. In this study, we used liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze the organic chemical composition of water samples from an irrigation canal and a river that serves as the source of water for the canal. We estimated the relative evaporation rate in the canal as a proxy for residence time by measuring the isotopic ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in the canal water with cavity ring-down spectroscopy. We assessed adverse effects of chemical contaminants in our samples by evaluating the collected water with a high-throughput zebrafish embryonic platform. We evaluated the hazard of annotated chemicals with an assessment tool developed by the US EPA. The canal showed a greater decrease in the abundance of organic contaminants relative to the river as we moved further from the source. Evaporation, a proxy for residence time, was evaluated in the canal and increased after a holding reservoir due to its higher surface area relative to the rest of the canal. This study improves our understanding of the occurrence and degradation of organic chemicals in irrigation networks compared with rivers, and how they may correlate with evaporation and distance. The approach implemented in this study can help build a standardized methodology for monitoring water quality and assessing the potential toxicity of organic contaminants in agricultural irrigation systems. © 2023, The Authors.

关键词： Organic chemicals

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Mid-circuit correction of correlated phase errors using an array of spectator qubits

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Singh, Kevin Bradley, Conor E. Anand, Shraddha Ramesh, Vikram White, Ryan Bernien, Hannes Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States

Scaling up invariably error-prone quantum processors is a formidable challenge. While quantum error correction ultimately promises fault-tolerant operation, the required qubit overhead and error thresholds are daunting, and many codes break down under correlated noise. Recent proposals have suggested a complementary approach based on co-located, auxiliary ‘spectator’ qubits. These act as in-situ probes of noise, and enable real-time, coherent corrections of the resulting errors on the data qubits. Here, we use an array of cesium spectator qubits to correct correlated phase errors on an array of rubidium data qubits. Crucially, by combining in-sequence readouts, data processing, and feed-forward operations, these correlated errors are suppressed within the execution of the quantum circuit. The protocol is broadly applicable to quantum information platforms, and our approach establishes key tools for scaling neutral-atom quantum processors: mid-circuit readout of atom arrays, real-time processing and feed-forward, and coherent mid-circuit reloading of atomic qubits. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Plasmonic Nanolaser by Silver Nanowire Embedded in CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots

Plasmonic Nanolaser by Silver Nanowire Embedded in CsPbBr3 Q...

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JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia, JSAP 2021

作者： Xing, Di Lin, Cheng-Chieh Won, Phillip Xiang, Rong Chen, Tzu-Pei A. Kamal, A. Syazwan Lee, Yang-Chun Ho, Ya-Lun Maruyama, Shigeo Ko, Seung Hwan Chen, Chun-Wei Delaunay, Jean-Jacques School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Japan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taiwan

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Modifying BiVO4 as a photocatalyst for water oxidation using constant-duration alkaline-etched post treatments

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New Journal of Chemistry 2023年第2期48卷 569-577页

作者： Hsu, Chuan-Chih Chuang, Kai-Jie Huang, Hsiao-Wen Pan, Bo-Jin Chen, Hung-Ming Husain, Sadang Yougbaré, Sibidou Hsiao, Yu-Cheng Wu, Yung-Fu Lin, Lu-Yin Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Gingen Technology Co. Ltd. Rm. 7 10F. No. 189 Sec. 2 Keelung Rd. Xinyi Dist. Taipei11054 Taiwan Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarmasin70124 Indonesia /Nanoro Ouagadougou03 Burkina Faso International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Stanford Byers Center for Biodesign Stanford University CA94305-5428 United States Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei11696 Taiwan

BiVO4 with suitable band edges and a small band gap is considered an efficient photocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but short charge-transfer lengths limit its photocatalytic ability. Increasing active sites can essentially enhance oxidation reactions and photocatalytic ability. The alkaline etching technique can refine the surface properties of BiVO4 by introducing oxygen vacancies and possibly establishing a heterojunction, but suitable alkaline etching methods are rarely discussed. In this study, three alkaline etching methods, including hydrothermal, soaking, and electrodeposition processes, are first applied for a constant duration to tailor the surface properties of BiVO4 as a photocatalyst for the OER. Alkaline-etched BiVO4 prepared using hydrothermal and soaking processes shows better photocatalytic abilities due to the generation of additional oxygen vacancies, while poor photocatalytic ability is found for that fabricated using electrodeposition due to the formation of less photocatalytic VO2. The highest photocurrent density of 2.38 mA cm−2 is obtained at 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode in an electrolyte without a hole scavenger for the BiVO4 etched in the hydrothermal process, while the untreated BiVO4 presents a photocurrent density of 0.58 mA cm−2. A photocurrent retention of 92.3% is achieved after 5000 seconds of continuous illumination. The study supplies blueprints for establishing effective alkaline etching methods for enhancing the photocatalytic ability of BiVO4, with the exception of time costs. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Charge transfer

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Folding Graphene into Super-Strong, Z-Laminated Membranes

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Santos, Ian Daniell Hofmann, Mario Tjarks, Patrick Muthu, Jeyavelan Lin, You-Chen Yen, Zhi-Long Chand, Pradyumna Kumar Raman, Radha Rouhani, Mehdi Jeng, Yeau-Ren Nguyen, Dinh-Tuan Hsieh, Ya-Ping Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica National Taiwan University Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei106 Taiwan Institute for Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei106 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Department of Physics National Central University Taoyuan320 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica National Central University Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

We here demonstrate the strengthening of graphene, an atomically thin carbon allotrope, by out-of-plane folding. Through lateral confinement of graphene at the water-air interface, buckling was induced in suspended flakes leading to an unexpected folding transition beyond a critical surface pressure. The emergence of folding was confirmed by in-situ reflectivity and ex-situ microscopy and imparts graphene assemblies with a unique "z-laminated" morphology. molecular dynamics simulations indicate an enhanced adhesion between neighboring flakes compared to lateral sliding which was confirmed by a surface pressure hysteresis during the folding process. Mechanical testing reveals superior Young’s modulus and Yield strength when compared to conventional graphene assemblies and even compared to composites. We demonstrate the potential of folding for graphene-based structural materials, tribological layers, and functional electrochemical coatings. Finally, the complete recyclability of z-laminated graphene opens up new routes towards sustainable nanostructured materials. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Study of Novel Photodetectors and Electronics to Enhance Coincidence Time Resolution of BGO-based PET Detectors

Study of Novel Photodetectors and Electronics to Enhance Coi...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Andrea Gonzalez-Montoro Shirin Pourashraf Joshua W Cates Craig S Levin Department of Radiology Stanford University Stanford CA USA Applied Nuclear Physics Program Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA Departments of Radiology Molecular Imaging Program Bioengineering Physics and Electrical Engineering Stanford University CA USA

Developing high sensitivity multiparametric medical imaging tools constitutes one of the main research topics in radionuclide *** time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) scanners have shown potential in this context. One of the most attractive solutions that have been proposed to improve the coincidence time resolution (CTR) of TOF-PET scanners includes exploiting the small population of promptly emitted light photons (i.e., Cherenkov photons). Bismuth germanate (BGO) is a legacy detection material for PET which exhibits a moderate Cherenkov yield. which new advancements in ultra-violet (UV) light sensitive photosensor technologies and associated detection techniques can exploit for fast timing. It has been demonstrated that exploiting the BGO–Cherenkov component may simultaneously facilitate high 511 keV photon detection sensitivity with excellent CTR, thus enabling high sensitivity, low cost TOF-PET systems. Accessing the timing information from these Cherenkov photons requires enhanced photodetector technology combined with low noise and fast readout electronics, as well as specific data post-processing *** this summary, we report the CTR evaluation of different length BGO crystals coupled to UV enhanced SiPMs and custom designed electronics. Average CTR values of 156 ± 6, 188 ± 5, 228 ± 8 and 297 ± 8 ps CTR FWHM have been achieved for 3 × 3 × 3, × 5, × 10, and × 15 mm 3 BGO crystal with chemically processed surface finishes.

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Influence of conformational change of chain unit on the intrinsic negative thermal expansion of polymers

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第4期32卷 1515-1518页

作者： Qiangsheng Sun Ke Jin Yuhui Huang Jia Guo Thanyada Rungrotmongkol Phornphimon Maitarad Changchun Wang State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433.China Biocatalyst and Environmental Biotechnology Research Unit Department of BiochemistryFaculty of Science and Program in Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyGraduate SchoolChulalongkom UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand Research Center of Nano Science and Technology Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Negative thermal expansion(NTE) behavior has roused wide interest for the control of thermomechanical properties of functional *** NTE behaviors have been found in kinds of compounds,it remains challenging for polymers to achieve intrinsic NTE *** this work,we systematically studied the conformational change of dibenzocyclooctadiene(DBCOD) derivatives between chair(C) and twist-boat(TB) forms based on density-functional theo ry(DFT) calculations,and found clear evidence of the relationship between the structure of DBCOD units and the thermal contraction behavior of the related *** order to obtain the polymer with NTE property,two conditions should be met for the thermal contracting DBCOD related units as follows:(i) the TB conformation can turn into C conformation as the temperature increases,and(ii) the volume of C conformation is smaller than that of TB *** rule should offer a guidance to exploration of the new intrinsic NTE polymers in the future.

关键词： Negative thermal expansion Conformational change Polyarylamides Density-functional theory Dibenzocyclooctadiene

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A Deep Learning Approach for Nerve Injury Classification in Brachial Plexopathies Using Magnetic Resonance Neurography with Modified Hiking Optimization Algorithm

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Academic Radiology 2025年第7期32卷 3824-3840页

作者： Dahou, Abdelghani Elaziz, Mohamed Abd Khattap, Mohamed G. Hassan, Hend Galal Eldeen Mohamed Ali School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China Mathematics and Computer Science department University of Ahmed DRAIA Adrar 01000 Algeria Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala University Suez 435611 Egypt Artificial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC) Ajman University Ajman 346 United Arab Emirates Department of Diagnostic Interventional Radiology and Molecular Imaging Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo 11591 Egypt Technology of Radiology and Medical Imaging Program Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology Galala University Suez 435611 Egypt

Rationale and Objectives: Brachial plexopathies (BPs) encompass a complex spectrum of nerve injuries affecting motor and sensory function in the upper extremities. Diagnosis is challenging due to the intricate anatomy and symptom overlap with other neuropathies. Magnetic Resonance Neurography (MRN) provides advanced imaging but requires specialized interpretation. This study proposes an AI-based framework that combines deep learning (DL) with the modified Hiking Optimization Algorithm (MHOA) enhanced by a Comprehensive Learning (CL) technique to improve the classification of nerve injuries (neuropraxia, axonotmesis, neurotmesis) using MRN data. Materials and Methods: The framework utilizes MobileNetV4 for feature extraction and MHOA for optimized feature selection across different MRI sequences (STIR, T2, T1, and DWI). A dataset of 39 patients diagnosed with BP was used. The framework classifies injuries based on Seddon's criteria, distinguishing between normal and abnormal conditions as well as injury severity. Results: The model achieved excellent performance, with 1.0000 accuracy in distinguishing normal from abnormal conditions using STIR and T2 sequences. For injury severity classification, accuracy was 0.9820 in STIR, outperforming the original HOA and other metaheuristic algorithms. Additionally, high classification accuracy (0.9667) was observed in DWI. The proposed framework outperformed traditional methods and demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: The proposed AI-based framework significantly improves the diagnosis of BP by accurately classifying nerve injury types. By integrating DL and optimization techniques, it reduces diagnostic variability, making it a valuable tool for clinical settings with limited specialized neuroimaging expertise. This framework has the potential to enhance clinical decision-making and optimize patient outcomes through precise and timely diagnoses. © 2025 The Association of University Radiologists

关键词： Brachial Plexopathy (BP) Comprehensive Learning (CL) Deep Learning (DL) Feature Selection (FS) Hiking Optimization Algorithm (HOA) Magnetic Resonance Neurography (MRN) MobileNetV4

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