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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Robert Wodnicki Junhang Zhang Qifa Zhou Josquin Foiret Christophe Notard Katherine W. Ferrara Dept. of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford University Stanford CA Vermon S.A. Tours France

We have developed a handheld 1,024-element large area 2D array probe integrated with high voltage multiplexing ASIC modules with row-multiplexed imaging in orthogonal azimuthal and elevational planes with image data computed and displayed on a commercially available 32 channel configurable ultrasound system. Here we demonstrate real-time orthogonal imaging of small structures at high resolution in water with the 1,024-element array. We have also integrated modular imaging electronics with a newly designed 4,096-element 4 times larger aperture acoustic array (83 mm × 16 mm aperture with 650 µm azi. × 500 µm elev. element pitch) with 128 elements in azimuth and 32 rows in elevation. The two arrays were interfaced to an open-platform ultrasound imaging system using custom-designed multiplexing ASICs and imaged with plane waves at Fc = 2.5 MHz.

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Integrating computational and experimental insights into osmolyte-driven activation of Geobacillus kaustophilus L-asparaginase for acrylamide mitigation

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Journal of molecular Liquids 2025年 423卷

作者： Özdemir, F.İnci Servili, Burak Demirtaş, Özge Şükür, Gözde Tülek, Ahmet Yildirim, Deniz Gebze Technical University Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Kocaeli Gebze41400 Turkey Kadir Has University of Science and Engineering Bioinformatics and Genetics Program İstanbul Fatih35430 Turkey Iğdır University Postgraduate Education Institute Department of Bioengineering and Sciences Iğdır Merkez76000 Turkey Cukurova University Faculty of Ceyhan Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Adana Ceyhan01950 Turkey

Osmolytes play a critical role in enhancing the stability and activity of enzymes for industrial applications. This study systematically investigated the effects of various osmolytes on the activity, optimal pH, temperature, stability, metal ion effects, storage, and acrylamide mitigation performance of L-asparaginase from the thermophilic Geobacillus kaustophilus (GkASNase). The experimental findings were further supported by computationally integrated tools such as homology modeling, docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Among the selected osmolytes (maltose, sorbitol, trehalose, glycine, and sucrose), GkASNase showed the highest stability during 30 days of storage in the presence of maltose and arginine. Maltose increased GkASNase activity approximately 2-fold at 37 °C and 55 °C. In the presence of osmolytes, the Km values of GkASNase decreased and the Vmax values increased compared to controls at 37 °C and 55 °C. In the presence of osmolytes, the acrylamide mitigation performance of GkASNase increased by 1.7-fold in a 15 min reaction. The computational analysis indicates that L-asparagine as substrate enhances protein compactness and stability, while arginine as osmolyte increases flexibility and optimizes water distribution around the enzyme. These findings provide novel insights into enzyme stabilization that have implications for therapeutic and biotechnological applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Maltose

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Organic X-Ray Image Sensors Using a Medium Bandgap Polymer Donor with Low Dark Current

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 230-237页

作者： Jong-Woon Ha Seung Hun Eom Bo Kyung Cha Seyeong Song Hyeong Ju Eun Jong H.Kim Jong Mok Park BongSoo Kim Byoungwook Park Seo-Jin Ko Sung Cheol Yoon Changjin Lee In Hwan Jung Do-Hoon Hwang Department of Chemistry Chemistry Institute for Functional MaterialsPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea Division of Advanced Energy Materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Korea Electro-Medical Device Research Center Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute(KERI)Ansan 15588Korea Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Department of Molecular Science and Technology Ajou UniversitySuwon 16449Korea Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyUlsan 44412Korea Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Department of Organic and Nano Engineering Human-Tech Convergence ProgramHanyang University222 Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul 04763Korea

The development of portable X-ray detectors is necessary for diagnosing fractures in unconscious patients in emergency ***,this is quite challenging because of the heavy weight of the scintillator and silicon *** weight and thickness of X-ray detectors can be reduced by replacing the silicon layer with an organic *** study presents a novel bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor that exhibits excellent photodetection properties even in a thick photoactive layer(~700 nm),owing to the symmetric backbone and highly soluble molecular structure of *** ability of bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor to strongly suppress the dark current density(Jd~10−10 A cm^(−2))at a negative bias(−2.0 V)while maintaining high responsivity(R=0.29 A W−1)even at a thickness of 700 nm results in a maximum shot-noise-limited specific detectivity of D_(sh)^(*)=2.18×10^(13)Jones in the organic *** organic photodetectors are developed by slot-die coating for use in X-ray detectors,which exhibit D_(sh)^(*)=2.73×10^(12)Jones with clear rising(0.26 s)and falling(0.29 s)response times upon X-ray *** reliability is also proven by linear response of the X-ray detector,and the X-ray detection limit is 3 mA.

关键词： low dark current low detection limit organic photodetector printable X-ray

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Mental Stress Analysis using the Power Spectrum of fNIRS Signals

Mental Stress Analysis using the Power Spectrum of fNIRS Sig...

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2022 International Conference on Electrical and Computing Technologies and Applications, ICECTA 2022

作者： Katmah, Rateb Al-Shargie, Fares Tariq, Usman Babiloni, Fabio Al-Mughairbi, Fadwa Al-Nashash, Hasan American University of Sharjah Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Department of Electrical Engineering Sharjah United Arab Emirates University of Sapienza Rome Department of Molecular Medicine Rome Italy United Arab Emirates University College of Medicines and Health Sciences Al-Ain United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (数字)9781665456005

ISBN: (纸本)9781665456005

Mental stress is one of the major health problems in modern societies. Detecting mental stress at its early stage and developing a method of stress mitigation is very important for safety, health and quality of life. In this study, we employed a modified Stroop Color Word Task (SCWT) with time constrains and negative feedback about the performance, together with Binaural Beats Stimulation (BBs), to induce three varied levels of mental stress. Level one was based on SCWT alone and level two was based on SCWT+time-pressure and level three was by utilizing SCWT+time-pressure+BBs. We then quantified the level of stress using a NASA TLX questionnaire and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The fNIRS signals were then analyzed using the Welch power spectrum density (PSD) to investigate the discrepancy in brain activity across the three levels of mental stress. We found that the mean PSD value in the frequency range of 0.2 to 0.5 Hz has significantly changed between the three stress levels. These findings indicate that the fNIRS power spectrum analysis method could be used as a robust marker for mental stress. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Power spectrum

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Mental Stress Assessment Using fNIRS and LSTM

Mental Stress Assessment Using fNIRS and LSTM

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2022

ISBN: (数字)9781665452588

ISBN: (纸本)9781665452588

Mental stress is a significant factor in the development of a wide variety of psychological, emotional, behavioral, and physical illnesses. It is critical to accurately quantify mental stress, which needs reliable neuroimaging to monitor stress levels. In this work, we used a modified Stroop Color Word Task (SCWT) with time constraints and negative feedback to elicit two distinct degrees of stress in the workplace. We then used salivary alpha amylase (SAA) concurrently with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to quantify the level of stress. We propose Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to decode the two classes of mental stress based on the fNIRS time series. Five-fold cross validation, two LSTM layers, as well as many trainable characteristics were used to construct the network. The induced mental stress increased the level of salivary alpha amylase significantly (p © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Dual-Element, Two-Dimensional Atom Array with Continuous-Mode Operation

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Physical Review X 2022年第1期12卷 011040-011040页

作者： Kevin Singh Shraddha Anand Andrew Pocklington Jordan T. Kemp Hannes Bernien Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Department of Physics University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA

Quantum processing architectures that include multiple qubit modalities offer compelling strategies for high-fidelity operations and readout, quantum error correction, and a path for scaling to large system sizes. Such hybrid architectures have been realized for leading platforms, including superconducting circuits and trapped ions. Recently, a new approach for constructing large, coherent quantum processors has emerged based on arrays of individually trapped neutral atoms. However, these demonstrations have been limited to arrays of a single atomic element where the identical nature of the atoms makes crosstalk-free control and nondemolition readout of a large number of atomic qubits challenging. Here we introduce a dual-element atom array with individual control of single rubidium and cesium atoms. We demonstrate their independent placement in arrays with up to 512 trapping sites and observe negligible crosstalk between the two elements. Furthermore, by continuously reloading one atomic element while maintaining an array of the other, we demonstrate a new continuous operation mode for atom arrays without any off-time. Our results enable avenues for auxiliary-qubit-assisted quantum protocols such as quantum nondemolition measurements and quantum error correction, as well as continuously operating quantum processors and sensors.

关键词： Hybrid quantum systems Quantum information architectures & platforms Atom & ion cooling Cooling & trapping Optical tweezers

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pH/GSH dual responsive nanosystem for nitric oxide generation enhanced type I photodynamic therapy

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第4期34卷 414-421页

作者： Jianhua Zou Zheng Li Yang Zhu Yucen Tao Qing You Fangfang Cao Qinghe Wu Min Wu Junjie Cheng Jianwei Zhu Xiaoyuan Chen Departments of Diagnostic Radiology SurgeryChemical and Biomolecular Engineeringand Biomedical EngineeringYong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore119074Singapore Nanomedicine Translational Research Program NUS Center for NanomedicineYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore Clinical Imaging Research Centre Centre for Translational MedicineYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore117599Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for ScienceTechnologyand Research(A*STAR)61 Biopolis DriveProteosSingapore138673Singapore Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai200011PR China Department of Chemistry Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026PR China College of Life Science Nanjing Normal University1 Wenyuan RoadNanjing210023PR China

Tumor hypoxia diminishes the effectiveness of traditional type II photodynamic therapy(PDT)due to oxygen *** I PDT,which can operate independently of oxygen,is a viable option for treating hypoxic *** this study,we have designed and synthesized JSK@PEG-IR820 NPs that are responsive to the tumor microenvironment(TME)to enhance type I PDT through glutathione(GSH)*** approach aims to expand the sources of therapeutic benefits by promoting the generation of superoxide radicals(O_(2)^(-).)while minimizing their *** diisopropyl group within PEG-IR820 serves a dual purpose:it functions as a pH sensor for the disassembly of the NPs to release JSK and enhances intermolecular electron transfer to IR820,facilitating efficient O_(2)^(-).***,the release of JSK leads to GSH depletion,resulting in the generation of nitric oxide(NO).This,in turn,contributes to the formation of highly cytotoxic peroxynitrite(ONOO^(-).),thereby enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of these ***-II fluorescence imaging guided therapy has achieved successful tumor eradication with the assistance of laser therapy.

关键词： TME responsive NO gas therapy NIR-II imaging Type I PDT

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Atmospheric humidity regulates same-sex mating in Candida albicans through the trehalose and osmotic signaling pathways

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第8期66卷 1915-1929页

作者： Chao Li Li Tao Guobo Guan Zhangyue Guan Austin M.Perry Tianren Hu Jian Bing Ming Xu Clarissa J.Nobile Guanghua Huang Department of Infectious Diseases Huashan HospitalShanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity and State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of CaliforniaMercedMerced CA 95343USA Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program University of CaliforniaMercedMerced CA 95343USA Health Sciences Research Institute University of CaliforniaMercedMerced CA 95343USA Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms Shanghai 200438China Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections Shanghai 200052China

Sexual reproduction is prevalent in eukaryotic organisms and plays a critical role in the evolution of new traits and in the generation of genetic *** factors often have a direct impact on the occurrence and frequency of sexual reproduction in *** regulatory effects of atmospheric relative humidity(RH)on sexual reproduction and pathogenesis in plant fungal pathogens and in soil fungi have been extensively ***,the knowledge of how RH regulates the lifecycles of human fungal pathogens is *** this study,we report that low atmospheric RH promotes the development of mating projections and same-sex(homothallic)mating in the human fungal pathogen Candida *** RH causes water loss in *** cells,which results in osmotic stress and the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)and *** water transporting aquaporin Aqy1,and the G-protein coupled receptor Gpr1 function as cell surface sensors of changes in atmospheric *** of the trehalose metabolic pathway by inactivating trehalose synthase or trehalase promotes same-sex mating in *** by increasing osmotic or ROS stresses,*** trehalose and ROS signal the Hog1-osmotic and Hsf1-Hsp90 signaling pathways to regulate the mating ***,therefore,propose that the cell surface sensors Aqy1 and Gpr1,intracellular trehalose and ROS,and the Hog1-osmotic and Hsf1-Hsp90 signaling pathways function coordinately to regulate sexual mating in response to low atmospheric RH conditions in ***.

关键词： atmospheric relative humidity sexual reproduction same-sex mating Candida albicans trehalose metabolism osmotic stress

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Observation of possible excitonic charge density waves and metal–insulator transitions in atomically thin semimetals

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Nature Physics 2024年第4期20卷 597-602页

作者： Gao, Qiang Chan, Yang-Hao Jiao, Pengfei Chen, Haiyang Yin, Shuaishuai Tangprapha, Kanjanaporn Yang, Yichen Li, Xiaolong Liu, Zhengtai Shen, Dawei Jiang, Shengwei Chen, Peng Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Shanghai Center for Complex Physics School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei Taiwan Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China College of Engineering International Advanced Technology Program National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

In solids, the condensation of electron and hole pairs with finite momentum leads to an ordered state known as a charge density wave, in which the charge has spatial modulation. However, lattice symmetry breaking and the accompanying relocation of the ions, which changes the charge distribution, can also occur simultaneously, making it difficult to disentangle the origin of the transition. Here we demonstrate a condensed phase in low-dimensional HfTe2. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements reveal a metal–insulator transition upon lowering the temperature. The observation of an opening gap, the renormalization of the bands and the emergence of replica bands in the low-temperature regime suggests that a charge density wave formed in the ground state. Raman spectroscopy shows no sign of lattice distortion within the detection limit. A small amount of electron doping substantially raises the transition temperature due to a reduced screening effect and a more balanced carrier density for electrons and holes. Our results indicate that the formation mechanism of the charge density wave is consistent with the excitonic insulator phase in low-dimensional HfTe2 without any structural modification. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2024.

关键词： Charge density waves

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Evaluation of an MR-compatible Power Supplying Solution for a Second-Generation RF-Penetrable Brain TOF-PET Insert for Simultaneous PET/MRI

Evaluation of an MR-compatible Power Supplying Solution for ...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： M.N. Ullah Q. Dong J. Fisher D. Innes R. D. Watkins C. S. Levin Department of Radiology Stanford University Stanford California United States of America Departments of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California United States of America Department of Electrical Engineering Bioengineering and Physics and Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) Stanford University Stanford California United States of America

ISBN: (数字)9798350388152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388169

We present the development of a modular power supply unit (MPSU) tailored for the PETCoil Gen II, a magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible radio-frequency (RF) penetrable Time of Flight Positron Emission Tomography (TOF-PET) insert with substantial power demands ($\approx 1000 \mathrm{~W}$). The MPSU integrates off-the-shelf switching power supplies, custom MR-compatible coaxial cables, a linear power-regulating unit (LPRU), and an RF shielding cage. A liquid cooling system was implemented to address the overheating issues and maintain optimal detector performance. Our stability test shows consistent PET scanner performance, with an energy resolution and coincidence time resolution (CTR) of $11.74 \pm 0.03 \%$ full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) and $238 \pm 0.5 \mathrm{ps}$ FWHM, respectively, over a 10 -hour-long stability test. Stable temperatures of $20 \pm 0.1 \circ \mathrm{C}$ and $45 \pm 1.4{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ are recorded for PET detector modules and LPRU, respectively, during a 10-hour study. The developed power system offers a modular, MR-compatible, low-noise, and high-power solution for our second-generation RF-Penetrable Brain TOF-PET Insert for simultaneous PET/MRI scanning

关键词： Radio frequency Microwave integrated circuits Power demand Semiconductor detectors Energy resolution Magnetic resonance Switches

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