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16-Hydroxybriaranes from the octocoral Briareum stechei

Phytochemistry Letters 2023年第1期57卷 92-95页

作者： Liu, Chia-Jung Wang, Chien-Chiao Chang, Chun-Feng Zhang, Mingzi M. Tsou, Lun Kelvin Wen, Zhi-Hong Hwang, Tsong-Long Chen, You-Ying Sung, Ping-Jyun Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Pingtung 944401 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Division of Urology Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 802301 Taiwan Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Zhunan 350401 Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Zhunan 350401 Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan 333008 Taiwan Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 333324 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei 243303 Taiwan Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404394 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807378 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City 242062 Taiwan

Two new 16-hydroxybriaranes, 11-dehydroxybriavioid B (1) and 12-epi-briastecholide L (2), have been isolated from an algal-containing octocoral identified as Briareum stechei. The structures of metabolites 1 and 2 were corroborated by extensive 2D-NMR studies and comparison with literature data. Briarane 2 was found to reduce the release of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) to 87.92 %, at a concentration of 10 μM. © 2023 Phytochemical Society of Europe

关键词： Briarane Briareum stechei Briastecholide Briavioid iNOS

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Mesenchymal stromal cell exosomes enhance dental pulp cell functions and promote pulp-dentin regeneration

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Biomaterials and Biosystems 2023年 11卷

作者： Shi, Jiajun Teo, Kristeen Ye Wen Zhang, Shipin Lai, Ruenn Chai Rosa, Vinicius Tong, Huei Jinn Duggal, Mandeep S. Lim, Sai Kiang Toh, Wei Seong Faculty of Dentistry National University of Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore College of Dental Medicine QU Health Qatar University Qatar Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Tissue Engineering Program Life Sciences Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program NUS Graduate School National University of Singapore Singapore

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) therapies are currently being explored for dental pulp regeneration. As the therapeutic effects of MSCs in tissue repair are mediated mainly through the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes, we investigated here the cellular processes and molecular mechanisms modulated by MSC exosomes in dental pulp regeneration. Using dental pulp cell (DPC) cultures, we demonstrated that MSC exosomes could increase DPC migration, proliferation, and odontogenic differentiation. The enhancement of these cellular processes was mediated through exosomal CD73-mediated adenosine receptor activation of AKT and ERK signaling. Consistent with these observations, MSC exosomes increased the expression of dentin matrix proteins and promoted the formation of dentin-like tissue and bridge-like structures in a rat pulp defect model. These effects were comparable to that of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) treatment. MSC exosomes also yielded recellularized pulp-dentin tissues in the root canal of endodontically-treated human premolars, following subcutaneous implantation in the mouse dorsum. Together, our findings suggest that MSC exosomes could exert a multi-faceted effect on DPC functions including migration, proliferation and odontogenic differentiation to promote dental pulp regeneration. This study provides the basis for development of MSC exosomes as a cell-free MSC therapeutic alternative for pulp-dentin regeneration. © 2023

关键词： Dental pulp Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells Regeneration

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Enhanced CO 2 photoreduction to CH 4 via *COOH and *CHO intermediates stabilization by synergistic effect of implanted P and S vacancy in thin-film SnS 2

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Nano Energy 2024年 128卷

作者： Tadios Tesfaye Mamo Mohammad Qorbani Adane Gebresilassie Hailemariam Raghunath Putikam Che-Men Chu Ting-Rong Ko Amr Sabbah Chih-Yang Huang Septia Kholimatussadiah Tadesse Billo Mahmoud Kamal Hussien Shuo-Yun Chang Ming-Chang Lin Wei-Yen Woon Heng-Liang Wu Ken-Tsung Wong Li-Chyong Chen Kuei-Hsien Chen Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Chemistry College of Natural Science Dire Dawa University Dire Dawa 1362 Ethiopia Department of Physics National Central University Jungli 32054 Taiwan Tabbin Institute for Metallurgical Studies Tabbin Helwan 109 Cairo 11421 Egypt International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue Lemont IL 60439 United States Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut 71516 Egypt Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 10610 Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu 30092 Taiwan

Reduction of CO 2 to value-added hydrocarbons through artificial photosynthesis is one of the way to address the energy crisis and climate change issues. It is known that lowering the activation energy of CO 2 molecules on the photocatalyst surface and key intermediates is crucial in photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. Herein, we present phosphorus-implanted 20-nm SnS 2 continuous thin film with sulfur vacancies ( i.e. , S V -SnS 2 :P where P substitutes on S sites). The fabrication process involves thermal evaporation, post-sulfurization, and ion implantation. Our gas-phase photocatalytic experiments show an enhanced and selective CO 2 photoreduction to CH 4 with a yield of 0.13 µmol cm −2 and selectivity of 92 % under solar-light irradiation for 4 h over an optimal ∼4.5 % P and ∼16 % S V . Experimental observations, conducted through X-ray absorption near edge, in situ near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron, and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies, along with first-principle density functional theory calculations. Results reveal that P dopant is significantly affected by nearby S V via local charge density transfer from P to the nearest Sn and next-nearest S neighbor atoms, consequently, leads to the stabilization of *COOH and *CHO intermediates, where asterisks stand for P as the active site. Our results demonstrate how active site modulation, without using precious co-catalysts, plays a crucial role in intermediate stabilization in a wireless photocatalysis process.

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Transplantation of human kidney organoids elicited a robust allogeneic response in a humanized mouse model

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Kidney International 2025年第6期107卷 1011-1016页

作者： Mon-Wei Yu, Samuel Choi, John Yongjoon Kady, Jamie De Cos, Marina Wong, Jenny S. King, Emily Younis, Nour Al Rahy, Nadim Al Chaar, Soltan Djebli, Houda Eskandari, Siawosh Samuel, Stephen Merhej, Tamara Sukumar, Nivedha Lin, Jia-Ren Chen, Jia-Yun Xu, Yilin Santagata, Sandro Weins, Astrid Yeung, Melissa Cravedi, Paolo Campbell, Kirk N. Lemos, Dario Bonventre, Joseph V. Brehm, Michael A. Azzi, Jamil Department of Medicine Nephrology Division Mount Sinai Hospital New York NY United States Department of Medicine Renal Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Program in Molecular Medicine Diabetes Center of Excellence University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Worcester MA United States Doctoral School of Science and Technology Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon Institute of Biological Science Faculty of Medical Sciences Mohammed VI Polytechnic University Benguerir Morocco Department of Biotechnology Northeastern University Boston MA United States Department of Systems Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Pathology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Harvard Stem Cell Institute Cambridge MA United States Department of Medicine Division of Engineering in Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States

Human kidney organoids derived from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have become novel tools for studying various kidney pathologies. Here, we transplanted ESC-derived kidney organoids into humanized mice with a mature human adaptive immune system developed through thymic education. As judged by histology and immunophenotyping, the transplanted HLA-mismatched kidney organoids trigged a robust alloimmune response, characterized by a dense immune cell infiltrate and enhanced memory T cell phenotype in the allograft 30 days post-transplantation. Multiplexed immunofluorescence revealed expression of functional markers of various immune cell infiltrates in response to organoid allografts, mimicking the T cell-mediated rejection process in humans. This validated our model as a novel platform to study various therapeutic strategies to control alloimmunity. Splenocytes isolated from organoid-transplanted hosts showed an alloantigen-specific memory response against 2D kidney organoids ex vivo. Overall, our study indicates that transplanting kidney organoids in humanized mice may be a valuable tool for studying human allogeneic immunity. © 2025 International Society of Nephrology

关键词： human kidney organoids humanized mice model kidney transplantation

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CasX: a new and small CRISPR gene-editing protein

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细胞研究（英文版） 2019年第5期29卷 345-346页

作者： Hui Yang Dinshaw J.Patel State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China Structural Biology Program Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York NY 10065 USA Biology Department Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China

In a recent paper published in Nature,Liu et *** the DNA cleavage characteristics of CasX (a newly identified duaI-RNA-guided DNA targeting nuclease) and establish its capacity for genome editing in Escherichia coli and human ***,they capture structural snapshots of CasX in different states by cryo-EM and establish a model of RNA assembly,DNA targeting and sequential cleavage.

关键词： molecular biology Structural biology

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A pretrained transformer model for decoding individual glucose dynamics from continuous glucose monitoring data

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National science Review 2025年第5期 362-381页

作者： Yurun Lu Dan Liu Zhongming Liang Rui Liu Pei Chen Yitong Liu Jiachen Li Zhanying Feng Lei M.Li Bin Sheng Weiping Jia Luonan Chen Huating Li Yong Wang Center for Excellence in Mathematical Sciences National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences Hua Loo-Keng Center for Mathematical Sciences Key Laboratory of Management Decision and Information System Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences BGI-Research School of Mathematics South China University of Technology Department of Statistics Department of Biomedical Data Science Bio-X ProgramStanford University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology Pazhou Laboratory (Huangpu)

Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) technology has grown rapidly to track real-time blood glucose levels and trends with improved sensor accuracy. The ease of use and wide availability of CGM will facilitate safe and effective decision making for diabetes management. Here, we developed an attention-based deep learning model, CGMformer, pretrained on a well-controlled and diverse corpus of CGM data to represent individual's intrinsic metabolic state and enable clinical applications. During pretraining, CGMformer encodes glucose dynamics including glucose level, fluctuation, hyperglycemia, and hypoglycemia into latent space with self-supervised learning. It shows generalizability in imputing glucose value across five external datasets with different populations and metabolic states(MAE = 3.7 mg/d L). We then fine-tuned CGMformer towards a diverse panel of downstream tasks in the screening of diabetes and its complications using task-specific data, which demonstrated a consistently boosted predictive accuracy over direct fine-tuning on a single task(AUROC = 0.914 for type 2 diabetes(T2D) screening and 0.741 for complication screening). By learning an intrinsic representation of an individual's glucose dynamics,CGMformer classifies non-diabetic individuals into six clusters with elevated T2D risks, and identifies a specific cluster with lean body-shape but high risk of glucose metabolism disorders, which is overlooked by traditional glucose measurements. Furthermore, CGMformer achieves high accuracy in predicting an individual's postprandial glucose response with dietary modelling(Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.763)and helps personalized dietary recommendations. Overall, CGMformer pretrains a transformer neural network architecture to learn an intrinsic representation by borrowing information from a large amount of daily glucose profiles, and demonstrates predictive capabilities fine-tuned towards a broad range of downstream applications, holding promise for the ear

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Camouflaged Virus-Like-Nanocarrier with a Transformable Rough Surface for Boosting Drug Delivery

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第14期135卷

作者： Hongyue Yu Yan Yu Runfeng Lin Minchao Liu Qiaoyu Zhou Mengli Liu Liang Chen Wenxing Wang Prof. Ahmed A. Elzatahry Prof. Dongyuan Zhao Prof. Xiaomin Li Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Materials Science and Technology Program College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University P.O. Box 2713 Doha Qatar

Due to non-specific strong nano–bio interactions, it is difficult for nanocarriers with permanent rough surface to cross multiple biological barriers to realize efficient drug delivery. Herein, a camouflaged virus-like-nanocarrier with a transformable rough surface is reported, which is composed by an interior virus-like mesoporous SiO 2 nanoparticle with a rough surface (vSiO 2 ) and an exterior acid-responsive polymer. Under normal physiological pH condition, the spikes on vSiO 2 are hidden by the polymer shell, and the non-specific strong nano–bio interactions are effectively inhibited. While in the acidic tumor microenvironment, the nanocarrier sheds the polymer camouflage to re-expose its rough surface. So, the retention ability and endocytosis efficiency of the nanocarrier are great improved. Owing to it's the dynamically variable rough surface, the rationally designed nanocarrier exhibits extended blood-circulation-time and enhanced tumor accumulation.

关键词： Antitumor Agents Drug Delivery Nanomedicines pH-Response

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Ophthalmic characteristics and retinal vasculature changes in Williams syndrome, and its association with systemic diseases

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Eye (Basingstoke) 2023年第11期37卷 2265-2271页

作者： Yeh, Tsai-Chu Cheng, Hui-Chen Li, Hsing-Yuan Chi, Sheng Chu Yang, Hsin-Yu Yu, Jenn-Yah Niu, Dau-Ming Wang, An-Guor School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Department of Ophthalmology Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Program in Molecular Medicine College of Life Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences College of Life Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Brain Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Department of Pediatrics Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Biology and Anatomy National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuanshan and Suao Branch Yilan Taiwan Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan

Background: We aim to characterise the ophthalmic findings and retinal vasculature changes in patients with WS, and to analyse the correlation between ophthalmic manifestations and the associated systemic diseases. Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 27 WS patients and 28 age-matched healthy participants. Stellate pattern of iris, central macular thickness (CMT), foveal width, retinal vessel diameter, superficial vascular density (SVD) of macula and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were compared between WS patients and healthy participants. Results: Twenty-five patients (93%) had the classic stellate iris presentation. Compared with healthy controls, WS patients had decreased CMT, increased foveal width and a lower SVD of macula (all P < 0.001). Significantly decreased mean retinal arterial (117.9 ± 9.9 µm vs. 133.0 ± 6.7 µm in WS and controls, respectively;p < 0.001) and venous (158.9 ± 11.2 µm vs. 174.0 ± 8.0 µm in WS and controls, respectively;p < 0.001) outer diameters, as well as mean arterial wall thickness (11.2 ± 1.3 µm vs. 12.2 ± 0.8 µm in WS and controls, respectively;p < 0.01) were found in WS. Stellate iris grading was significantly associated with CMT, foveal width, retinal vessel diameter (all p < 0.05), and a significant increase in the odds of having hypertension (Odds ratio (OR), 5.63;P < 0.05). The severity of stellate iris in WS seemed to have the trend of increasing risk of having pulmonary stenosis, tricuspid regurgitation and mitral regurgitation. Conclusions: This study provides the first in vivo evidence reflecting current knowledge on vessel morphology in WS patients that deficient circumferential growth is the predominant pathophysiologic changes resulting from elastin deficiency. The ophthalmic characteristics may serve as a complementary tool to diagnose and follow-up patients suffering from WS. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Royal College of Ophthalmologists.

关键词： Eye manifestations Predictive markers

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Protective effect and antioxidative efficacy of Moringa stenopetala leaf extract in BV-2 microglial cell

Food Chemistry Advances

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Food Chemistry Advances 2024年 5卷

作者： Adefegha, Stephen Adeniyi Mostardeiro, Vitor Morsch, Vera Maria Morel, Ademir F. Da Cruz, Ivana Beatrice Manica Somacal, Sabrina Oboh, Ganiyu Schetinger, Maria Rosa Chitolina Functional Foods Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Technology P. M. B. 704 Akure Nigeria Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Center of Natural and Exacts Sciences Federal University of Santa Maria RS Santa Maria 97105-900 Brazil Department of Chemistry Center of Natural and Exacts Sciences Federal University of Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil Biogenomics Laboratory Department of Morphology Federal University of Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil Department of Food Science and Technology Center for Rural Sciences Federal University of Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil

Moringa stenopetala is often consumed as food and used in folkloric medicine for the management of several diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated the protective effect and antioxidant efficacy of aqueous extract of Moringa stenopetala in BV-2 microglial cells. Aqueous extracts of M. stenopetala were prepared, lyophilized and reconstituted in 0.5% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). Cells were treated with M. stenopetala extracts (0.1–100 µg/ml) for cell viability assay and nitric oxide (NO) production tests. However, M. stenopetala extract (50 µg/ml) was used in the treatment of cells for the determination of protein carbonyl content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Incubation of BV-2 microglia cell with M. stenopetala extract maintained cell viability, diminished NO and ROS levels, and reduced protein carbonyl contents. Chlorogenic acid, rutin, kaempferol and quercetin derivatives were the main phenolic compounds identified in M. stenopetala leaf extract. In conclusion, this study suggests that M. stenopetala extract is rich in antioxidant and contains bioactive neuroprotective agents. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Antioxidant BV-2 microglial cell Cell viability Moringa stenopetala Oxidative stress

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Phytocannabinoids: Pharmacological effects, biomedical applications, and worldwide prospection

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Journal of traditional and complementary medicine 2023年第6期13卷 575-587页

作者： Ana L G de Brito Siqueira Pedro V V Cremasco Juliana O Bahú Aline Pioli da Silva Lucas R Melo de Andrade Paula G A González Sara Crivellin Viktor O Cárdenas Concha Karolline Krambeck Leandro Lodi Patrícia Severino Eliana B Souto Institute of Science and Technology Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL) Poços de Caldas 37715-400 Minas Gerais Brazil. National Institute of Science and Technology in Biofabrication (INCT-BIOFABRIS) School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Albert Einstein Ave. Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz Campinas 13083-852 SP Brazil. Institute of Environmental Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science School of Chemical Engineering Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) São Nicolau St. Jd. Pitangueiras Diadema 09913-030 SP Brazil. Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Food and Nutrition Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande 79070-900 MS Brazil. Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology Department of Drug Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto 4050-313 Porto Portugal. UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit MEDTECH Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto 4050-313 Porto Portugal. Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto 4050-313 Porto Portugal. Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMed) Institute of Technology and Research (ITP) Murilo Dantas Ave. 300 Aracaju 49010-390 Sergipe Brazil. Industrial Biotechnology Program University of Tiradentes (UNIT) Murilo Dantas Ave. 300 Aracaju 49010-390 Sergipe Brazil.

Scientific evidence exists about the association between neurological diseases (i.e., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis, depression, and memory loss) and oxidative damage. The increasing worldwide incidence of such diseases is attracting the attention of researchers to find palliative medications to reduce the symptoms and promote quality of life, in particular, in developing countries, e.g., South America and Africa. Among potential alternatives, extracts of L. are suitable for people who have neurological disorders, spasticity, and pain, nausea, resulting from diseases such as cancer and arthritis. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in the use of Cannabis, its subtypes and constituents, extraction methods, and relevant pharmacological effects. Biomedical applications, marketed products, and prospects for the worldwide use of L. extracts are also discussed, providing the bibliometric maps of scientific literature published in representative countries from South America (i.e., Brazil) and Africa (i.e., South Africa). A lack of evidence on the effectiveness and safety of Cannabis, besides the concerns about addiction and other adverse events, has led many countries to act with caution before changing Cannabis-related regulations. Recent findings are expected to increase the social acceptance of Cannabis, while new technologies seem to boost the global cannabis market because the benefits of (-)-trans-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) use have been proven in several studies in addition to the potential to general new employment.

关键词： Cannabidiol Cannabis Sativa L. Commercial products Market Trans-Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol

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