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Investigation of image segmentation effect on the accuracy of reconstructed digital core models of coquina carbonate

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Applied Geophysics 2020年第4期17卷 501-512页

作者： Wang Hai-Tao Wang Li Lai Fu-Qiang Zhang Jin-Yan School of Petroleum Engineering Chongqing University of Science&TechnologyChongqing 401331China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Shale Gas Exploration and Development Chongqing 401120China Key Laboratory of Complex Oil and Gas Field Exploration and Development Chongqing University of Science&TechnologyChongqing 401331China The First Oil Production Plant of Changqing Oilfi eld PetroChina Company LimitedShanxi Yan’An 716000China Logging Application Research Institute CNPC LoggingShanxi Xi’An 710000China Well Logging Company Shengli Oilfi eld Service CorporationSinopecShandong Dongying 257096China

Digital core models reconstructed using X-ray tomography(X-CT)enable the quantitative characterization of the pore structure in three dimensions(3D)and the numerical simulation of *** the X-CT images accurately reflect the micro structures of core samples,the greyscale threshold in the image segmentation determines the accuracy of digital cores and the simulated petrophysical ***,it is vital to investigate the comparison parameter for determining the key greyscale threshold and the criterion to describe the accuracy of the *** coquina digital core models from X-CT are used in this work to study the impact of grayscale threshold on the porosity,pore percolation,connectivity and electrical resistivity of the pore scale model and these simulations are calculated by Minkowski functions,component labeling and fi nite element method,respectively,to quantify the pore structure and simulate electrical *** showed that the simulated physical properties of the digital cores,varied with the gradual increase of the greyscale *** the four parameters related to the threshold,the porosity was most sensitive and chose as the comparison parameter to judge the accuracy of the greyscale *** variations of the threshold change the micro pore structures,and then the electrical *** the porosity of the digital core model is close to the experimental porosity,the simulated porosity exponent matches the experimental porosity exponents *** good agreement proved that the porosity is the critical comparison parameter to describe the accuracy of image *** criterion is that the porosity of the digital core after segmentation should be close to the experimental porosity.

关键词： Porous media X-CT image segmentation digital core electrical resistivity simulation

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Study on affecting factors and mechanism of oil tubing corrosion in northern Shaanxi Oil Field 2nd

Study on affecting factors and mechanism of oil tubing corro...

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2nd International Conference on Metal Material Processes and Manufacturing, ICMMPM 2019

作者： Ma, Yun Liu, Shitao Zhang, Hong Feng, Yuhan Gou, Shunchao Bai, Haitao College of Petroleum Engineering Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Stimulation Technology for Oil & Gas Reservoirs Xi’an Shiyou University Xi’an710065 China Engineering Research Center of Development and Management for Low to Ultra-Low Permeability Oil & Gas Reservoirs in West China Ministry of Education Xi’an71006 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi’an Shiyou University Xi’an710065 China Production Logging Center China Petroleum Logging Company Limited Xi’an710200 China College of Petroleum Engineering Xi’an Shiyou University Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9783035716320

Tubing corrosion is a difficult problem in oilfield production. In order to explore the main factors influencing the tubing corrosion, this study first select some region of northern shaanxi 28 Wells, spent nearly 2 years of tubing corrosion weightlessness method of monitoring and analysis of physical and chemical properties of produced fluid to conduct a comprehensive system, then SPSS program is used to analyze the 11 influence factors such as temperature, moisture content, pH and the correlation of corrosion, at the same time in order to verify the accuracy of the statistical analysis of the results, the spot corrosion coupon for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that the water content, chloride ion and sulfide of the produced fluid are relatively high, and the water quality is alkaline. Through grey correlation calculation, the correlation degree with corrosion rate is 0.8386, 0.8281 and 0.8281, respectively. The results of scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis are basically consistent with the statistical analysis, indicating that the property of produced fluid can be used to predict the corrosion status of tubing. © 2020 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Corrosion rate

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Petrophysical properties of deep Longmaxi Formation shales in the southern Sichuan Basin, SW China

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Petroleum Exploration and development 2020年第6期47卷 1183-1193页

作者： XU Zhonghua ZHENG Majia LIU Zhonghua DENG Jixin LI Xizhe GUO Wei LI Jing WANG Nan ZHANG Xiaowei GUO Xiaolong State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Geophysics Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development-Northwest(NWGI) PetroChinaLanzhou 730020China School of Geosciences and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Research Institute of Well Logging and Remote Sensing PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&DevelopmentBeijing 100083China Sichuan Basin Research Center PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&DevelopmentBeijing 100083China

Deep shale layer in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation,southern Sichuan Basin is the major replacement target of shale gas exploration in ***,the prediction of"sweet-spots"in deep shale gas reservoirs lacks physical basis due to the short of systematic experimental research on the physical properties of the deep *** on petrological,acoustic and hardness measurements,variation law and control factors of dynamic and static elastic properties of the deep shale samples are *** study results show that the deep shale samples are similar to the middle-shallow shale in terms of mineral composition and pore *** characteristics of organic-rich shale samples(TOC>2%)indicate that these shale samples have a framework of microcrystalline quartz grains;the intergranular pores in these shale samples are between rigid quartz grains and have mechanical property of hard *** lean-organic shale samples(TOC<2%),with quartz primarily coming from terrigenous debris,feature plastic clay mineral particles as the support frame in rock *** pores in these samples are between clay particles,and show features of soft pores in mechanical *** difference in microtexture of the deep shale samples results in an asymmetrical inverted V-type change in velocity with quartz content,and the organic-rich shale samples have a smaller variation rate in velocity-porosity and velocity-organic matter *** due to the difference in microtexture,the organic-rich shale and organic-lean shale can be clearly discriminated in the cross plots of P-wave impedance versus Poisson’s ratio as well as elasticity modulus versus Poisson’s *** shale samples with quartz mainly coming from biogenic silica show higher hardness and brittleness,while the shale samples with quartz from terrigenous debris have hardness and brittleness less affected by quartz *** study results can provide a basis for well-logging interpretation and"sweet

关键词： southern Sichuan Basin Silurian deep Longmaxi Formation shale rock physical properties elasticity velocity

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A New Fracability Evaluation Approach for Shale Reservoirs Based on Multivariate Analysis: A Case Study in Zhaotong Shale Gas Demonstration Zone in Sichuan, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第4期93卷 1005-1014页

作者： LIU Shanyong LI Lin YUAN Yuan LOU Yishan LI Zhonghui Institute of Mud Logging Technology and Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434023HubeiChina Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization&Sedimentary Mineral Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China The Key Laboratory of Well Stability and Fluid&Rock Mechanics in Oil and Gas Reservoir of Shaanxi Province Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an 710065China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Petro ChinaZhejiang Oilfield CompanyHangzhou 310023ZhejiangChina College of Technology&Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434020HubeiChina School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan 430100HubeiChina

Fracability characterizes the effectiveness of hydraulic *** existing assessment methods cannot reflect the actual value of the effectiveness due to a lack of comprehensive consideration and neglect of the influences of engineering *** study aims to solve this problem by implementing geological static data and production dynamic data in multivariate analysis in Zhaotong shale gas demonstration ***,the reservoir quality index(RQI)was introduced to evaluate the exploration potential by integrating the geological parameters with gray relational ***,the differences in fracturing fluid types and proppant sizes were considered,and the operating parameters were normalized on the basis of the equivalence ***,the general reservoir fracability index(GRFI)was proposed based on a dimensioned processing of the various parameters.A case study was conducted to verify the accuracy and feasibility of this new *** results demonstrate that(1)the organic carbon and gas content are adjusted to contribute the most to the calculation of the RQI,while the effective porosity contributes the least;(2)the fracturing scale is the main operating parameter determining the fracability,which has the strongest correlation with the effectiveness of fracking;and(3)the GRFI has a positive correlation with shale gas production,and the lower limit of the GRFI of 2,000 corresponds to a daily production of 50,000 m3/d;this value is defined as the threshold value of a stripper *** GRFI is consistent with the productivity trend of shale gas wells in the research block,which suggests that the new model is accurate and practical for well candidate selection.

关键词： fracability multivariate analysis equivalence principle network fracturing shale gas

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Integrated Petrophysical Evaluation of Shale Gas Reservoirs for Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Southeast Chongqing

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第2期804卷

作者： Ping Yan Xiaopan Kou Gang Hu Qian Yin Lina Zhang Wei Wang Fuqiang Lai Logging Application Research Institute China Petroleum Logging CO.LTD Xi'an 710077 China Exploration and Development Research Institute of Changqing oilfield Company Xi'an 710021 China Interpretation and Evaluation Center of Tianjin Branch China Petroleum Logging CO.LTD Tianjin 300280 China Key Laboratory of Complex Oil and Gas Field Exploration and Development Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China

Shale gas is an important unconventional natural gas resource. Different from conventional oil and gas exploration, gas shale is not only the source rock of natural gas, but also the cap rock and reservoir. This paper presents a logging interpretation method for comprehensive evaluation of shale gas. Taking well A in southeast Chongqing from Sichuan Basin as an example, the shale gas reservoir of Wufeng-Longmaxi formation is evaluated. This method makes full use of conventional logging data (gamma ray, array lateral resistivity, density, neutron, acoustic, spectral gamma ray), unconventional log data (NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, ECS Elemental Capture Spectroscopy) and core experiment data (X-ray Diffraction, Tight Rock Analysis, Methane Adsorption Isotherm). This method of combining logging data with core measurement can provide mineralogy, porosity, permeability, saturation, kerogen volume, total organic carbon content, absorbed gas content and free gas content. The methods provide a means to understand the petrophysical properties and reservoir quality of Wufeng-Longmaxi shale. This information can help to determine the 'sweet spot' along the vertical to land and design a selective completion strategy to optimize well productivity.

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The Influence of Extractable Organic Matter on Pore development in the Late Triassic Chang 7 Lacustrine Shales, Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第4期92卷 1508-1522页

作者： HAN Hui LIU Pengwei DING Zhengang SHI Pitong JIA Jianchao ZHANG Wei LIU Yan CHEN Shijia LU Jungang Chen Kang PENG Xudong WANG Zhiyong XIAO Shuqi GAO Yuans State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploration Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources & Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co. Ltd. Xi 'ani 710000 Development Business Unit of Huabei Oilfield Company Petro China Renqiu Hebei 062552 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development of Huabei Oilfield Company Petro China Renqiu Hebei 062552 Institute of Mud Logging Technology and Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei 434023 Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis Beijing 100089

To investigate the influence of extractable organic matter （EOM） on pore evolution of lacustrine shales, Soxhlet extraction, using dichloromethane, was performed on a series of Chang 7 shale samples （Ordos Basin, China） with vitrinite reflectance of 0.64% to 1.34%. Low-pressure gas adsorption experiments were conducted on the samples before and after extraction. The pore structure parameters were calculated from the gas adsorption data. The results show complex changes to the pore volumes and surface areas after extraction. The pore development of both the initial and extracted samples is strongly controlled by total organic carbon （TOC） content. Micropores developed mainly in organic matter （OM）, while mesopores and macropores predominantly developed in fractions other than OM. The influence of EOM on micropores is stronger than on mesopores and macropores. Organic solvents with a higher boiling point should be used to explore the effect of EOM on pore structure in the future.

关键词： lacustrine shale pore development extraction shale gas Chang 7 Ordos Basin

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Analysis of the causes of tube blocking in Jingbian gas field

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019年第1期542卷

作者： Congdan Ye Shunchao Gou Yuhan Feng Buneng Niu Yun Ma College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China Production Logging Center China Petroleum Logging Company Limited Xi'an China College of Petroleum Engineering Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Stimulation Technology for Oil & Gas Reservoirs Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China Engineering Research Center of Development and Management for Low to Ultra-Low Permeability Oil & Gas Reservoirs in West China Ministry of Education Xi'an China

A large number of blockage appeared in gas wells and pipeline appeared, which caused plugging, corrosion and the increasing of wellbore pressure difference, and seriously affect the normal production of gas well of problems. In this paper, the water quality over the years and natural gas production of the JB1# well in the Jingbian gas field were analyzed, also include the composition of blockage with the chemical volumetric method (CVM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and x-ray fluorescence (XFS) method. Meanwhile, the blockage powder was leached in simulated acid work solution, and then the leaching solution was analyzed with CVM. The experimental results show that the produced water in the JB1# well has unstable water quality, high salinity, high Cl- content, and low pH value, high H2S and CO2 content in natural gas, so easy to produce corrosion and carbonate scaling. The main component of the blockage is a mixture of corrosion product Fe2O3 and a small amount of CaCO3 scale. The corrosion product Fe2O3 is mainly generated by the mixture of dissolved oxygen, H2S, CO2 and other corrosion effects. The main cause of blockage in the JB1# well is the deposition of Fe2O3 and CaCO3 scales caused by the corrosive effects of dissolved oxygen, H2S and CO2.

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Reservoir architecture patterns of sandy gravel braided distributary channel A case study of Triassic Upper Karamay Formation,Xinjiang oilfield

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Petroleum 2016年第2期2卷 117-129页

作者： Senlin Yin Zhangming Hu Xiang Ren Xiaojun Wu Yanhui Chen Lijun Zheng Zhibin Jiang Institute of Mud Logging Technology and Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhouHubei434023China Western Drilling Engineering Company of PetroChina Karamay 834000China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay 834000XinjiangChina

The purpose of this study was to discuss shape,scale and superimposed types of sandy gravel bodies in sandy-gravel braided distributary *** analysis,hierarchy bounding surface analysis and subsurface dense well pattern combining with outcrops method were used to examine reservoir architecture patterns of sandy gravel braided distributary channel based on cores,well logging,and outcrops data,and the reservoir architecture patterns of sandy gravel braided distributary channels in different grades have been *** study shows:(1)The main reservoir architecture elements for sandy gravel braided channel delta are distributary channel and overbank sand,while reservoir flow barrier elements are interchannel and lacustrine mudstone.(2)The compound sand bodies in the sandy gravel braided delta distributary channel take on three shapes:sheet-like distributary channel sand body,interweave strip distributary channel sand body,single strip distributary channel sand body.(3)Identification marks of single distributary channel include:elevation of sand body top,lateral overlaying,“thick-thin-thick”feature of sand bodies,interchannel mudstone and overbank sand between distributary channels and the differences in well log curve shape of sand bodies.(4)Nine lithofacies types were distinguished in distributary channel unit interior,different channel units have different lithofacies association sequence.

关键词： Distributary channel Gravel braided channel delta Reservoir architecture 31st section of Pinglianggou Block Yizhong

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Hydrocarbon phase limit and conversion process in the deep formation from Qikou Sag of Bohai Bay rift lacustrine basin, China

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Journal of Natural Gas Geoscience 2017年第4期2卷 229-238页

作者： Yan Liu Yongjing Tian Chiyin Yang Dunqing Xiao Qianjin Liao Chen Shen Yunpeng Fan Penghai Tang Xiugang Pu Wenya Jiang Institute of Mud Logging Technology and Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Exploration and Development Research Institute Dagang Oilfield Company of PetroChina Tianjin 300280 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Sedimentary Mineral Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590 China Dagang Oilfield Company of PetroChina Tianjin 300280 China

It is an important research direction for the prediction of hydrocarbon phase in the reservoir during the deep exploration of rift basins in eastern China. The typical lacustrine crude oil of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag was used for oil cracking to gas simulation experiment by the gold tube in this paper. Then, the kinetic parameters obtained from the experimental data were studied during the cracking reactions and the hydrocarbon phase conversion process under geological conditions. The results showed that the activation energy of the oil cracking to gas from the BH-28 lacustrine crude oil ranged from 250 kJ/mol to 270 kJ/mol with an average of E O = 255.47 kJ/mol, and the frequency factor was about A = 10 14 s −1 . It is higher than that of typical marine oil E O = 246.97 kJ/mol. Using these kinetic parameters, the simulated cracking process of the lacustrine oil of Shahejie Formation was far different from that of marine oil from western China under the same geological heating rate (3 °C/Ma). And the simulated oil cracking degree in Well Niudong-1 is 73.9%, almost the same with the conversion cracking degree (60%–75%) by concentrations of 3,4-dimethyldiamantane. The kinetics of oil cracking gas could be used to investigate the oil cracking degree easily, then to get the theoretical separate oil phase depth limit. By using this model, oil in Qikou Sag, as a theoretical separate phase destruction, occurs above 5700 m depth limit ( R O is about 2.0%, reservoir temperature = 209 °C, with cracking transition C of 62.5%), and condensate gas destruction occurs above 6700 m depth limit ( R O is about 3.2%, reservoir temperature = 240 °C, with C to 99%) under the geological conditions from Qikou Sag. Actually, the hydrocarbon phase is affected by many factors. For example, migration and changes of temperature and pressure conditions have great influence on phase conversion behavior. The injection of gas, originated from kerogen cracking gas and oil cracking gas in

关键词： Deep strata Hydrocarbon phase Oil cracking gas Rift basin Kinetics

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Quantitative Characterization and Genesis Analysis of Complex Modals of Pore Structure in Alluvial-Fan Sandy Conglomerate Reservoirs

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石油天然气学报 2017年第3期39卷 1-12页

作者： Senlin Yin Juan Chen Yukun Chen Xiaoguang Wang Xuzhuang Zhu Institute of Mud Logging Technology and Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei College of Technology and Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei Research Institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield Company PetroChina Karamay Xinjiang Xibu Drilling Engineering Company of Petro China Karamay Xinjiang

新疆油田冲积扇砂砾岩储层岩石类型多样,颗粒大小混杂,分选极差,储层孔隙结构具有典型的多种模态特征,即单模态、双模态与复模态等。利用铸体薄片、压汞、恒速压汞资料定量表征了七东1区砂砾岩储层复杂模态孔隙特征以及连通特征,利用多... 详细信息

新疆油田冲积扇砂砾岩储层岩石类型多样,颗粒大小混杂,分选极差,储层孔隙结构具有典型的多种模态特征,即单模态、双模态与复模态等。利用铸体薄片、压汞、恒速压汞资料定量表征了七东1区砂砾岩储层复杂模态孔隙特征以及连通特征,利用多元回归分析法建立复杂模态孔隙结构储层的识别模型。以此为基础,分析了冲积扇砂砾岩储层孔隙结构复杂模态成因机制。研究表明:单模态储层主要以Ⅰ类储层为主,双模态储层以Ⅱ、Ⅲ类储层为主,复模态储层以Ⅲ类储层为主。从单模态类型到复模态孔喉组合类型,孔隙发育由好变差,由连通较好的网状到连通较差的星点状,面孔率降低,平均孔径减小,孔喉配位数减小。利用已有147块样品统计发现,七东1区下克拉玛依组储层中单模态储层占19%、双模态储层占48%、复模态储层占33%。由此提出不同模态判断标准,建立了储层孔隙结构预测模型,揭示了储层构型、成岩后作用及注水(聚)开发中后期的系列变化等多因素是导致形成复杂模态的原因。

关键词：学术期刊石油天然气中国期刊评价学报研制工作项目组

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