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Probiotic and sodium butyrate in dog food: effects on digestibility and hematological, metabolic and oxidative biomarkers

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Comparative Clinical Pathology 2024年第6期33卷 905-912页

作者： Schnorr, Ângelo M. H. Zatti, Emerson Gomes, João V. A. Oliveira Cécere, Bruno G. O. Da Silva, Aleksandro S. Departament of Animal Science Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) Chapecó Brazil Multicenter Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program UDESC Lages Brazil

Functional additives have been a common practice in dog nutrition, with a focus on animal health. The study's objective was to determine whether using probiotics (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis) and sodium butyrate alone or combined would improve canine health. We used ten non-castrated adults male Beagles separated into four groups were GA) control, GB) 300 mg probiotic/kg of feed, GC) 1000 mg of butyrate/kg of feed, and GD) 300 mg probiotic + 1000 mg butyrate/kg of feed. A crossover model was used, where all animals underwent all treatments;therefore, the experiment was divided into stages of 45 days each (40 days of adaptation and collection of blood samples, and between days 41 and 45, feces were collected to assess digestibility). It is essential to remember that there were 15 days between the stages. Animals from GD had the best apparent digestibility coefficient for dry matter with no effect on other digestibility coefficients. Treatment x day interaction was observed for erythrogram variables;erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit were lower in dogs from GB, GC, and GD than in GA. Animals from GB and GD had a higher concentration of total proteins due to higher levels of serum globulins. There was a treatment x day interaction for glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Serum total antioxidant capacity and total thiols were higher in dogs in the GC and GD groups than in the GA groups. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were also lower in these groups. These findings suggest that the additives improved canine health more when combined. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Additive Antioxidant Hematologic Probiotics

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Dehydrated natural feed for dogs: influence on digestibility, immunity, and antioxidant response

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Comparative Clinical Pathology 2025年第2期34卷 269-280页

作者： Cecere, Bruno G. O. Zatti, Emerson Bissacotti, Bianca F. Copetti, Priscila M. da Silveira, Marcylene V. Schetinger, Maria Rosa C. Klein, Bruna Suarez, Walter H. C. da Silva, Aleksandro S. Graduate Multicenter Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of the State of Santa Catarina (UDESC) Lages Brazil Graduate Program in Animal Science Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil Department of Animal Science UDESC Chapecó Brazil Department of Animal Nutrition Tectron Tecnologia e Inovação Toledo Brazil

With the intensification of domestication, companion animals have become precious members of family homes;therefore, there is a constant search for improving the quality of life and well-being of these animals, where nutrition is considered a factor of great relevance. Natural diets appear as an alternative to differentiated feeds for pets, and the dehydration of natural feeds favors their use, maintaining their quality and increasing their shelf life. The present study objective was to determine whether dehydrated natural feed can replace extruded dry feed while maintaining good digestibility without impairing its metabolism, inflammatory/immune responses, and antioxidant status. Ten male beagle dogs housed in an experimental kennel and fed individually were used. They were divided into two groups with five animals each, one group received natural dehydrated feed (DNF), and another consumed commercial dry feed (DCF), calculated from the determination of metabolizable energy (ME) requirements based on the animal’s metabolic weight (BW). The experiment lasted 45 days, with 40 days of adaptation and health assessment and days of feces collection from animals in metabolism cages. At the end of this first phase, after a 10-day interval, the experiment was repeated;however, in this phase, the animals from the DCF group were transferred to the DNF group so that all animals received both feeds. During the 40 days, the animals were weighed, and blood was collected. On the other 5 days, total feces were collected, and the feces score was calculated. The animals in the DNF group showed higher digestibility of digestible fiber and mineral matter and lower digestibility of ether extract and dry matter. The dogs from the DNF group had a higher volume of excreted feces, with higher humidity and a score of 3;for the DCF group, the score was 2. DNF dogs had lower blood leukocyte and granulocyte counts;however, there was a tendency toward increased lymphocytes on day 40. Dogs in the

关键词： Alternative feed Animal health Dry feed Immune response Inflammatory

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Addition of Protease Enzyme to Dog and Cat Feed and Its Influence on the Digestibility Coefficient, Immune Response, and Metabolic Biomarkers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第11期15卷 1043-1054页

作者： Bruno Giorgio de Oliveira Cécere Emanuela Cristina Zatti Anzigliero Angelo Schonorr Thiago Pereira Ribeiro Walter Hugo Cuelho Suarez Daniel Pigatto Monteiro Aleksandro S. Da Silva Multicenter Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Lages Brazil Department of Animal Science Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Chapec Brazil Department of Animal Nutrition TectronTecnologia e Inovao Toledo Paran Brazil

Promoting better protein digestibility through exogenous enzymes in the diet is essential in the nutrition of companion animals, mainly for better performance and maintenance of the animals’ physiological and metabolic systems, promoting health and adequate growth. In addition, it reduces the cost of the diet by possibly reducing protein in the diet, which is the main and most expensive ingredient for dogs and cats. The objective of this study was to verify whether the addition of protease to dog and cat food can improve the protein digestibility of the food, thus facilitating greater absorption of amino acids and influencing metabolic biomarkers and immune response. To this end, two experiments were carried out to evaluate the protease from the fermentation of Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis. Experiment 1 was carried out with ten male, non-castrated beagles divided into two groups of five animals: the control group (without enzyme) and the test group (with 250 g of protease/ton). The animals underwent two 45-day experimental periods, and in the second period, after a 15-day interval, the dogs in the control group became part of the treatment group (crossover model). Adding this enzyme to the dogs’ diet had no adverse effects on the animals’ health besides improving the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein consumed by the dogs. Experiment 2 was carried out with sixteen female cats of no defined breed, non-castrated, divided into four groups with four animals per group, namely: Treatment A (without enzyme), Treatment B (with protease at a dose of 100 g/ton), Treatment C (with protease at a dose of 200 g/ton) and Treatment D (with protease at a dose of 400 g/ton). The cats underwent two 30-day experimental periods, and in the second period, after a 15-day interval, the animals switched between treatments (crossover model) to increase the power of the statistical test. The enzyme consumption did not affect the felines’ metabolism and health but improve

关键词： Canines Diet Enzymes exogenous Felines Metabolism

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Dehydrated Natural Feed for Cats: Influence on Apparent Digestibility Coefficient, Feces Scores, and Serum Immune, Antioxidant, and Metabolic Biomarkers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 594-611页

作者： Bruno Giorgio de Oliveira Cécere Guilherme Luiz Deolindo Bianca F. Bissacotti Priscila Marquezin Copetti Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger Bruna Klein Matheus Delamea Baldissera Thiago Pereira Ribeiro Walter Hugo Cuelho Suarez Daniel Pigatto Monteiro Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva Graduate Multicenter Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of the State of Santa Catarina Lages Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) Chapec Brazil Department of Health Science Universidade Franciscana (UFN) Santa Maria Brazil Department of Animal Nutrition Tectron-Tecnologia e Inovao Toledo Brazil

The present study aimed to determine whether natural dehydrated feed (DNF) can replace dry extruded feed while preserving the required daily intake, nutrient digestibility and benefits for immunity and antioxidant response in cats. The animals were divided into two groups of seven animals each. One group received DNF, and the other consumed commercial extruded dry feed (DCF). The experiment lasted 45 days and we measured daily consumption and collected blood and feces samples. The animals in the DNF group showed greater digestibility of fiber and mineral matter than DCF. Cats in the DNF group had a higher volume of feces. DNF cats had lower leukocyte and granulocyte counts and cholesterol levels. Serum enzymatic antioxidant responses and non-enzymatic were higher in DNF cats. Cats in the DNF group showed lower serum acute phase proteins in addition to a tendency toward a higher concentration of transferrin than in the DCF group. Fecal Escherichia coli and total coliform counts of cats fed DNF were higher than DCF. We conclude that the daily consumption of cats is adequate. This feed had greater digestibility of fiber and mineral matter, in addition to an improvement in antioxidant and immunological responses.

关键词： Alternative Feed Antioxidant Companion Animals Health

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Anti-inflammatory natural products modulate interleukins and their related signaling markers in inflammatory bowel disease:A systematic review

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第12期13卷 1408-1428页

作者： Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi Thiruchenduran Mohana Kumaraswamy Athesh Varghese Edwin Hillary Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos Mariana Nobre Farias de Franca Monalisa Martins Montalvão Stanislaus Antony Ceasar Gnanasekaran Jothi Gurunagarajan Sridharan Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel Baojun Xu Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design Department of BiosciencesRajagiri College of Social Sciences(Autonomous)KalamaserryKochi683104KeralaIndia Department of Biochemistry Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital(MAHER)Maduravoyal600095ChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Biochemistry Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College(Autonomous)Affiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirapalli620005Tamil NaduIndia Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department of BiosciencesRajagiri College of Social Sciences(Autonomous)KalamaserryKochi683104KeralaIndia Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania Department of MorphologyFederal University of SergipeSao CristovaoSergipeBrazil Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences(PPGCS) Federal University of Sergipe(UFS)Campus Prof.Joao Cardoso NascimentoAracajuCEP 49060.108SergipeBrazil Programme of Food Science and Technology Department of Life SciencesBNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhaiGuangdong519087China

This review aims to identify in vivo studies investigating the potential of plant substances and their natural molecules in managing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Specifically,the objective is to examine the impact of these substances on interleukins and other key inflammatory signaling *** articles published up to December 2022 were identified through a search of the PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Embase *** search used keywords including“inflammatory bowel disease”,“medicinal plants”,“natural molecules”,“anti-inflammatory”,and“ulcerative colitis”,and identified 1,878 potentially relevant articles,of which 89 were included in this review after completion of the selection *** study provides preclinical data on natural products(NPs)that can potentially treat IBD,including ulcerative *** main actions of these NPs relate to their effects on nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κβ),the Janus kinase(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)signaling pathway,the regulation of T helper 17/regulatory T cells balance,and oxidative *** ability of these NPs to inhibit intestinal inflammation appears to be dependent on lowering levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-17,via the Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)1,NF-κβ-p65,and STAT3 *** addition,NPs were shown to reduce oxidative stress and the severity of ulcerative colitis,as well as increase the activity of antioxidant *** actions suggest that NPs represent a promising treatment for IBD,and potentially have greater efficacy and safety than current treatments.

关键词： Crohn's disease Inflammation Interleukins Oxidative stress Phytochemicals Ulcerative colitis

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Acute toxicity of trypsin inhibitor from tamarind seeds in embryo and adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Toxicology Reports 2024年 13卷 101766页

作者： dos Santos Melo, Yohanna Layssa Luchiari, Ana Carolina Lopes, Beatriz Silva Ferreira Rocha Silva, Maria Gabriela dos Santos Pais, Tatiana Procópio Gama Cortez, João Eduardo da Silva Camillo, Christina Bezerra de Moura, Sérgio Adriane da Silva-Maia, Juliana Kelly de Araújo Morais, Ana Heloneida Nutrition Postgraduate Program Health Sciences Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte RN Natal Brazil FishLab Physiology and Behavior Department Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte RN Natal Brazil Psychobiology Postgraduate Program Biosciences Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program Biosciences Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Nutrition Course Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte RN Natal Brazil Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Biology Biosciences Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil

The trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seeds (TTI) is being investigated for potential applications in the treatment of noncommunicable diseases (NCD), such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. This study aimed to assess TTI embryotoxicity and acute toxicity in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). TTI was extracted and isolated from tamarind seeds. Embryonic and adult zebrafish were exposed for 96 hours to three concentrations of TTI (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/L). Zebrafish embryos (n=60 per group) were evaluated for survival, hatching, malformations, and potential developmental marker alterations, in addition to cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity tests. For acute toxicity assessment in adults (n=20 per group), survival and locomotor and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed, along with genotoxicity (micronucleus) evaluation. Embryos exposed to TTI showed no significant adverse effects, presented normal heart rates and positive reflex response in the neurotoxicity tests. In adult fish, TTI did not cause mortality or significant behavioral changes, suggesting no neurotoxicity and no genotoxicity. Histopathological analyses of the whole body showed only changes in the liver and spinal cord, similar to those observed in the control group not exposed to TTI. These findings indicate TTI's biosafety and therapeutic potential in complex organisms. Further research is required to evaluate its long-term effects and efficacy in treating non-communicable diseases. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Cardiotoxicity Embryotoxicity Genotoxicity Neurotoxicity Preclinical model Tamarindus indica L.

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Toxicological screening of jambolan hydroalcoholic extract (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Toxicology Reports 2025年 14卷 101999页

作者： Lopes, Beatriz Silva dos Santos Melo, Yohanna Layssa de Sousa Teixeira, Júlia Robert dos Santos, Jéssica Anarellis Barbosa de Araújo Morais, Ana Heloneida dos Santos Lima, Marcos Luchiari, Ana Carolina da Silva-Maia, Juliana Kelly Nutrition Postgraduate Program Health Science Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Brazil FishLab Department of Physiology and Behavior Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Department of Nutrition Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program Biosciences Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Department of Food Technology Federal Institute of Sertão Pernambucano Petrolina Brazil

Jambolan (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) is an important source of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins, known for their biological properties. This study investigated the acute toxicity of jambolan hydroalcoholic extract (JE) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) at different life stages. JE, obtained from freeze-dried fruits, was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and found to be rich in total phenolic compounds (TPC). A total of 15 phenolic compounds were identified in the HPLC extracts, mainly anthocyanins (≈ 82 % of TPC), and JE presented relevant antioxidant properties in in vitro tests. Exposure to concentrations between 50 and 200 µg/ml resulted in increased malformations and mortality in both embryos and adult zebrafish, and doses of 300 and 400 µg/ml were lethal to the animals. Lethal concentrations (LC50) were estimated at 118.4 µg/ml for embryos and 68.86 µg/ml for adults. Despite no significant cardiovascular or neurological toxicities, behavioral impacts were observed at lower concentrations (10 µg/ml), indicating a nonmonotonic concentration-response curve. Our findings suggest that moderate JE doses (around 25 µg/ml) are safe for zebrafish;however, further studies are needed to ensure its safety and efficacy under different health conditions and exposure regimes. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Anthocyanins Biosafety BrachyDanio rerio Myrtaceae Toxicity development

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Brazilian mangrove sediments as a source of biosurfactant-producing yeast Pichia pseudolambica for bioremediation

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Chemosphere 2024年 365卷 143285页

作者： Macedo Silva, Júlio Ricardo Petra de Oliveira Barros, Vitória Terceiro, Pâmela Santos Nunes de Oliveira, Ítalo Francisco da Silva Moura, Orlando Duarte de Freitas, Johnnatan Crispim, Alessandre Carmo Maciel Melo, Vânia Maria Thompson, Fabiano Lopes Maraschin, Marcelo Landell, Melissa Fontes Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology – Federal University of Alagoas AL Maceió Brazil Federal University of Alagoas Institute of Biological and Health Sciences AL Maceió Brazil Federal University of Alagoas Institute of Physics AL Maceió Brazil Federal Institute of Alagoas AL Maceió Brazil Federal University of Alagoas Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis and Research Center AL Maceió Brazil CE Fortaleza Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Institute of Biology RJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory SC Florianópolis Brazil

This work highlights the biosurfactant production potential of yeasts from mangroves in northeastern Brazil. The biosurfactants were evaluated by their emulsifying capacity (EI24), with 6 isolates showing values between 50% and 62%. Surfactant properties from crude extract were measured using drop collapse, oil displacement, Parafilm® M, surface tension and critical micellar concentration tests. The effects of temperature, salinity, pH, and the ability to emulsify different hydrocarbons were analyzed, showing a promising potential of the yeast species investigated to tolerance to high temperatures and acidic pH, in addition to emulsifying different sources of hydrocarbons with environmental impact. It is important to note that the Pichia pseudolambica isolates showed a remarkable ability to reduce the surface tension of water, from 70.82 mN/m to 36.47 mN/m. In addition, the critical micellar concentration (CMC) values ranged from 7 to 16 mg/mL, highlighting the promising surfactant activity of these isolates for future applications. It was identified that the biosurfactant adhered to the yeast cell wall, and FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy analysis was carried out on the yeast biomass and its post-sonication supernatant. The results indicate the presence of characteristic functional groups and peaks found in biosurfactants of a glycolipid nature. Taking together the results reveals the promising potential of biosurfactant biosynthesis of P. pseudolambica yeast, a trait not reported in the literature so far for this species. P. pseudolambica presents a relevant metabolic potential for alternative substrate use and resilience to adverse conditions that could enable it to produce biosurfactants for the biotechnological remediation of areas contaminated by oil derivatives. The metabolic properties herein investigated, together with their presence in Brazilian mangroves, make P. pseudolambica an emerging candidate for developing industrial processes and sustainable strategi

关键词： Bioremediation

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In Silico Evaluation of H1n1 and Sars-Cov-2 Receptor Interaction with Transferrin: A Peptide Isolated from Lonomia Obliqua Hemolymph

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Muniz Seif, Elias Jorge Mendonça, Ronaldo Zucatelli Silva Júnior, Pedro Ismael Postgraduate Program of Molecular Biology Biophysics and Biochemistry Department Federal University of São Paulo SP São PauloCEP 04021-001 Brazil Laboratory for Applied Toxinology Center of Toxins Immune-Response and Cell Signaling CeT-ICS CEPID Butantan Institute São Paulo SP São PauloCEP 05503-900 Brazil Laboratory of Parasitology Butantan Institute São Paulo SP São PauloCEP 05503-900 Brazil Postgraduate Program Interunits in Biotechnology USP IPT IBU SP São Paulo Brazil

In the last fifteen years, the world has experienced two pandemics: the H1N1 and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which resulted in the deaths of 0.2 and 15 million people, respectively. This way, the study of molecules capable of mitigating or inhibiting the development of these and other viruses is of great importance. Transferrin is a peptide isolated from the hemolymph of Lonomia obliqua that is capable of inhibiting the development of poliomyelitis, measles and influenza viruses in in vitro assay. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the viral receptors associated with the activity of the peptide against the H1N1 virus and to predict the targets for its activity against SARS-CoV-2. First, the structure of the viral receptors was obtained from the PDB server. Next, molecular docking was performed. Finally, the targets with the best scores were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations. The docking results four possible targets: 3TI3 and 6E6W, derived from H1N1, and 7DAV and 8GIA, derived from SARS-CoV-2. However, the peptide interacted with the active sites of the 8GIA (Glu80) and 3TI3 (Arg292) receptors, but not with those of other receptors. The MD results showed greater stability between the Transferrin-8GIA and Transferrin-3TI3 complexes throughout the simulation, with ΔGtotal of -12 and -17 kcal/mol, respectively. Finally, this study suggests that Transferrin has the ability to interact with the 3TI3 and 8GIA receptors, which is associated with its anti-H1N1 activity and shows potential as a molecule with anti-SARS-CoV-2 action. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： molecular docking

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Field study of metal concentrations and biomarker responses in resident oysters of an estuarine system in southern Brazil

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期337卷 139288页

作者： Vilke, Juliano M. Moser, Juliana R. Ferreira, Clarissa P. Bebianno, Maria J. Zacchi, Flávia L. Bastolla, Camila L.V. Rosa, Carlos A.V.L. Corrêa, Jacyara N. Jorge, Marianna B. Bainy, Afonso C.D. Lüchmann, Karim H. Multicenter Program in Postgraduate in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - PMBqBM Santa Catarina State University Lages88520-000 Brazil Centre for Marine and Environmental Research - CIMA University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas Faro8000-139 Portugal Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis88034-257 Brazil Fishery Engineering and Biological Sciences Department Santa Catarina State University Laguna88790-000 Brazil Laboratory of Ecotoxicology - LABECOTOX Federal University of Maranhão São Luís65080-805 Brazil Department of Scientific and Technological Education Santa Catarina State University Florianópolis88035-001 Brazil

Pollutant exposure is considered an important factor responsible for the decline in marine biodiversity of Latin American coastal ecosystems. This threat has been detected in an estuarine system in southern Brazil, which prompted an investigation into the long-term biological effects of a chronic metal contamination on resident oysters from the Laguna Estuarine System (LES). Here, we present the species- and size-specific variations of biomarker responses (catalase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase, and protein carbonylation) in the gills and digestive gland of Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea gasar. In parallel, concentrations of eight metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) in soft tissues were measured. Our analyses revealed that the metal levels exhibited decreasing order in both species: Zn > Fe > Al > Cu > Mn > Cd. Except for Cu and Al, metal concentrations did not differ between oyster species. Biomarker results highlighted that C. gasar presented higher antioxidant responses, whereas C. gigas showed increased biotransformation upon exposure to LES pollutants, which varied according to the tissue. However, C. gasar showed a significant higher content of protein carbonylation but was not related to metals. In our research approach, the observation of metals presence and biomarkers-related responses are considered biologically relevant from an ecotoxicological perspective and serve as a baseline for future pollution studies in estuaries of Latin America. Finally, we recommend adopting a suite of biomarkers in both C. gasar and C. gigas, regardless their size and weight, as sentinel organisms in future regional biomonitoring studies in southern Brazil. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biomarkers

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