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IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing Workshops and Phd Forum (IPDPSW)

作者： Daniel S. Katz David Hart Chris Jordan Amit Majumdar J.P. Navarro Warren Smith John Towns Von Welch Nancy Wilkins-Diehr Computational Institute University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory Chicago USA Computational & Information Systems Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder USA Texas Advanced Computing Center University of Texas Austin Austin USA San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California San Diego San Diego USA National Center of Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois Urbana USA Indiana University Bloomington IN USA

This paper is intended to explain how the Tera Grid would like to be able to measure "usage modalities." We would like to (and are beginning to) measure these modalities to understand what objectives our users are pursuing, how they go about achieving them, and why, so that we can make changes in the Tera Grid to better support them.

关键词： Resource management Education USA Councils Instruments Logic gates Couplings

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Towards a modeling of video grammar based on a priori knowledge for the optimization of the audiovisual documents structuring

Towards a modeling of video grammar based on a priori knowle...

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International Conference on Computer Technology and Development (ICCTD)

作者： Tarek Zlitni Walid Mahdi Hanene Ben-Abdallah Multimedia Information Systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory Sfax MIR CI Tunisia

The emergence of the TV channels number and the appearance of the Internet led to an exponential growth of the audiovisual documents. Several works were proposed in the literature for automatic video segmentation. However, the effectiveness of these works depends on video type. So, for a better quality of the segmentation, it is necessary to consider a priori knowledge concerning video types. Besides, TV channels use a set of rules during the production and the streaming of their programs such as the respect of the graphic charter, the recurring of studios... The exploitation of these rules, as a priori knowledge for the temporal and/or semantic structuring of the video documents, would be then advantageous for the quality of the indexing and the performance of the multimedia systems. In this context, we propose a method for the extraction and the formalization of descriptors based on a priori knowledge in order to conceive a video grammar model. This model will be used thereafter for a multitude of interesting applications like automatic structuring of TV streams or TV news segmentation. Video grammar; video grammar modeling; multimedia descriptors; video indexing.

关键词： Biological system modeling Nonvolatile memory Random access memory multimedia communication Ferroelectric films TV

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Multi-objective virtual machine placement in virtualized data center environments

Multi-objective virtual machine placement in virtualized dat...

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2010 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Green computing and Communications, GreenCom 2010, 2010 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social computing, CPSCom 2010

作者： Xu, Jing Fortes, José A. B. Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida PO Box 116200 Gainesville FL 32611-6200 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543314

Server consolidation using virtualization technology has become increasingly important for improving data center efficiency. It enables one physical server to host multiple independent virtual machines (VMs), and the transparent movement of workloads from one server to another. Fine-grained virtual machine resource allocation and reallocation are possible in order to meet the performance targets of applications running on virtual machines. On the other hand, these capabilities create demands on system management, especially for large-scale data centers. In this paper, a two-level control system is proposed to manage the mappings of workloads to VMs and VMs to physical resources. The focus is on the VM placement problem which is posed as a multi-objective optimization problem of simultaneously minimizing total resource wastage, power consumption and thermal dissipation costs. An improved genetic algorithm with fuzzy multi-objective evaluation is proposed for efficiently searching the large solution space and conveniently combining possibly conflicting objectives. A simulation-based evaluation using power-consumption and thermal-dissipation models (learned from profiling of a BladeCenter), demonstrates the good performance, scalability and robustness of our proposed approach when compared with four well-known bin-packing algorithms and two single-objective approaches. Our approach can seek and find solutions that exhibit good balance among the conflicting objectives while others cannot. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Virtual machine

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Addressing the P2P Bootstrap Problem for Small Overlay Networks

Addressing the P2P Bootstrap Problem for Small Overlay Netwo...

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International Conference on Peer-to-Peer computing

作者： D. I. Wolinsky P. St. Juste P. O. Boykin R. Figueiredo Advanced Computing Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida USA

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlays provide a framework for building distributed applications consisting of few to many resources with features including self-configuration, scalability, and resilience to node failures. Such systems have been successfully adopted in large-scale Internet services for content delivery networks, file sharing, and data storage. In small-scale systems, they can be useful to address privacy concerns as well as support for network applications that lack dedicated servers. The bootstrap problem, finding an existing peer in the overlay, remains a challenge to enabling these services for small-scale P2P systems. In large networks, the solution to the bootstrap problem has been the use of dedicated services, though creating and maintaining these systems requires expertise and resources, which constrain their usefulness and make them unappealing for small-scale systems. This paper surveys and summarizes requirements that allow peers potentially constrained by network connectivity to bootstrap small-scale overlays through the use of existing public overlays. In order to support bootstrapping, a public overlay must support the following requirements: a method for reflection in order to obtain publicly reachable addresses, so peers behind network address translators and firewalls can receive incoming connection requests; communication relaying to share public addresses and communicate when direct communication is not feasible; and rendezvous for discovering remote peers, when the overlay lacks stable membership. After presenting a survey of various public overlays, we identify two overlays that match the requirements: XMPP overlays, such as Google Talk and Live Journal Talk, and Brunet, a structured overlay based upon Symphony. We present qualitative experiences with prototypes that demonstrate the ability to bootstrap small-scale private structured overlays from public Brunet or XMPP infrastructures.

关键词： Peer to peer computing IP networks Servers Virtual private networks Internet Book reviews IEEE Communications Society

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Deetoo: Scalable unstructured search built on a structured overlay

Deetoo: Scalable unstructured search built on a structured o...

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IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing Workshops and Phd Forum (IPDPSW)

作者： Tae Woong Choi P. Oscar Boykin Advanced Computing Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465330

We present Deetoo, an algorithm to perform completely general queries, for instance high-dimensional proximity queries or regular expression matching, on a P2P network. Deetoo is an efficient unstructured query system on top of existing structured P2P ring topologies. Deetoo provides a reusable search tool to work alongside a DHT, thus, it provides new capabilities while reusing existing P2P models and software. Since our algorithm is for unstructured search, there is no structural relationship between the queries and the network topology and hence no need to provide a mapping of queries onto a fixed DHT structure. Deetoo is optimal in terms of the trade-off in querying and caching cost. For networks of size N, O(¿N) cost for both caching and querying is required to achieve a constant (in N) search success probability. Queries execute a time of O(log 2 N).

关键词： Peer to peer computing Data structures Network topology Broadcasting Cost function Computer networks High performance computing information systems Software reusability Software tools

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Integration of global and local information in videos for key frame extraction 11

Integration of global and local information in videos for ke...

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11th IEEE International Conference on information Reuse and Integration, IRI 2010

作者： Liu, Dianting Shyu, Mei-Ling Chen, Chao Chen, Shu-Ching Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL 33124 United States Distributed Multimedia Information Systems Laboratory School of Computing and Information Sciences Florida International University Miami FL 33199 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424480975

Key frame extraction methods aim to obtain a set of frames that can efficiently represent and summarize video contents and be reused in many video retrieval-related applications. An effective set of key frames, viewed as a high-quality summary of the video, should include the major objects and events of the video, and contain little redundancy and overlapped content. In this paper, a new key frame extraction method is presented, which not only is based on the traditional idea of clustering in the feature extraction phase but also effectively reduces redundant frames using the integration of local and global information in videos. Experimental results on the TRECVid 2007 test video dataset have demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed key frame extraction method in terms of the compression rate and retrieval precision. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Integration

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Multicast grooming algorithm in waveband switching optical networks

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2010年第19期28卷 2856-2864页

作者： Guo, Lei Wang, Xingwei Cao, Jiannong Hou, Weigang Pang, Lan College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Peking University Beijing 100871 China

In optical Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing (WDM) networks, multicast becomes more and more popular to provide high-speed communication between one point and multiple points. At the same time, the ports of Optical Cross-Connect (OXC) are greatly enhanced with the increasing number of wavelengths in fibers, and then the waveband switching technique is proposed to save the ports and reduce the cost of OXC. However, current waveband grooming algorithms are all limited in unicast. To achieve the multicast communication and meanwhile save the ports of OXC, we need to solve the multicast grooming, routing and wavelength/waveband assignment problem which is the HP-hard. In this paper, we propose a heuristic algorithm named Integrated Multicast Waveband Grooming (IMWG) based on Multicast Layered Auxiliary Graph (MLAG) that includes a Virtual Topology Layer (VTL) and multiple Waveband-Plane Layers (WPLs) to support the single-hop, multi-hop and hybrid multicast waveband grooming. For each demand, IMWG first computes a single-hop or multi-hop grooming waveband-tree on VTL. If the grooming waveband-tree cannot be found on VTL, IMWG computes a new waveband-tree on WPL. If the new waveband-tree cannot be found on WPL, IMWG computes a hybrid grooming waveband-tree on MLAG. Simulation results show that, compared with other algorithms, IMWG is able to obtain better performances. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Multicasting

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A simulation framework for the analysis of TLB behavior in virtualized environments

A simulation framework for the analysis of TLB behavior in v...

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18th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication systems, MASCOTS 2010

作者： Venkatasubramanian, Girish Figueiredo, Renato J. Illikkal, Ramesh Newell, Donald Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Intel Corporation 2111 N.E. 25th Avenue Hillsboro OR United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541976

Due to the rising importance of virtualization, extensive efforts have gone into determining and improving the performance of workloads on virtualized platforms. This has resulted in a series of modifications to the leading architecture used in virtualized systems (x86) by adding hardware support for virtualization, the latest of which is the addition of tags and tag comparators to the x86 TLB. In this context, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the TLB behavior of virtualized workloads and understand the change in this behavior with TLB related architectural parameters. One way of obtaining this understanding is by conducting a simulation-based study of the interaction of various micro-architectural parameters and their effect on the TLB behavior. However, the lack of suitable simulation frameworks makes such a study daunting. In this paper, we present a full-system simulation framework which is suitable for conducting such studies. We first motivate the need for TLB modeling in virtualized systems. Then, we present the framework, develop and validate a timing model for the TLB and evaluate the simulation speed when this model is used. Using the timing model, the influence of the TLB on workload performance is examined for a variety of single and multi-domain workloads and compared with equivalent non-virtualized workloads. It is found that the performance of virtualized workloads, in terms of instructions per cycle (IPC), can vary by 1% to 35% due to the TLB and that this IPC variation can be as much as 9 times the variation in nonvirtualized workloads. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Virtualization

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Towards Collaborative Research and Education in Computer Architecture with the Archer System

Towards Collaborative Research and Education in Computer Arc...

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International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication systems (MASCOTS)

作者： Girish Venkatasubramanian David Isaac Wolinsky Renato J. Figueiredo Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

Archer is a simulation environment and computing resource for research in the field of computer architecture. Archer facilitates the creation of an on-demand computing grid, the deployment of simulation tools on this grid and the batch scheduling of large-scale simulation jobs on this grid. These features enable the use of Archer for simulation-based research as well as dissemination of tools and results among multiple research groups. This paper overviews and reports our experience in the use of Archer for collaborative research and for education.

关键词： Computational modeling Computer architecture Collaboration Software Computers Tutorials Education

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Self-Caring IT systems: A Proof-of-Concept Implementation in Virtualized Environments

Self-Caring IT Systems: A Proof-of-Concept Implementation in...

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IEEE International Conference on Cloud computing Technology and Science (CloudCom)

作者： Selvi Kadirvel Jose A.B. Fortes Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

In self-caring IT systems, faults are handled proactively, e.g. by slowing down the deterioration of system health thereby effectively avoiding or delaying system failures. This requires health management which entails health monitoring, diagnosis, prognosis, planning of recovery and remediation actions. A brief overview of our prior work, which proposes a general methodology to capture system properties and incorporate health management using Petri nets, is provided. We describe in detail an application of the proposed formal method to the design and development of middleware that can manage the health of a batch-based, job submission system on a virtualized platform. First, we describe how a real world job submission IT system is converted to a Petri net model. Secondly, we show system validation and analysis using this model to understand resource needs of different activities in the IT chain. Thirdly, we describe how the executable model is used as a system manager to control operation and health management of a virtualized test bed. Fourthly, we illustrate the use of a feedback controller to manage health deterioration due to resource depletion in the job-execution stage of the modeled IT chain. Using a proof-of-concept implementation, we show that the early detection and handling of health deteriorations results in significant benefits in terms of cost savings and down time reduction. Experimental results show that our health management framework can be used to effectively prevent job failures, while imposing low overhead to the managed system. We have shown that for a typical workload consisting of jobs that suffer from potential resource depletion faults, our feedback controller can be used to gain useful life that is needed for critical planning and remediation actions in up to 82% of the jobs.

关键词： Petri nets Analytical models Planning Adaptive control Availability Delay Virtual machining

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