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Grid computing Environments Workshop, GCE

作者： Pierre St Juste David Wolinsky Jiangyan Xu Michael Covington Renato Figueiredo Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Corporate Technology Group Intel Corporation Hillsboro OR USA

Social networking sites have enhanced the Web by providing online "communities" where users can easily create identities, establish relationships between identities, and share resources with one another across the Web. The availability of social networking APIs, such as OpenSocial or the Facebook platform, make it possible for third-party developers to tap into these social relationships and design socially-aware applications. In this paper, we describe how social networking groups can be used to help create virtual private computing clusters that consist of nodes spanning different administrative domains and organizations. To demonstrate the feasibility and usage of our approach, we developed a fully functional prototype implementation and present the quantitative results of our virtual private network. Our design integrates virtual machines, peer-to-peer virtual private networks, and the Facebook platform API, to enable a user community in which we can easily deploy ad-hoc Condor resource pools that are managed through the Web-based Facebook group interface.

关键词： Social network services Facebook Virtual private networks Peer to peer computing Workstations Home appliances IP networks

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Automatic hybrid approach for lip POI localization: Application for Lip-reading System

Automatic hybrid approach for lip POI localization: Applicat...

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1st International Conference on information and Communication Technology and Accessibility, ICTA 2007

作者： Werda, Salah Mahdi, Walid Hamadou, Abdelmajid Ben MIRACL: Multimedia Information Systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia Sfax Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9789973879141

Automatic Lip-reading system is one of the different assistive technologies for hearing impaired or elderly people. We can imagine, for example, a dependent person ordering a machine with an easy lip movement or by a simple visemes (visual phoneme) pronunciation. The need for an automatic lip-reading system is ever increasing. The lip-reading system is decomposed in three subsystems, first we have the lip localization system, which localizes the lips in the digital input, then there is the feature extracting system, and finally we have the classification system, which maps feature vectors to visemes. The major difficulty of the lip-reading system is the extraction of the visual speech descriptors. In fact, to ensure this task it is necessary to carry out an automatic localization and tracking of the labial gestures. We present in this paper a new automatic approach for lip POI localization on a speaker's face based on the color information of mouth and a geometrical model of lips. This hybrid solution makes our method more tolerant to noise and artefacts in the image. The algorithm works in natural condition and experiments revealed that our lip POI localization approach for lip-reading purpose is possible using the proposed approach.

关键词： Audition

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Automatic lip localization and feature extraction for lip-reading

Automatic lip localization and feature extraction for lip-re...

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2nd International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications, VISAPP 2007

作者： Werda, Salah Mahdi, Walid Hamadou, Abdelmajid Ben MIRACL : Multimedia Information systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia Sfax Tunisia

In recent year, lip-reading systems have received a great attention, since it plays an important role in human communication with computer especially for hearing impaired or elderly people. The need for an automatic lip-reading system is ever increasing. Today, extraction and reliable analysis of facial movements make up an important part in many multimedia systems such as videoconference, low communication systems, lip- reading systems. We can imagine, for example, a dependent person ordering a machine with an easy lip movement or by a simple syllable pronunciation. We present in this paper a new approach for lip localization and feature extraction in a speaker's face. The extracted visual information is then classified in order to recognize the uttered viseme (visual phoneme). To check our system performance we have developed our Automatic Lip Feature Extraction prototype (ALiFE). Experiments revealed that our system recognizes 70.95 % of French digits uttered under natural conditions.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Ringing artifact removal in digital restored images using multi-resolution edge map

International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Processing...

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International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Processing and Pattern Recognition 2008年第4期2卷 95-106页

作者： Kim, Sangjin Jun, Sinyoung Lee, Eunsung Shin, Jeongho Paik, Joonki Image Processing and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Graduate School of Advanced Imaging Science Multimedia and Film Chung-Ang University 221 Heuksuk-Dong Dongjak-Ku Seoul 156-756 Korea Republic of Department of Web Information Engineering Hankyong National University 67 Seokjeong-Dong Anseong Kyonggi-Do 456-749 Korea People's Democratic Rep

This paper presents a novel approach to reducing ringing artifact in digitally restored images by using multi-resolution edge map. The performance of reducing ringing artifacts depends on the accurate classification of the local features in the image. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) provides effective insight into both spatial and frequency characteristics of an image. Through the DWT analysis, we show that ringing artifacts can be suppressed to a great extent by using multiple-level edge maps, which provide enhanced matching to local edges. Base on the experimental results, the proposed method can reduce ringing artifacts with minimized edge degradation by using DWT analysis.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms

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WOW: Self-organizing wide area overlay networks of virtual workstations

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Journal of Grid computing 2007年第2期5卷 151-172页

作者： Ganguly, A. Agrawal, A. Boykin, P.O. Figueiredo, Renato J. Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida Gainesville FL 32601 United States

This paper describes WOW, a distributed system that combines virtual machine, overlay networking and peer-to-peer techniques to create scalable wide-area networks of virtual workstations for high-throughput computing. The system is architected to: facilitate the addition of nodes to a pool of resources through the use of system virtual machines (VMs) and self-organizing virtual network links;to maintain IP connectivity even if VMs migrate across network domains;and to present to end-users and applications an environment that is functionally identical to a local-area network or cluster of workstations. We describe IPOP, a network virtualization technique that builds upon a novel, extensible user-level decentralized technique to discover, establish and maintain overlay links to tunnel IP packets over different transports (including UDP and TCP) and across firewalls. We evaluate latency and bandwidth overheads of IPOP and also time taken for a new node to become fully-routable over the virtual network. We also report on several experiments conducted on a testbed WOW deployment with 118 P2P router nodes over PlanetLab and 33 VMware-based VM nodes distributed across six firewalled domains. Experiments show that the testbed delivers good performance for two unmodified, representative benchmarks drawn from the life-sciences domain. We also demonstrate that the system is capable of seamlessly maintaining connectivity at the virtual IP layer for typical client/server applications (NFS, SSH, PBS) when VMs migrate across a WAN. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2007.

关键词： Wide area networks

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I/O processing in a virtualized platform: A simulation-driven approach 07

I/O processing in a virtualized platform: A simulation-drive...

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VEE'07: 3rd International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments

作者： Chadha, Vineet Illiikkal, Ramesh Iyer, Ravi Moses, Jaideep Newell, Donald Figueiredo, Renato J. Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida Intel Corporation Hillsboro OR

ISBN: (纸本)1595936300

Virtualization provides levels of execution isolation and service partition that are desirable in many usage scenarios, but its associated overheads are a major impediment for wide deployment of virtualized environments. While the virtualization cost depends heavily on workloads, it has been demonstrated that the overhead is much higher with I/O intensive workloads compared to those which are compute-intensive. Unfortunately, the architectural reasons behind the I/O performance overheads are not well understood. Early research in characterizing these penalties has shown that cache misses and TLB related overheads contribute to most of I/O virtualization cost. While most of these evaluations are done using measurements, in this paper we present an execution-driven simulation based analysis methodology with symbol annotation as a means of evaluating the performance of virtualized workloads. This methodology provides detailed information at the architectural level (with a focus on cache and TLB) and allows designers to evaluate potential hardware enhancements to reduce virtualization overhead. We apply this methodology to study the network I/O performance of Xen (as a case study) in a full system simulation environment, using detailed cache and TLB models to profile and characterize software and hardware hotspots. By applying symbol annotation to the instruction flow reported by the execution driven simulator we derive function level call flow information. We follow the anatomy of I/O processing in a virtualized platform for network transmit and receive scenarios and demonstrate the impact of cache scaling and TLB size scaling on performance. Copyright © 2007 ACM.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Decentralized dynamic host configuration in wide-area overlays of virtual workstations

Decentralized dynamic host configuration in wide-area overla...

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21st International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2007

作者： Ganguly, Arijit Wolinsky, David Boykin, P. Oscar Figueiredo, Renato Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424409101

Wide-Area Overlays of Virtual Workstations (WOWs) have been shown to provide excellent infrastructure for deploying high throughput computing environments on commodity desktop machines by (I) offering scalability to a large number of nodes, (2) facilitating addition of new nodes even if they are behind NATs/Firewalls and (3) supporting unmodified applications and middleware. However, deployment of WOWs from scratch still requires setting up a bootstrapping network and managing centralized DHCP servers for IP address management. In this paper we describe novel techniques that allow multiple users to create independent, isolated virtual IP namespaces for their WOWs without requiring a dedicated bootstrapping infrastructure, and to provision dynamic host configuration (e.g. IP addresses) to unmodified DHCP clients without requiring the setup and management of a central DHCP server. We give qualitative and quantitative arguments to establish the feasibility of our approach, © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Colour and Geometric based Model for Lip Localisation: Application for Lip-reading System

Colour and Geometric based Model for Lip Localisation: Appli...

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International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing

作者： Salah Werda Walid Mahdi Abdelmajid Ben Hamadou MIRACL: Multimedia Information systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia Sfax Tunisia Multimedia Information systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia Sfax Tunisia

Motivated by humans' ability to lipread, the visual component is considered to yield information in the speech recognition system. The lip-reading is the perception of the speech purely based on observing the talker lip movements. The major difficulty of the lip- reading system is the extraction of the visual speech descriptors. In fact, to ensure this task it is necessary to carry out an automatic localization and tracking of the labial gestures. We present in this paper a new automatic approach for lip and point of interest localization on a speaker's face based both on the color information of mouth and a geometric model of lips. This hybrid solution makes our method more tolerant to noise and artifacts in the image. Experiments revealed that our lip POI localization approach for lip-reading purpose is promising. The presented results show that our system recognizes 94.64 % of French visemes.

关键词： Solid modeling Speech recognition Mouth Lips Data mining Humans Image segmentation Image edge detection multimedia systems multimedia computing

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A metadata-based architectural model for dynamically resilient systems

Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing

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Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied computing 2007年 566-572页

作者： Di Marzo Serugendo, Giovanna Fitzgerald, John Romanovsky, Alexander Guelfi, Nicolas School of Computer Science and Information Systems Birkbeck College London United Kingdom School of Computing Science University of Newcastle NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom Laboratory for Advanced Software Systems University of Luxembourg Luxembourg Luxembourg

ISBN: (纸本)1595934804;9781595934802

Designing open and distributed systems that can dynamically adapt in a predictable way to unexpected events is a challenging issue still not solved. Achieving this objective is a very complex task since it implies reasoning at run-time, explicitly and in a combined way, on a system's functional and non-functional characteristics. This paper proposes a service-oriented architectural model allowing the dynamic enforcement of formally expressed metadata-based resilience policies. It also describes preliminary dynamic resilience experiments acting as proof of concept. Copyright 2007 ACM.

关键词： Metadata

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Towards Byzantine Fault Tolerance in Many-Core computing Platforms

Towards Byzantine Fault Tolerance in Many-Core Computing Pla...

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Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable computing

作者： Casey M. Jeffery Renato J. O. Figueiredo Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

This paper presents a flexible technique that can be applied to many-core architectures to exploit idle resources and ensure reliable system operation. A dynamic fault tolerance layer is interposed between the hardware and OS through the use of a hypervisor. The introduction of a single point of failure is avoided by incorporating the hypervisor into the sphere of replication. This approach simplifies implementation over specialized hardware- or OS-based techniques while offering flexibility in the level of protection provided ranging from duplex to Byzantine protection. The feasibility of the approach is considered for both near- and long-term computing platforms.

关键词： Fault tolerance Hardware Virtual machine monitors Computer architecture Protection Frequency Network-on-a-chip Fault tolerant systems information systems Laboratories

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