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Verify All Traffic: Towards Zero-Trust In-Network Intrusion Detection against Multipath Routing

IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第6期43卷 2155-2171页

作者： Zhao, Ziming Li, Zhaoxuan Xie, Xiaofei Liu, Zhipeng Li, Tingting Yu, Jiongchi Zhang, Fan Chen, Binbin School of Software Technology Zhejiang University Ningbo315100 China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center 311200 China Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Cyberspace Governance of Zhejiang Province 310027 China Jiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang University 314000 China Zhengzhou Xinda Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou450001 China Singapore State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093 China School of Cyber Security UCAS Beijing100049 China School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore188065 Singapore Advanced Digital Sciences Center Singapore138632 Singapore Singapore University of Technology and Design SingaporeB96049 Singapore

With the popularity of encryption protocols, machine learning (ML)-based traffic analysis technologies have attracted widespread attention. To adapt to modern high-speed bandwidth, recent research is dedicated to advancing zero-trust intrusion detection by offloading feature extraction and model inference into the network dataplane. Especially, with the rise of programmable switches, achieving line-speed ML inference becomes promising. However, existing research only considers a single switch node as a relay to conduct evaluation. This is far from real-world deployments involving multiple switches (given that zero-trust security assumes that threats can originate from anywhere, including within the network), particularly the multi-path routing phenomenon that exists in practice. In this paper, we reveal practical challenges in the context of enabling line-speed model inference in the network dataplane. Furthermore, we propose FCPlane, the forwarding and computing integrated dataplane for zero-trust intrusion detection that aims to enable efficient load balancing while providing reliable traffic analysis results, even against multipath routing. The core idea is to reconcile forwarding and computation to the flowlet level, for which a tailor-made Markov chain model is designed. Based on two public traffic datasets, we evaluate seven state-of-the-art in-network traffic analysis models deployed in four types of topologies (three with multipath routing and one without) to explore performance impact and demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Network intrusion

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Image-Based Visual Servoing under Field of View Constraints for Robot Manipulators 12

Image-Based Visual Servoing under Field of View Constraints ...

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12th International Conference on CYBER Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent systems, CYBER 2022

作者： Zuo, Guoyu Liu, Yan Huang, Gao Gong, Daoxiong Faculty of Information Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Computing Intelligence and Intelligent Systems Beijing100124 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems Beijing100081 China

ISBN: (数字)9781665472678

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472678

The challenge in image-based visual servoing is to deal with the visibility constraints, which require the image features to always remain in the field of view (FOV) of the camera. In this paper, a novel constraint function is proposed to address this problem. The FOV constraint function represented by the coordinates of the features and the region boundaries defined in the image is added to the classical proportional controller, which leads the image features from the margin to the center of the image. Simulation results verify the efficiency of the modified controller by controlling a robot manipulator with eye-in-hand configuration. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Robot applications

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Bridging the Gap using Contrastive Learning and Semantic Consistency for Unsupervised Neural Machine Translation

Bridging the Gap using Contrastive Learning and Semantic Con...

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Artificial Intelligence and Computer Engineering (ICAICE), International Conference on

作者： Chuancai Zhang Dan Qu Liming Du Kaiyuan Yang School of Information Systems Engineering University of Information Engineering Zhengzhou China Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering Zhengzhou China School of Cyberspace Security Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798331528911

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528928

In Unsupervised Neural Machine Translation (UNMT) tasks, the lack of extensive parallel corpora makes it challenging for the model to directly optimize the correspondence between the source and target languages. UNMT models primarily rely on learning from monolingual data, making it difficult to fully capture cross-linguistic semantic alignment and consistency during training. Therefore, effectively enhancing semantic alignment between the source and target languages under unsupervised conditions has become a key challenge in the field of UNMT. To address this issue, this study proposes a semantic alignment and consistency enhancement mechanism based on contrastive learning, aiming to improve the model's ability to capture cross-lingual semantic differences by constructing an optimization objective focused on semantic consistency. The method utilizes a pretrained cross-lingual model to generate semantic embeddings for both the source and target languages, then designs a contrastive learning-based loss function that minimizes the semantic distance between correct translations and source sentences while increasing the semantic distance between incorrect translations and source sentences, thereby enhancing the model's performance in semantic consistency. The experiments validate the effectiveness and broad applicability of the semantic consistency optimization method based on contrastive learning, demonstrating great potential and advantages, especially in multilingual tasks of UNMT. The model achieved significant improvements in BLEU scores across various language pairs.

关键词： Training Translation Computational modeling Semantics Optimization methods Neural machine translation Contrastive learning Data models Multilingual Artificial intelligence

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NewsBench: A Systematic Evaluation Framework for Assessing Editorial Capabilities of Large Language Models in Chinese Journalism

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Miao Chen, Ming-Bin Tang, Bo Hou, Shengbin Wang, Pengyu Deng, Haiying Li, Zhiyu Xiong, Feiyu Mao, Keming Cheng, Peng Luo, Yi School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia Institute for Advanced Algorithms Research China Northeastern University China State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence Production Technology and Systems China

We present NewsBench, a novel evaluation framework to systematically assess the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) for editorial capabilities in Chinese journalism. Our constructed benchmark dataset is focused on four facets of writing proficiency and six facets of safety adherence, and it comprises manually and carefully designed 1,267 test samples in the types of multiple choice questions and short answer questions for five editorial tasks in 24 news domains. To measure performances, we propose different GPT-4 based automatic evaluation protocols to assess LLM generations for short answer questions in terms of writing proficiency and safety adherence, and both are validated by the high correlations with human evaluations. Based on the systematic evaluation framework, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of eleven popular LLMs which can handle Chinese. The experimental results highlight GPT-4 and ERNIE Bot as top performers, yet reveal a relative deficiency in journalistic safety adherence in creative writing tasks. Our findings also underscore the need for enhanced ethical guidance in machine-generated journalistic content, marking a step forward in aligning LLMs with journalistic standards and safety considerations. The evaluation framework and experimental results are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the editorial capabilities of LLMs and speed up the development of LLMs in journalism.1 © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Statistical tests

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Hybrid Signal Integrity Modeling and Analysis of Heterogeneous Integrated System With Neuromorphic Darwin Chip

IEEE Transactions on Signal and Power Integrity

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IEEE Transactions on Signal and Power Integrity 2024年 3卷 37-46页

作者： Chen, Quankun Ma, Hanzhi Li, Da Tao, Tuomin Tan, Shurun Liu, En-Xiao Schutt-Aine, Jose Li, Er-Ping Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems and Applications College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Hangzhou310027 China Zhejiang University University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute Haining314400 China A∗star Institute of High Performance Computing Singapore138632 Singapore University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UrbanaIL61820 United States

This article introduces a comprehensive approach for designing and analyzing signal integrity in heterogeneous integrated systems that incorporate neuromorphic Darwin chips. The proposed integrated system architecture includes a neuromorphic Darwin chip, digital signal processing unit, microcontroller unit, field programmable gate arrays, and coding and decoding modules to encode and reconstruct analog spiking signals. The study evaluates the encoding module and the heterogeneous integration structure and conducts signal integrity analysis. To achieve optimal signal integrity performance, the article proposes a novel binocular eye diagram analysis technique. This innovative approach guides the encoding algorithm modification and improves the overall system performance. This research is the first to combine joint field-circuit simulation, heterogeneous integration modeling, and signal integrity analysis of the Darwin neuromorphic chip, and it is expected to serve as a valuable reference for future studies on similar systems. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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Edge-Driven Industrial computing Power Networks: Digital Twin-Empowered Service Provisioning by Hybrid Soft Actor-Critic

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8095-8109页

作者： Zhang, Long Song, Deng-Ao Zhang, Hongliang Tian, Ni Zhuang, Zirui Niyato, Dusit Han, Zhu Hebei University of Engineering School of Information and Electrical Engineering Handan056038 China Peking University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Beijing100871 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

With the proliferation of data-intensive industrial applications, the collaboration of computing powers among standalone edge servers is vital to provision such services for smart devices. In this paper, we propose an edge-driven industrial computing power network (CPN) by orchestrating the computing and network resources of edge servers through the centralized resource scheduling and decentralized task computing. However, efficient task offloading and collaborative processing is challenging, which requires higher degrees of network automation and intelligence. Therefore, we incorporate digital twins (DTs) into the edge-driven CPN architecture, where the DTs are created as the digital replicas to assist both the computation offloading and collaborative processing. A joint optimization problem of the computing power assignment, service association, task partition, and transmit power control is formulated for maximizing the system average weighted utility. Due to the temporal-spatial variability of tasks and the resulted dynamic environment, we transform the original problem as a Markov decision process aiming at maximizing the long-term average weighted utility. To efficiently handle the high-dimensional discrete-continuous action space, a hybrid soft actor-critic based deep reinforcement learning algorithm is developed for optimizing the joint design. Simulation results validate the superiority of our proposed algorithm over the benchmarks, showing the significant gains obtained by integrating DTs into the edge-driven CPN. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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A Multi-DOF Robot System Based on LightGBM-Driven EEG Decoding Model for BCI Human-Machine Interaction 42

A Multi-DOF Robot System Based on LightGBM-Driven EEG Decodi...

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42nd Chinese Control Conference, CCC 2023

作者： Yan, Weidong Xu, Zhaoliang Li, Yang Beihang University The Department of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing100191 China The Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beijing100191 China Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beijing100191 China Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Hangzhou310000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789887581543

In this study, a multi-degree-of-freedom (Multi-DOF) robot (MDR) system based on a LightGBM-driven electroencephalogram (EEG) decoding model is designed and developed to assist subjects with hand motor dysfunction in their daily activities and neurorehabilitation. The system mainly consists of a motor imagery electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) evoking layer, an intention decoding layer, and an interaction executive layer. The MI-EEG evoking layer initially displays a virtual reality (VR) motion imagination scenario, instructing the subjects to imagine a real hand gripping movement, simultaneously collecting the electrical EEG signals and preprocessing the EEG signals. Secondly, in the intention decoding layer, a network combining temporal-spectral feature fusion and LightGBM (TSFF-LightGBM) for MI-BCI classification is used to more effectively boost brain decoding accuracy and decrease decoding time. Finally, in the interaction executive layer, the Multi-DOF wearable robot is developed to offer hand grasp motion kinesthetic feedback and visual feedback synced with MI. The following are the key benefits of the proposed MDR system: (1) We propose a new lightweight network structure more suitable for brain computer interface (BCI) interaction systems, achieving more accurate decoding and shorter identification time in different data sets, which helps to improve the practicability of the system and promote the practical clinical application of BCI rehabilitation technology. (2) We integrate BCI, VR, a wearable Multi-DOF robot, motion kinesthetic feedback, and visual feedback to improve human-machine interaction. Compared to the most recent investigations, the average accuracy of the MDR system on the publicly accessible datasets BCI IV 2a and HGD reached 75.89% and 93.53%, respectively. © 2023 Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Brain computer interface

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A Multi-Head Convolution Network with Attention Consistency for Facial Expression Recognition 42

A Multi-Head Convolution Network with Attention Consistency ...

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42nd Chinese Control Conference, CCC 2023

作者： Liu, Wenkang Sun, Mingyi Li, Yang Beihang University The Department of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing100191 China The Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beijing100191 China Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beijing100191 China Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Hangzhou310000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789887581543

In recent years, the demand for facial expression recognition applications has increased rapidly, and its research has received extensive attention from researchers. However, the current recognition methods based on deep learning ignore the idea of multiple head attention and semantic consistency, resulting in the model only paying attention to the local area of the feature map. In addition, the model's inconsistent attention to the images before and after the flip, resulting the poor robustness, poor interpretation, and other shortcomings in the model. To address the above problems, we propose an Affinity Separation Loss (ASLoss), which improves the separability of samples through clustering. Moreover, a Separate Multi-head Attention block (SMA), and a Zonal Loss (ZLoss) are also designed to decentralize the model's attention. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed MACNet method achieves competitive recognition performance on two public datasets RAF-DB and FERPlus. © 2023 Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Face recognition

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Audit-LLM: Multi-Agent Collaboration for Log-based Insider Threat Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Song, Chengyu Ma, Linru Zheng, Jianming Liao, Jinzhi Kuang, Hongyu Yang, Lin Systems Engineering Institute Academy of Military Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi China National University of Defense Technology National Key Laboratory of Information Systems Engineering Changsha China

Log-based insider threat detection (ITD) detects malicious user activities by auditing log entries. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) with strong common sense knowledge are emerging in the domain of ITD. Nevertheless, diverse activity types and overlong log files pose a significant challenge for LLMs to directly discern malicious ones within myriads of normal activities. Furthermore, the faithfulness hallucination issue from LLMs aggravates its application difficulty in ITD, as the generated conclusion may not align with user commands and activity context. In response to these challenges, we introduce Audit-LLM, a multi-agent log-based insider threat detection framework comprising three collaborative agents: (i) the Decomposer agent, breaking down the complex ITD task into manageable sub-tasks using Chain-of-Thought (COT) reasoning;(ii) the Tool Builder agent, creating reusable tools for sub-tasks to overcome context length limitations in LLMs;and (iii) the Executor agent, generating the final detection conclusion by invoking constructed tools. To enhance conclusion accuracy, we propose a pair-wise Evidence-based Multi-agent Debate (EMAD) mechanism, where two independent Executors iteratively refine their conclusions through reasoning exchange to reach a consensus. Comprehensive experiments conducted on three publicly available ITD datasets—CERT r4.2, CERT r5.2, and PicoDomain—demonstrate the superiority of our method over existing baselines and show that the proposed EMAD significantly improves the faithfulness of explanations generated by LLMs. 1 2 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reusability

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Long‐time target tracking algorithm based on re‐detection multi‐feature fusion

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IET Cyber-systems and Robotics 2022年第1期4卷 38-50页

作者： Junsuo Qu Chenxue Tang Yuan Zhang Kai Zhou Abolfazl Razi School of Automation Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent ProcessXi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'anShaanxiChina School of Communication and Information Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'anShaanxiChina School of Informatics Computing and Cyber SystemsNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZUSA

This paper considers the problem of long-term target tracking in complex scenes when tracking failures are unavoidable due to illumination change,target deformation,scale change,motion blur,and other *** specifically,a target tracking algorithm,called re-detection multi-feature fusion,is proposed based on the fusion of scale-adaptive kernel correlation filtering and *** target tracking algorithm trains three kernel correlation filters based on the histogram of oriented gradients,colour name,and local binary pattern features and then obtains the fusion weight of response graphs corresponding to different features based on average peak correlation energy criterion and uses weighted average to complete the position estimation of the tracked *** order to deal with the problem that the target is occluded and disappears in the tracking process,a random fern classifier is trained to perform re-detection when the target is *** comparing the OTB-50 target tracking dataset,the experimental results show that the proposed tracker can track the target well in the occlusion attribute video sequence in the OTB-100 test dataset and has a certain improvement in tracking accuracy and success rate compared with the traditional correlation filter tracker.

关键词： machine learning pedestrian identification robustness visual surveillance visual tracking

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