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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yao, Yao Yang, Yifei Ma, Xinbei Yang, Dongjie Zhang, Zhuosheng Li, Zuchao Zhao, Hai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trusted Data Circulation and Governance in Web3 Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China

How human cognitive abilities are formed has long captivated researchers. However, a significant challenge lies in developing meaningful methods to measure these complex processes. With the advent of large language models (LLMs), which now rival human capabilities in various domains, we are presented with a unique testbed to investigate human cognition through a new lens. Among the many facets of cognition, one particularly crucial aspect is the concept of semantic size—the perceived magnitude of both abstract and concrete words or concepts. This study seeks to investigate whether LLMs exhibit similar tendencies in understanding semantic size, thereby providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of human cognition. We begin by exploring metaphorical reasoning, comparing how LLMs and humans associate abstract words with concrete objects of varying sizes. Next, we examine LLMs’ internal representations to evaluate their alignment with human cognitive processes. Our findings reveal that multi-modal training is crucial for LLMs to achieve more human-like understanding, suggesting that real-world, multi-modal experiences are similarly vital for human cognitive development. Lastly, we examine whether LLMs are influenced by attention-grabbing headlines with larger semantic sizes in a real-world web shopping scenario. The results show that multi-modal LLMs are more emotionally engaged in decision-making, but this also introduces potential biases, such as the risk of manipulation through clickbait headlines. Ultimately, this study offers a novel perspective on how LLMs interpret and internalize language, from the smallest concrete objects to the most profound abstract concepts like ‘love’. The insights gained not only improve our understanding of LLMs but also provide new avenues for exploring the cognitive abilities that define human intelligence. Our code and dataset is publicly available at https://***/Zoeyyao27/LLM-Semantic-Size-Understanding. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Semantics

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Unleashing the Power of Edge-Cloud Generative AI in Mobile Networks: A Survey of AIGC Services

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Xu, Minrui Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Mao, Shiwen Han, Zhu Jamalipour, Abbas Kim, Dong In Shen, Xuemin Leung, Victor C.M. Poor, H. Vincent The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of Education Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangzhou510006 China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore487372 Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of The School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006 Australia The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518061 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) is an automated method for generating, manipulating, and modifying valuable and diverse data using AI algorithms creatively. This survey paper focuses on the deployment of AIGC applications, e.g., ChatGPT and Dall-E, at mobile edge networks, namely mobile AIGC networks, that provide personalized and customized AIGC services in real time while maintaining user privacy. We begin by introducing the background and fundamentals of generative models and the lifecycle of AIGC services at mobile AIGC networks, which includes data collection, training, fine-tuning, inference, and product management. We then discuss the collaborative cloud-edge-mobile infrastructure and technologies required to support AIGC services and enable users to access AIGC at mobile edge networks. Furthermore, we explore AIGC-driven creative applications and use cases for mobile AIGC networks. Additionally, we discuss the implementation, security, and privacy challenges of deploying mobile AIGC networks. Finally, we highlight some future research directions and open issues for the full realization of mobile AIGC networks. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Life cycle

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Improving Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for Readout Signals Using Adaptive Filters on Reconfigurable Controls Hardware

Improving Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for Readout Signals Us...

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Quantum Computing and engineering (QCE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Hans Johnson Silvia Zorzetti Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center (SQMS) Batavia IL U.S.A.

This study investigates the optimization of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in superconducting quantum computing readout signals through adaptive filtering. Quantum computing technology has the potential to revolutionize various fields by delivering exponential speedup in solving certain computational problems. However, the technology's practical implementation is hindered by the difficulty of extracting clean, reliable signals during the readout phase, with various sources of noise presenting a significant barrier to clean signals. This noise, often present in readout profiles due to imperfect isolation, degrades the system's overall SNR, thus impeding the ability to extract the quantum state accurately. The research leverages the power of adaptive filtering to improve the SNR of quantum computing readout signals. Specifically, an adaptive filter is implemented in a PYNQ overlay on an FPGA, and eventually will be connected to a quantum computing system. The system models the noise with a Least Mean Squares (LMS) adaptive filter, and then subtracts the estimated noise from the received signal to improve the SNR. A Direct Memory Access (DMA) channel is used to handle the signal processing, delivering efficient, high-speed data transfer between the PYNQ system and the hardware. The study explores the benefits of this adaptive filtering technique, potentially providing a significant contribution to practical and fast quantum computing.

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Counterfactual Data Augmentation with Denoising Diffusion for Graph Anomaly Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xiao, Chunjing Pang, Shikang Xu, Xovee Li, Xuan Trajcevski, Goce Zhou, Fan The School of Computer and Information Engineering Henan University China The Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Henan University Kaifeng475004 China The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu610054 China The National Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Synthetic Vision Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States

A critical aspect of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is to enhance the node representations by aggregating node neighborhood information. However, when detecting anomalies, the representations of abnormal nodes are prone to be averaged by normal neighbors, making the learned anomaly representations less distinguishable. To tackle this issue, we propose CAGAD - an unsupervised Counterfactual data Augmentation method for Graph Anomaly Detection - which introduces a graph pointer neural network as the heterophilic node detector to identify potential anomalies whose neighborhoods are normal-node-dominant. For each identified potential anomaly, we design a graph-specific diffusion model to translate a part of its neighbors, which are probably normal, into anomalous ones. At last, we involve these translated neighbors in GNN neighborhood aggregation to produce counterfactual representations of anomalies. Through aggregating the translated anomalous neighbors, counterfactual representations become more distinguishable and further advocate detection performance. The experimental results on four datasets demonstrate that CAGAD significantly outperforms strong baselines, with an average improvement of 2.35% on F1, 2.53% on AUC-ROC, and 2.79% on AUC-PR. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Deep Learning in Palmprint Recognition-A Comprehensive Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Gao, Chengrui Yang, Ziyuan Jia, Wei Leng, Lu Zhang, Bob Teoh, Andrew Beng Jin College of Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Singapore School of Computer and Information Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang China Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Group Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau Taipa China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering College of Engineering Yonsei University Seoul Korea Republic of

Palmprint recognition has emerged as a prominent biometric technology, widely applied in diverse scenarios. Traditional handcrafted methods for palmprint recognition often fall short in representation capability, as they heavily depend on researchers' prior knowledge. Deep learning (DL) has been introduced to address this limitation, leveraging its remarkable successes across various domains. While existing surveys focus narrowly on specific tasks within palmprint recognition-often grounded in traditional methodologies-there remains a significant gap in comprehensive research exploring DL-based approaches across all facets of palmprint recognition. This paper bridges that gap by thoroughly reviewing recent advancements in DL-powered palmprint recognition. The paper systematically examines progress across key tasks, including region-of-interest segmentation, feature extraction, and security/privacy-oriented challenges. Beyond highlighting these advancements, the paper identifies current challenges and uncovers promising opportunities for future research. By consolidating state-of-the-art progress, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, enabling them to stay abreast of cutting-edge technologies and drive innovation in palmprint recognition. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biometrics

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Editorial

IEEE Transactions on Biometrics, Behavior, and Identity Scie...

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IEEE Transactions on Biometrics, Behavior, and Identity Science 2024年第3期6卷 289-289页

作者： Liao, Shengcai Liu, Xiaoming Tistarelli, Massimo Chellappa, Rama Kittler, Josef United Arab Emirates University College of Information Technology Al Ain United Arab Emirates Michigan State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering East LansingMI48824 United States University of Sassari Computer Vision Laboratory Sassari07100 Italy Johns Hopkins University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BaltimoreMD21218 United States Johns Hopkins University Department of Biomedical Engineering BaltimoreMD21218 United States University of Surrey Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom

The 2022 International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB 2022) was held at Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, from October 10 to October 13, 2022. This marked the first biometrics conference held in the Middle East. The IJCB 2022 conference combined two major biometrics conferences: the IEEE Biometrics Theory, Applications, and Systems (BTAS) conference and the International Conference on Biometrics (ICB). The IJCB 2022 conference was technically co-sponsored by both IAPR TC4 (Technical Committee on Biometrics) and the IEEE Biometrics Council. © 2019 IEEE.

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Evaluating edge artificial intelligence-driven supply chain management platforms using collaborative large-scale fuzzy information fusion

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Applied Soft Computing 2024年 159卷

作者： Zhang, Chao Zhang, Jingjing Sangaiah, Arun Kumar Li, Deyu Li, Wentao School of Computer and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Chinese Information Processing of Ministry of Education Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi030006 China International Graduate Institute of Artificial Intelligence National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon College of Artificial Intelligence Southwest University Chongqing400715 China

The rapid development of edge artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about revolutionary changes in supply chain management (SCM). It not only provides real-time data processing capabilities but also accelerates the decision-making process, injecting more innovative elements into SCM. In this context, SCM platforms require new technological developments and effective evaluations, as they collectively drive the efficient coordination of complex business processes. SCM platforms enable the seamless coordination of various supply chain elements, facilitating streamlined operations and enhanced decision-making processes. The evaluation of these platforms not only serves to validate their performance and effectiveness, but also contributes to continual improvements in design and application, and addressing the evolving demands within the realms of global commerce and dynamic market conditions. The ongoing assessment and enhancement of SCM platforms play a crucial role in optimizing resource allocation, improving production efficiency, and fostering adaptability to changing market dynamics. However, the acquisition of assessment data often introduces imprecise data. Additionally, the large-scale nature and bounded rationality of decision-makers (DMs) significantly impact the evaluation of SCM platforms. This article aims to explore a collaborative large-scale information fusion approach and provide a robust fuzzy framework for evaluating SCM platforms. This approach employs a combination of spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs), large-scale group decision-making (LSGDM), behavioral theories and three-way decisions (TWD) to thoroughly explore collaborative large-scale information fusion and its practical application in assessing SCM platforms. It introduces an innovative spherical fuzzy (SF) LSGDM technique and integrates TWD with the inclusion of prospect theory (PT) and regret theory (RT) to mitigate potential decision risks. The developed collaborative large-scale information f

关键词： Supply chain management

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Adversarial attacks and defenses in physiological computing:a systematic review

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National Science Open 2023年第1期2卷 62-90页

作者： Dongrui Wu Jiaxin Xu Weili Fang Yi Zhang Liuqing Yang Xiaodong Xu Hanbin Luo Xiang Yu Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and AutomationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China College of Public Administration Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of MichiganAnn Arbor MI 48109USA School of Management and Sino-European Institute for Intellectual Property Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Physiological computing uses human physiological data as system inputs in real *** includes,or significantly overlaps with,brain-computer interfaces,affective computing,adaptive automation,health informatics,and physiological signal based *** computing increases the communication bandwidth from the user to the computer,but is also subject to various types of adversarial attacks,in which the attacker deliberately manipulates the training and/or test examples to hijack the machine learning algorithm output,leading to possible user confusion,frustration,injury,or even ***,the vulnerability of physiological computing systems has not been paid enough attention to,and there does not exist a comprehensive review on adversarial attacks to *** study fills this gap,by providing a systematic review on the main research areas of physiological computing,different types of adversarial attacks and their applications to physiological computing,and the corresponding defense *** hope this review will attract more research interests on the vulnerability of physiological computing systems,and more importantly,defense strategies to make them more secure.

关键词： physiological computing brain-computer interfaces health informatics biometrics machine learning adversarial attack

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A Performance-Based Model Recovery Anti-Windup Design for Linear Systems Subject to Actuator Saturation

A Performance-Based Model Recovery Anti-Windup Design for Li...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： Wenxin Lai Yuanlong Li Zongli Lin Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai China Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia Char-lottesville VA U.S.A.

ISBN: (数字)9798350382655

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382662

In this paper, we investigate the problem of reference tracking for a class of linear systems subject to actuator saturation and propose a performance-based model recovery anti-windup strategy. We adopt the classic model recovery anti-windup framework and regard the states or one of the outputs of the anti-windup compensator as the tracking error, by which the difference between the unconstrained system and the saturated system is quantified. Then, instead of employing the commonly used $\mathcal{L}_{2}$ gain, we present the prescribed performance functions (PPFs) to characterize the real-time tracking error such that the system performance can be captured more specifically. In particular, to avoid singular issues arising from the occurrence of saturation, we modify the existing PPFs with an auxiliary system when saturation occurs. Based on these modified performance functions, we follow a modified prescribed performance control approach and design the remaining output of the anti-windup compensator. Such a design procedure is constructive, making it more promising for extension to nonlinear systems. Theoretical results establish the boundedness of all signals in the closed-loop system. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our design strategy.

关键词： Linear systems Actuators Simulation System performance Stability analysis Real-time systems Trajectory

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Efficient Single-Image Depth Estimation on Mobile Devices, Mobile AI & AIM 2022 Challenge: Report 17th

Efficient Single-Image Depth Estimation on Mobile Devices, ...

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17th European Conference on computer Vision, ECCV 2022

作者： Ignatov, Andrey Malivenko, Grigory Timofte, Radu Treszczotko, Lukasz Chang, Xin Ksiazek, Piotr Lopuszynski, Michal Pioro, Maciej Rudnicki, Rafal Smyl, Maciej Ma, Yujie Li, Zhenyu Chen, Zehui Xu, Jialei Liu, Xianming Jiang, Junjun Shi, XueChao Xu, Difan Li, Yanan Wang, Xiaotao Lei, Lei Zhang, Ziyu Wang, Yicheng Huang, Zilong Luo, Guozhong Yu, Gang Fu, Bin Li, Jiaqi Wang, Yiran Huang, Zihao Cao, Zhiguo Conde, Marcos V. Sapozhnikov, Denis Lee, Byeong Hyun Park, Dongwon Hong, Seongmin Lee, Joonhee Lee, Seunggyu Chun, Se Young Computer Vision Lab ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland AI Witchlabs Zollikerberg Switzerland University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany TCL Research Europe Warsaw Poland Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Xiaomi Inc. Beijing China Tencent GY-Lab Shenzhen China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Multi-Spectral Information Processing School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783031250651

Various depth estimation models are now widely used on many mobile and IoT devices for image segmentation, bokeh effect rendering, object tracking and many other mobile tasks. Thus, it is very crucial to have efficient and accurate depth estimation models that can run fast on low-power mobile chipsets. In this Mobile AI challenge, the target was to develop deep learning-based single image depth estimation solutions that can show a real-time performance on IoT platforms and smartphones. For this, the participants used a large-scale RGB-to-depth dataset that was collected with the ZED stereo camera capable to generated depth maps for objects located at up to 50 m. The runtime of all models was evaluated on the Raspberry Pi 4 platform, where the developed solutions were able to generate VGA resolution depth maps at up to 27 FPS while achieving high fidelity results. All models developed in the challenge are also compatible with any Android or Linux-based mobile devices, their detailed description is provided in this paper. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Image segmentation

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