A thermoreflectance method to measure wall temperature in two-phase annular flow is described. In high heat flux conditions, momentary dry-out occurs as the liquid film vaporizes, resulting in dramatic decreases in he...
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Spray cooling is one technology with the potential to help solve the thermal management issues of future generations of electronics. To date, however, its implementation has been limited by the lack of understanding o...
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Spray cooling is one technology with the potential to help solve the thermal management issues of future generations of electronics. To date, however, its implementation has been limited by the lack of understanding of how spray cooling systems can be engineered rather than designed by trial and error. This work presents a comprehensive set of heat transfer data for single- and four-nozzle spray arrays using 5 different pure fluids and mixtures of pairs of these 5. Importantly, it was found that the heat transfer performance of the mixtures was not impaired as is often the case in convective flow boiling. In addition, a single correlation is presented that predicts all of the data to within 9% mean average error.
To achieve the numerical aperture required for the next generation of immersion lithography, water may be replaced with a high index liquid as the immersion fluid. Due to their low surface tension to viscosity ratios,...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819466556
To achieve the numerical aperture required for the next generation of immersion lithography, water may be replaced with a high index liquid as the immersion fluid. Due to their low surface tension to viscosity ratios, candidate high index fluids have an increased tendency to lose liquid from the under-lens region during scanning. Since any residual liquid left on the wafer is a potential defect mechanism, the conversion to high index fluids may drastically reduce scanning speeds and chip throughput. The mechanism for liquid loss strongly depends on the behavior of the three-phase contact line, so this work focuses on the experimental study of the static and dynamic contact behavior of five high index fluids. Contact angle and critical liquid loss velocity data is compared to the critical velocity model we previously developed, and the liquid loss behavior is discussed.
This work presents the mathematical model of a complex flow network containing short metering orifices, compressible flow, and two-phase flow in small diameter pipes. It has been developed to study the steady and dyna...
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Fuel delivery in carburetors strongly depends on the flow characteristics through a small orifice whose function is to limit the flow between a constant pressure reservoir and a fuel tube. The geometry of this orifice...
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The performance of single- and four-nozzle spays for high heat flux electronics cooling using nitrogen-saturated FC-72 was evaluated in this study. The testing was performed using a multichip module (MCM) test setup, ...
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Planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) was applied to horizontal air/water two-phase annular flow in order to clearly image the liquid film and interfacial wave behavior at the top, side and bottom of the tube. The ...
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