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Improved Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution from Inorganic/Organic Sacrificial Solution over Ni-Doped (CuIn) 0.2 Zn 1.6 S 2 Photocatalysts

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期1326卷 1-6页

作者： Xianghui Zhang Dengwei Jing Liejin Guo State Key Lab of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an PR China

The Ni-doped (CuIn)0.2Zn1.6S2 photocatalysts were prepared via a two-step ultrasonic-hydrothermal method under an environmental-friendly condition. XRD pattern profiles suggested that Ni2+ successfully doped into (CuIn)0.2Zn1.6S2 lattice. UV-Vis spectra indicated that the optical properties of the photocatalysts greatly depended on the amount of Ni doped. SEM images show that the samples were microspheres. The microsphere structures were gradually damaged with the increment of Ni doping amount. The photoactivity of (CuIn)0.2Zn1.6S2 was enhanced when Ni2+ was doped into the crystal structure. The H2 evolution performance over the prepared samples from inorganic/organic sacrificial solution was systematic investigated.

关键词： catalytic energy generation hydrogenation

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Enhancing Photocurrent in Unannealed NiS x /CdS Photoelectrochemical System for Water Splitting and Hydrogen Production

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期1326卷 1-6页

作者： Ning Zhang Liejin Guo State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MPFL) School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi PR China

In this work, NiSx was deposited on FTO by chemical bath and worked as the inner layer in order to enhance the photocurrent of CdS film. It is found the unannealed CdS/NiSx had a higher photocurrent than unannealed CdS, but after annealing, the photocurrent of CdS/NiSx showed dramatical decrease. The mechanism was discussed in detail by UPS and current-potential curves.

关键词： Ni S thin film

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Performance enhancement for nanofluid-cooled microchannel heat sink

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Yingyong Jichu yu Gongcheng Kexue Xuebao/Journal of Basic Science and engineering 2012年第SUPPL.期20卷 169-180页

作者： Lin, Lin Wang, Xiaodong Wang, Zhenhua Department of Thermal Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China Xi'an Shaangu Power Co. LTD Xi'an 710075 China

Based on selecting the proper formulas of thermal conductivity and viscosity for nanofluids, a three-dimensional fluid-solid conjugated model was developed to analyze the effect of the heat sink structure, the nanoparticle kind, diameter and volume fraction, and the base fluid kind on the cooling performance of microchannel heat sink. The results showed that: (1) thermal dispersion effect caused by nanoparticle random motion enhanced the thermal convection of nanofluid thus enhances significantly the cooling performance of heat sink;(2) the enhancement of nanofluids was closely dependent on the heat sink structure and the dependence was distinct from the pure fluid, hence the heat sink structure was needed to be optimized for nanofluids as coolants;(3) as the nanoparticle volume fraction increases, the thermal resistance reduced and the pressure increased, the water-based Al2O3 nanofluid with 0.5% volume fraction was the optimal coolant which caused 10.1% decrease in the thermal resistance and only 0.38% increased in the pressure drop;(4) although the nanoparticle size had a small effect on the thermal resistance, nanoparticles with small diameter were recommended with consideration of stability of nanofluids;(5) Al2O3 nanoparticle was superior to TiO2 and CuO, and water was the better base fluid than ethylene glycol and engine oil.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Anomalous enhancement in thermal conductivity of nanofluid induced by solid walls in a nanochannel

Anomalous enhancement in thermal conductivity of nanofluid i...

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作者： Sun, Chengzhen Lu, Wen-Qiang Bai, Bofeng Liu, Jie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China College of Physical Sciences Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Thermal conductivity of Ar-Cu nanofluid confined between two parallel walls (in a nanochannel) is calculated by equilibrium-molecular-dynamics (EMD) simulation through Green-Kubo formula. The results show that the vibration of nanoparticle in the channel height direction (z-direction) is inhibited due to the presence of solid boundaries and accordingly the thermal conductivity of the confined nanofluid is obviously anisotropic. Anomalous enhancement in the thermal conductivity perpendicular to the z-direction (λ) appears as a result of the strong coupling interactions between the fluid atoms, especially the nanoparticle atoms, and the wall atoms. The thermal conductivity λ of the nanofluid confined in the channel of width h = 5.148 nm increases with the increase of the nanoparticle diameter for the strengthened couplings. The nanoparticle volume fraction effect on the thermal conductivity of the confined nanofluid is more obvious than that in macroscale. In addition, the thermal conductivity λ of the nanofluid with diameter of nanoparticle d = 1.370 nm decreases with the channel width increasing owing to the weakened couplings resulted by a longer interacting distance. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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Study on the Radiation Distribution in A Fluidized Tubular Reactor for Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

Study on the Radiation Distribution in A Fluidized Tubular R...

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2011 International Conference on Energy and Environment(ICEE 2011)

作者： Zhao Liang Fan Liangliang Jing Dengwei Liu Wenxu Cao Fei Zhu Xule Yang Junyin Zhang Hailong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

Radiation distribution study is of importance for the design and the optimization of fluidized photocatalytic tubular reactor which has been developed for photocatalytic hydrogen production under direct solar light. In the present study, the radiation distribution in such reactor was successfully simulated by adopting Monte Carlo method and the six-flux radiation absorption-scattering models. Both the incident angles of light around the reactor and the concentration distribution of photocatalyst were taken into account. Our analysis indicates that the angles and the intensity of the incident rays significantly affect the radiation distribution. Moreover, it was also found that the equilibrium radiation distribution has a close relationship with the density distribution of the photocatalysts. The simulated results are expected to be helpful for obtaining the optimal operating parameters for solar photocatalytic hydrogen production.

关键词： radiation distribution,fluidized tubular reactor,nanometer catalyst,compound parabolic concentrators

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An Adaptive VOF Method on Unstructured Grid

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2011年第1期1376卷 642-644页

作者： L. L. Wu M. Huang B. Chen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

In order to improve the accuracy of interface capturing and keeping the computational efficiency, an adaptive VOF method on unstructured grid is proposed in this paper. The volume fraction in each cell is regarded as the criterion to locally refine the interface cell. With the movement of interface, new interface cells (0 ≤ f ≤ 1) are subdivided into child cells, while those child cells that no longer contain interface will be merged back into the original parent cell. In order to avoid the complicated redistribution of volume fraction during the subdivision and amalgamation procedure, a predictor‐corrector algorithm is proposed to implement the subdivision and amalgamation procedures only in empty or full cell ( f = 0 or 1). Thus volume fraction in the new cell can take the value from the original cell directly, and the interpolation of the interface is avoided. The advantage of this method is that the re‐generation of the whole grid system is not necessary, so its implementation is very efficient. Moreover, an advection flow test of a hollow square was performed, and the relative shape error of the result obtained by adaptive mesh is smaller than those by non‐refined grid, which verifies the validation of our method.

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A Model for Wave Properties in Churn flow

A Model for Wave Properties in Churn Flow

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The Fifth China-Korea Workshop on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics

作者： Ke Wang Bofeng Bai Jiahuan Cui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

A model for wave properties, such as wave velocity and amplitude in churn flow has been developed in this paper. The results demonstrate that the wave behavior differs from that in annular flow. In addition, the critical amplitude A c decreases with the increase in gas flow rate. Moreover, the maximum amplitude A max decreases with the increasing of gas mass flux but increase with the increasing of liquid mass flux. The average absolute deviations (AAD) for A c and A max are 16.29% and 7.10%, respectively.

关键词： A Model for Wave Properties in Churn flow Model

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Eosin Y-sensitized ZnO/TiO 2 for efficient visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期1326卷 1-6页

作者： Haipei Liu Dengwei Jing Liejin Guo State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an P. R. China

In this work a series of Eosin Y-ZnO(x%)/TiO2 were prepared. ZnO well dispersed on the surface of TiO2, which improves the adsorption of Eosin Y and the excited electron to transfer to the conduction band of TiO2. Therefore the visible light activity of 0.2%Pt-Eosin Y-ZnO(x%)/TiO2 is much higher than that of the 0.2%Pt-Eosin Y-TiO2 and 0.2%Pt-Eosin Y-ZnO. The 0.2%Pt-Eosin Y- ZnO(1.5%)/TiO2 has the highest visible light activity among the catalysts coupled with various ZnO amount, whose activity is increased by a factor of 3.5 compared to that of 0.2%Pt-Eosin Y-TiO2. It is proposed that, 0.2%Pt-Eosin Y-ZnO(1.5%)/TiO2 has the optimal trapping sites of carriers and thickness of the space-charge layer on the TiO2 particle surface, so these factors result a more efficient charge separation, an increased lifetime of the charge carriers, and the enhanced of hydrogen production.

关键词： catalytic hydrogenation energy generation

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Study on the Radiation Distribution in A Fluidized Tubular Reactor for Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

Study on the Radiation Distribution in A Fluidized Tubular R...

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2011 International Conference of Environmental Science and engineering（ICESE 2011）

作者： Zhao Liang Fan Liangliang Jing Dengwei Liu Wenxu Cao Fei Zhu Xule Yang Junyin Zhang Hailong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Radiation distribution,Fluidized tubular reactor,Nanometer catalyst Compound parabolic concentrators

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Supersonic ejector to boost production from low pressure natural gas field

Supersonic ejector to boost production from low pressure nat...

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International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring

作者： Wu, Gesheng Chong, Daotong Chen, Weixiong Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chendu China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543505

An effective way to boost natural gas production from low pressure gas field was introduced in the paper. The supersonic ejector used the energ off high pressure gas wells, which was generally wasted through the choke valve, as its power supply to boost the low pressure gas production. The field experiment of the natural gas ejector was carried out, and the performance of the ejector was also presented. Moreover, the production of low pressure natural gas well was compared when the natural gas ejector was used or not. The economic analysis shows that the recovery period of the capital was less than several months. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Natural gas

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