Reduced manning is the process (and the result) of removing human functions from a system while retaining or improving system operability and effectiveness. Reliability and maintainability characterize a system's ...
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Reduced manning is the process (and the result) of removing human functions from a system while retaining or improving system operability and effectiveness. Reliability and maintainability characterize a system's operability and effectiveness. Reduced manning impacts system reliability by changing the characteristics of (1) human error associated with system operation and maintenance, (2) time to repair failed components, and (3) mean-time-between-failures (MBTF) in a reduced manning environment. Simply reducing manning without compensating for system dependence on human involvement generally has a negative impact on system maintainability. Methods to address this include (1) human-system integrationdesign of maintenance interfaces and (2) design of operations activities that are closely related to device failures. After demonstrating reliable performance through testing and operation, ship commanders can be assured that fewer people can effectively operate and maintain Navy ships and systems.
In the pulp and paper industry, during major modernization projects the overall energy system consequences are often not estimated in detail, usually only local energy consequences are taken into account when evaluati...
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In the pulp and paper industry, during major modernization projects the overall energy system consequences are often not estimated in detail, usually only local energy consequences are taken into account when evaluating possible projects. In this paper, the effects on the overall energy system when installing an advanced delignification process (i.e., a “state‐of‐the‐art” pulp digester and oxygen delignification process) will be presented. Also, the effect such an installation has on the potential for further energy integration is discussed. Furthermore, the CO 2 consequences for both installing such a system and integrating the mill further energy‐wise are presented. Dans l'industrie des pâtes et papiers lors de projets de modernisation importants, les conséquences globales des systèmes d'énergie ne sont pas estimées en détail; en général, seules les conséquences locales sont prises en compte lors de l'évaluation de projets possibles. Dans cet article, on présente les effets sur le système d'énergie global de l'installation d'un procédé de délignification avancé (soient un digesteur de pulpe de conception actuelle et un procédé de délignification à l'oxygène). De même, on analyse l'effet d'une telle installation sur le potentiel pour une plus grande intégration des énergies. En outre, on présente les conséquences en terme de CO 2 liées à l'installation d'un tel système et à l'intégration énergétique de l'usine.
This paper provides a context within which the role of human factors engineering (HFE) for Naval ship design may be understood. HFE is defined and its history as part of engineeringdesign teams is traced. The role of...
This paper provides a context within which the role of human factors engineering (HFE) for Naval ship design may be understood. HFE is defined and its history as part of engineeringdesign teams is traced. The role of HFE in ship systems design is defined, and the HFE Technology for Ships Program, managed by SEA 061R, is described. The rationale for inclusion of HFE in the designprocess is presented, the methodology whereby it is incorporated into the designprocess is detailed, methodology to assess the application of HFE is outlined, and the benefits that will accrue as a result of inclusion of HFE considerations in the designprocess are documented. The counterpoint to inclusion is illustrated through instances of design-induced human errors. A specific application of HFE in the acquisition process is illustrated through use of the Landing Craft, Air Cushion HFE program plan. The difficulties which may be encountered as the size of the target system expands are described. Potential roadblocks to the required incorporation of HFE are examined for their source and possible ameliorative steps.
作者：
Dr. Roy L. StreitSince 1992
Dr. Streit has focused a significant amount of his energy to assignment problems in acoustic warfare data fusion systems. This work led him to the formulation of the PDD Principle a broadly useful theoretical method that enables the derivation of new classes of discrete-continuous estimation algorithms for solving assignment problems without requiring enumeration and pruning. In recognition of his outstanding work in this area Dr. Streit received the NAVSEA Scientist of the Year Award for 1997. Dr. Streit has also been pursuing avenues for analyzing the loss in broadband detection performance of an acoustic array in the presence of interferences. Because examining all possible separations between the signal and many interferers is infeasible he has proposed a Poisson process model for the number and location (s) of the interferers. In this same time period Dr. Streit has also been investigating issues in environmental modeling and localization by proposing a novel integral method for solving the bearings-only target motion analysis problem which enables a natural heuristic for compensating for mismatch between the model predictions and the real world. Most recently Dr. Streit has proposed the Numerical ACoustic Hull ARray (NACHAR) Project as a revolutionary and ambitious approach to hull array design. Its premise is that optimizing the detection capability of large hull arrays requires the full integration of hull sensor array and beamformer design processes. Because NACHAR crosses an unusual number of technical disciplines it involves researchers from several departments. The diversity of Dr. Streif s technical background makes him uniquely suited to lead the project Dr. Streifs truly impressive scientific achievements are complemented by a noteworthy list of professional activities that accentuate his value to Division Newport and the Navy. He represents the United States in The Technical Cooperation Program Maritime Activities Panel 9 (Sonar Technology) and participates in the Division New
for his significant engineering research and development in sonar array research and acoustic transient signals as set forth in the following
for his significant engineering research and development in sonar array research and acoustic transient signals as set forth in the following
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