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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Gui-Geng Mandal, Subhaskar Zhou, Peiheng Xi, Xiang Banerjee, Rimi Hu, Yuan-Hang Wei, Minggui Wang, Maoren Wang, Qiang Gao, Zhen Chen, Hongsheng Yang, Yihao Chong, Yidong Zhang, Baile Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore637371 Singapore National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China School of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210093 China Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies The Photonics Institute Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore

Quantum Hall systems host chiral edge states extending along the one-dimensional boundary of any two-dimensional sample. In solid state materials, the edge states serve as perfectly robust transport channels that produce a quantised Hall conductance;due to their chirality, and the topological protection by the Chern number of the bulk bandstructure, they cannot be spatially localized by defects or disorder. Here, we show experimentally that the chiral edge states of a lossy quantum Hall system can be localized. In a gyromagnetic photonic crystal exhibiting the quantum Hall topological phase, an appropriately structured loss configuration imparts the edge states’ complex energy spectrum with a feature known as point-gap winding. This intrinsically non-Hermitian topological invariant is distinct from the Chern number invariant of the bulk (which remains intact) and induces mode localization via the "non-Hermitian skin effect". The interplay of the two topological phenomena – the Chern number and point-gap winding – gives rise to a non-Hermitian generalisation of the paradigmatic Chern-type bulk-boundary correspondence principle. Compared to previous realisations of the non-Hermitian skin effect, the skin modes in this system have superior robustness against local defects and disorders. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Observation of topologically enabled complete polarization conversion

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chen, Fujia Gao, Zhen Zhang, Li Chen, Qiaolu Yan, Qinghui Xi, Rui Jing, Liqiao Li, Erping Yin, Wenyan Chen, Hongsheng Yang, Yihao Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Lab. of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Exploiting topological ideas has been a major theme in modern photonics, which provides unprecedented opportunities to design photonic devices with robustness against defects and flaws. While most previous works in topological photonics have focused on band theory, recent theoretical advances extend the topological concepts to the analysis of scattering matrices and suggest a topological route to complete polarization conversion (CPC), a unique photonic phenomenon without an electronic counterpart. Here, we report on the experimental observation of the topological effect in reflection matrices of a photonic crystal slab, enabling CPC between two linear polarizations over a wide range of frequencies. Using angle-resolved reflection measurements, we observe CPC occurring at vortex singularities of reflection coefficients in momentum space, verifying the topological nature of CPC. In addition, the topological effect also guarantees the spin-preserved reflection of a circularly polarized wave. Remarkably, we experimentally establish a connection between two seemingly unrelated topological phenomena-CPC and bound states in the continuum (BICs): BICs lie on the critical coupling curves that define the condition for CPC. Our work paves the way to exploring the topological properties in scattering matrices for controlling light polarization and spin and creating robust photonic devices. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Photonic devices

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Observation of Dirac hierarchy in three-dimensional acoustic topological insulators

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Yang, Linyun Wang, Yin Meng, Yan Zhu, Zhenxiao Xi, Xiang Yan, Bei Lin, Shuxin Chen, Jingming Shi, Bin-Jie Ge, Yong Yuan, Shou-Qi Sun, Hong-Xiang Liu, Gui-Geng Yang, Yihao Gao, Zhen Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology Faculty of Science Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China State Key Laboratory of Acoustics Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Lab. of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Lab. of Advanced Micro Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

Dirac cones (DCs) play a pivotal role in various unique phenomena ranging from massless electrons in graphene to robust surface states in topological insulators (TIs). Recent studies have theoretically revealed a full Dirac hierarchy comprising an eightfold bulk DC, a fourfold surface DC, and a twofold hinge DC, associated with a hierarchy of topological phases including first-order to third-order three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators, using the same 3D base lattice. Here, we report the first experimental observation of the Dirac hierarchy in 3D acoustic TIs. Using acoustic measurements, we unambiguously reveal that lifting of multifold DCs in each hierarchy can induce two-dimensional (2D) topological surface states with a fourfold DC in a first-order 3D TI, one-dimensional (1D) topological hinge states with a twofold DC in a second-order 3D TI, and zero-dimensional (0D) topological corner states in a third-order 3D TI. Our work not only expands the fundamental research scope of Dirac physics, but also opens up a new route for multidimensional robust wave manipulation. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric insulators

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Demonstration of topological wireless power transfer

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science Bulletin 2021年第10期66卷 974-980,M0003页

作者： Li Zhang Yihao Yang Zhao Jiang Qiaolu Chen Qinghui Yan Zhouyi Wu Baile Zhang Jiangtao Huangu Hongsheng Chen Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationCollege of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices&Smart Systems of ZhejiangZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China International Joint Innovation Center ZJU-UIUC InstituteZhejiang UniversityHaining 314400China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies The Photonics InstituteNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Laboratory of Applied Research on Electromagnetics(ARE) Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Recent advances in non-radiative wireless power transfer(WPT)technique essentially relying on magnetic resonance and near-field coupling have successfully enabled a wide range of ***,WPT systems based on double resonators are severely limited to short-or mid-range distance,due to the deteriorating efficiency and power with long transfer *** systems based on multi-relay resonators can overcome this problem,which,however,suffer from sensitivity to perturbations and fabrication ***,we experimentally demonstrate a concept of topological wireless power transfer(TWPT),where energy is transferred efficiently via the near-field coupling between two topological edge states localized at the ends of a one-dimensional radiowave topological *** a TWPT system can be modelled as a parity-time-symmetric Su-Schrieffer-Heeger(SSH)chain with complex boundary ***,the coil configurations are judiciously designed,which significantly suppress the unwanted cross-couplings between nonadjacent coils that could break the chiral symmetry of the SSH *** tuning the inter-and intra-cell coupling strengths,we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate high energy transfer efficiency near the exceptional point of the topological edge states,even in the presence of *** combination of topological metamaterials,non-Hermitian physics,and WPT techniques could promise a variety of robust,efficient WPT applications over long distances in electronics,transportation,and industry.

关键词： Wireless power transfer Topological metamaterials Exceptional point Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model

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Spinful Topological Phases in Acoustic Crystals with Projective PT Symmetry

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第2期130卷 026101-026101页

作者： Yan Meng Shuxin Lin Bin-jie Shi Bin Wei Linyun Yang Bei Yan Zhenxiao Zhu Xiang Xi Yin Wang Yong Ge Shou-qi Yuan Jingming Chen Gui-Geng Liu Hong-xiang Sun Hongsheng Chen Yihao Yang Zhen Gao Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology School of Physics and Electronics Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China SKLSM Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore State Key Laboratory of Acoustics Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China International Joint Innovation Center The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining 314400 China Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Jinhua 321099 China Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Shaoxing 312000 China

For the classification of topological phases of matter, an important consideration is whether a system is spinless or spinful, as these two classes have distinct symmetry algebra that gives rise to fundamentally different topological phases. However, only recently has it been realized theoretically that in the presence of gauge symmetry, the algebraic structure of symmetries can be projectively represented, which possibly enables the switch between spinless and spinful topological phases. Here, we report the experimental demonstration of this idea by realizing spinful topological phases in “spinless” acoustic crystals with projective space-time inversion symmetry. In particular, we realize a one-dimensional topologically gapped phase characterized by a 2Z winding number, which features double-degenerate bands in the entire Brillouin zone and two pairs of degenerate topological boundary modes. Our Letter thus overcomes a fundamental constraint on topological phases by spin classes.

关键词： Acoustics Edge states Topological insulators 1-dimensional systems Finite-element method Gauge symmetries Projective symmetries Tight-binding model

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Low-Velocity-Favored Transition Radiation

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第11期131卷 113002-113002页

作者： Jialin Chen Ruoxi Chen Fuyang Tay Zheng Gong Hao Hu Yi Yang Xinyan Zhang Chan Wang Ido Kaminer Hongsheng Chen Baile Zhang Xiao Lin Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center College of Information Science & Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China International Joint Innovation Center the Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining 314400 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Key Lab of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Jinhua 321099 China Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Shaoxing 312000 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore

When a charged particle penetrates through an optical interface, photon emissions emerge—a phenomenon known as transition radiation. Being paramount to fundamental physics, transition radiation has enabled many applications from high-energy particle identification to novel light sources. A rule of thumb in transition radiation is that the radiation intensity generally decreases with the decrease of particle velocity v; as a result, low-energy particles are not favored in practice. Here, we find that there exist situations where transition radiation from particles with extremely low velocities (e.g., v/c<10−3) exhibits comparable intensity as that from high-energy particles (e.g., v/c=0.999), where c is the light speed in free space. The comparable radiation intensity implies an extremely high photon extraction efficiency from low-energy particles, up to 8 orders of magnitude larger than that from high-energy particles. This exotic phenomenon of low-velocity-favored transition radiation originates from the interference of the excited Ferrell-Berreman modes in an ultrathin epsilon-near-zero slab. Our findings may provide a promising route toward the design of integrated light sources based on low-energy electrons and specialized detectors for beyond-standard-model particles.

关键词： Atom or molecule scattering from surfaces Atomic & molecular collisions Cherenkov radiation Crystal optics Electron beams & optics Light-matter interaction Optical sources & detectors Optical transient phenomena Plasmonics

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Tissue clearing and its applications in neuroscience (vol 21, pg 61, 2020)

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NATURE REVIEWS NEUROscience 2020年第5期21卷 298-298页

作者： Ueda, Hiroki R. Ertuerk, Ali Chung, Kwanghun Gradinaru, Viviana Chedotal, Alain Tomancak, Pavel Keller, Philipp J. Department of Systems Pharmacology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Laboratory for Synthetic Biology RIKEN BDR Suita Japan Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research Klinikum der Universität München Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich Munich Germany Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Helmholtz Zentrum München Neuherberg Germany Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich Germany Institute for Medical Engineering and Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Picower Institute for Learning and Memory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Eli & Edythe Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Center for NanoMedicine Institute for Basic Science Seoul Republic of Korea Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering Yonsei-IBS Institute Yonsei University Seoul Republic of Korea Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Institut de la Vision Sorbonne Université INSERM CNRS Paris France Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden Germany IT4Innovations Technical University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic Janelia Research Campus Howard Hughes Medical Institute Ashburn VA USA

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

关键词： Immunological techniques Light-sheet microscopy Neuroscience

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Observation of vortex-string chiral modes in metamaterials

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ma, Jingwen Jia, Ding Zhang, Li Guan, Yi-Jun Ge, Yong Sun, Hong-Xiang Yuan, Shou-Qi Chen, Hongsheng Yang, Yihao Zhang, Xiang Faculties of Science and Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China International Joint Innovation Center The Electromagnetics Academy Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining314400 China Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Jinhua321099 China Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Shaoxing312000 China State Key Laboratory of Acoustics Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

As a hypothetical topological defect in the geometry of spacetime, vortex strings play a crucial role in shaping the clusters of galaxies that exist today, and their distinct features can provide observable clues about the early universe’s evolution. A key feature of vortex strings is that they can interact with Weyl fermionic modes and support topological chiral-anomaly states with massless dispersions at the core of strings. To date, despite many attempts to detect vortex strings in astrophysics or to emulate them in artificially created systems, observation of these topological vortex-string chiral modes remains experimentally elusive. Here we report the experimental observation of such vortex-string chiral modes using a metamaterial system. This is implemented by inhomogeneous perturbation of a Yang-monopole phononic metamaterial. The measured linear dispersion and modal profiles confirm the existence of topological modes bound to and propagating along the vortex string with the chiral anomaly. Our work not only provides a platform for studying diverse cosmic topological defects in astrophysics but also offers intriguing device applications as topological fibres in signal processing and communication *** Codes No © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Vortex flow

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Regression models for the prediction of the influence of magnesium ions on primary endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation and migration

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Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 2025年

作者： Heike Helmholz Redon Resuli Marius Tacke Jalil Nourisa Sven Tomforde Roland Aydin Regine Willumeit-Römer Berit Zeller-Plumhoff Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholz-Zentrum Hereon Geesthacht Institute for Continuum and Material Mechanics Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Institute of Material Systems Modeling Helmholz-Zentrum Hereon Geesthacht Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Kiel University Kiel Kiel Nano Surface and Interface Science - KiNSIS Kiel University Germany Data-driven Analysis and Design of Materials Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technologies University of Rostock Germany Department Life Light & Matter Interdisciplinary Faculty University of Rostock Germany

Angiogenesis is one of the first stages in fracture healing and bone repair. Therefore, numerous studies evaluating the effect of Mg as a promising degradable, metallic biomaterial on the proliferation and function of endothelial cells have been performed. However, these studies lack methodological homogeneity and therefore differ in fundamental conclusions. Here, Mg-concentration-, donor- and cell age- dependent relations to primary human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) proliferation and migration were investigated systematically. The generated data were utilized to develop regression models in order to assess and predict the cell response on Mg exposition in a concentration range of 2-20 mM Mg in cell culture medium extract. A concentration of >2 mM already induced a detrimental effect in the sensitive primary HUVECs. Molecular data quantifying angiogenesis markers supported this finding. An increased migration capacity has been observed at a concentration of 10 mM Mg. We compared linear regression, random forests, support vector machines, neural networks and large language models for the prediction of HUVEC proliferation for a number of scenarios. Using these machine learning methods, we were able to predict the proliferation of HUVECs for missing Mg concentrations and for missing passages with mean absolute errors below 10% and as low as 8.5%, respectively. Due to strong differences between the cell behaviour of different donors, information for missing donors can be predicted with mean absolute errors of 15.7% only. Support vector machines with linear kernel performed best on the tested data, but large language models also showed promising results.

关键词： Regression models HUVEC cell proliferation Large Language Model

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Diffusive nonreciprocity and thermal diode

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Physical Review B 2021年第1期103卷 014307-014307页

作者： Ying Li Jiaxin Li Minghong Qi Cheng-Wei Qiu Hongsheng Chen Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China International Joint Innovation Center ZJU-UIUC Institute The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining 314400 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Singapore State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

Wave propagation and diffusion in linear materials preserve local reciprocity in terms of a symmetric Green's function. For wave propagations, the relation between the fields entering and leaving a system is more relevant than the detailed information about the fields inside it. In such cases, the global reciprocity of the scattering off a system through several ports is more important, which is defined as the symmetric transmission between the scattering channels. When a two-port system supports nonreciprocal (electromagnetic, acoustic) wave propagation, it is a (optical, phonon) diode directly following the definition. However, to date no concrete definition or discussion has been made on the global reciprocity of diffusive processes through a multiple-port system. It thus remains unclear what are the differences and relations between the three concepts, namely, local nonreciprocity, global nonreciprocity, and diode effect in diffusion. Here, we provide theoretical analysis on the frequency-domain Green's function and define the global reciprocity of heat diffusion through a two-port system, which has a different setup from that of a thermal diode. We further prove the equivalence between a heat transfer system with broken steady-state global reciprocity and a thermal diode, assuming no temperature-dependent heat generation. The validities of some typical mechanisms in breaking the diffusive reciprocity and making a thermal diode have been discussed. Our results set a general background for future studies on symmetric and asymmetric diffusive processes.

关键词： Diffusion Heat transfer Metamaterials Diodes Green's function methods

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