Electronic textiles hold the merits of high conformability with the human body and natural surrounding,possessing large market demand and wide application foreground in smart wearable and portable ***,their further ap...
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Electronic textiles hold the merits of high conformability with the human body and natural surrounding,possessing large market demand and wide application foreground in smart wearable and portable ***,their further application is largely hindered by the shortage of flexible and stable power sources with multifunctional ***,a free-standing ZnHCF@CF electrode(ZnHCF grown on carbon nanotube fiber)with good mechanical deformability and high electrochemical performance for aqueous fiber-shaped calcium ion battery(FCIB)is *** from the unique Ca^(2+)/H^(+)co-insertion mechanism,the ZnHCF@CF cathode can exhibit great ion storage capability within a broadened voltage *** pairing with a polyaniline(PANI)@CF anode,a ZnHCF@CF//PANI@CF FCIB is successfully fabricated,which exhibits a desirable volumetric energy density of 43.2mWh cm^(-3)and maintains superior electrochemical properties under different ***,the high-energy FCIB can be harmoniously integrated with a fiber-shaped strain sensor(FSS)to achieve real-time physiological monitoring on knees during long-running,exhibiting great promise for the practical application of electronic textiles.
Conjugated polymers are promising material candidates for many future applications in flexible displays, organic circuits, and sensors. Their performance is strongly affected by their structural conformation including...
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Conjugated polymers are promising material candidates for many future applications in flexible displays, organic circuits, and sensors. Their performance is strongly affected by their structural conformation including both electrical and optical anisotropy. Particularly for thin layers or close to crucial interfaces, there are few methods to track their organization and functional behaviors. Here we present a platform based on plasmonic nanogaps that can assess the chemical structure and orientation of conjugated polymers down to sub-10 nm thickness using light. We focus on a representative conjugated polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), of varying thickness (2-20 nm) while it undergoes redox in situ. This allows dynamic switching of the plasmonic gap spacer through a metal-insulator transition. Both dark-field (DF) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra track the optical anisotropy and orientation of polymer chains close to a metallic interface. Moreover, we demonstrate how this influences both optical and redox switching for nanothick PEDOT devices.
Alloying/doping is a widely used technique for improving the electrical,mechanical,and optical properties of ***,this technology induces significant distortions in the lattice structure,mass distribution,and potential...
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Alloying/doping is a widely used technique for improving the electrical,mechanical,and optical properties of ***,this technology induces significant distortions in the lattice structure,mass distribution,and potential field,greatly enhancing phonon ***,we introduce the concept of alloying/doping path and employ crystal symmetry,lattice deformation,and electron distribution to characterize *** on this new concept,the phonon thermal transport behavior in alloyed/doped materials can be well designed,and along different alloying/doping paths,the difference in thermal conductivity can be up to 45 *** one hand,strategic alloying/doping that combines high crystal symmetry,large lattice contraction,and the same electron distribution suppresses phonon-phonon scattering phase space,induces phonon stiffening,and bolsters electronic structure symmetry,*** synergistic effects significantly improve thermal *** the other hand,random alloying/doping has a low symmetry,leading to the typical“U”shape of alloying/doping level-dependent thermal *** theory is corroborated in three-dimensional(3D)Si,2D MoS_(2),and quasi-1D TiS_(3),affirming its efficacy and broad applicability in controlling phonon transport.
Currently,magnetic storage devices are encountering the problem of achieving lightweight and high integration in mobile computing devices during the information *** a result,there is a growing urgency for twodimension...
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Currently,magnetic storage devices are encountering the problem of achieving lightweight and high integration in mobile computing devices during the information *** a result,there is a growing urgency for twodimensional half-metallic materials with a high Curie temperature(TC).This study presents a theoretical investigation of the fundamental electromagnetic properties of the monolayer hexagonal lattice of Mn_(2)X_(3)(X=S,Se,Te).Additionally,the potential application of Mn_(2)X_(3) as magneto-resistive components is *** three of them fall into the category of ferromagnetic *** particular,the Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the TC of Mn2S3 reachs 381 K,noticeably greater than room *** findings present notable advantages for the application of Mn2S3 in spintronic ***,a prominent spin filtering effect is apparent when employing non-equilibrium Green’s function simulations to examine the transport *** resulting current magnitude is approximately 2×10^(4) nA,while the peak gigantic magnetoresistance exhibits a substantial value of 8.36×10^(16)%.It is noteworthy that the device demonstrates a substantial spin Seebeck effect when the temperature differential between the electrodes is *** brief,Mn_(2)X_(3) exhibits outstanding features as a highTC half-metal,exhibiting exceptional capabilities in electrical and thermal drives spin ***,it holds great potential for usage in spintronics applications.
Laser state active controlling is challenging under the influence of inherent loss and other nonlinear effects in ultrafast *** an extension of degree of freedom in optical devices based on low-dimensional materials m...
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Laser state active controlling is challenging under the influence of inherent loss and other nonlinear effects in ultrafast *** an extension of degree of freedom in optical devices based on low-dimensional materials may be a way ***,the anisotropic quasi-one-dimensional layered material Ta2PdS6 was utilized as a saturable absorber to modulate the nonlinear parameters effectively in an ultrafast system by polarization-dependent *** polarization-sensitive nonlinear optical response facilitates the Ta2PdS6-based mode-lock laser to sustain two types of laser states,i.e.,conventional soliton and noise-like *** laser state was switchable in the single fiber laser with a mechanism revealed by numerical *** coding was further demonstrated in this platform by employing the laser as a codable light *** work proposed an approach for ultrafast laser state active controlling with low-dimensional material,which offers a new avenue for constructing tunable on-fiber devices.
Inspired by the concept of superscattering in optics,we for the first time theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate the superscattering phenomenon in water *** subwavelength superscatterer is constructed b...
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Inspired by the concept of superscattering in optics,we for the first time theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate the superscattering phenomenon in water *** subwavelength superscatterer is constructed by multi-layered concentric cylinders with an inhomogeneous depth *** superscatterer breaks the long-held single-channel scattering limit by several times and thus significantly enhances the total scattering *** underlying mechanism originates from the near degeneracy of the resonances of multiple *** fabricate the superscatterer prototype and experimentally measure the near-field patterns,which are consistent with theoretical prediction and numerical *** study opens a new avenue to strengthen water-wave scattering and deepen the understanding in water waves,which can be useful for ocean energy harvesting and harbor protection.
Recent breakthroughs in deep learning have ushered in an essential tool for optics and photonics,recurring in various applications of material design,system optimization,and automation *** learning-enabled on-demand m...
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Recent breakthroughs in deep learning have ushered in an essential tool for optics and photonics,recurring in various applications of material design,system optimization,and automation *** learning-enabled on-demand metasurface design has been the subject of extensive expansion,as it can alleviate the time-consuming,low-efficiency,and experience-orientated shortcomings in conventional numerical simulations and physics-based ***,collecting samples and training neural networks are fundamentally confined to predefined individual metamaterials and tend to fail for large problem *** by object-oriented C++programming,we propose a knowledge-inherited paradigm for multi-object and shape-unbound metasurface inverse *** inherited neural network carries knowledge from the"parent"metasurface and then is freely assembled to construct the"offspring"metasurface;such a process is as simple as building a container-type *** benchmark the paradigm by the free design of aperiodic and periodic metasurfaces,with accuracies that reach 86.7%.Furthermore,we present an intelligent origami metasurface to facilitate compatible and lightweight satellite communication *** work opens up a new avenue for automatic metasurface design and leverages the assemblability to broaden the adaptability of intelligent metadevices.
Two-decade strides in metasurfaces have enabled a multitude of theoretical breakthroughs and experimental discoveries that outride established comprehension. Deep learning has recently found favor for expediting metas...
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Two-decade strides in metasurfaces have enabled a multitude of theoretical breakthroughs and experimental discoveries that outride established comprehension. Deep learning has recently found favor for expediting metasurface design and unearthing complex light-matter interactions, in contrast to resource-intensive numerical simulations. However, most “black box” algorithms lack enough discernment on parsing internal physical connections. Here, we propose a physical adversary channel to be complementary to gradient descent channel by embedding the Kramers-Kronig (KK) relations into a neural network, quantifying the inherent spectral contradictions at the output side. We evaluate the superiority of the KK-driven neural network in forward prediction and inverse metasurface design by modifying loss function and shaping probability distribution in latent space, respectively. The exceptional outcome suggests that the similarity between output and given spectra reaches up to 99.8% and maintains an extremely high fidelity even in a mutant band. Our work provides a physically explicable perspective to explain “black box” models, possibly reviving intelligent metasurface applications.
The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of metamaterials and metasurfaces. However, loss is still a challenging problem limiting numerous practical applications, including long-range wireless communicati...
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The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of metamaterials and metasurfaces. However, loss is still a challenging problem limiting numerous practical applications, including long-range wireless communications, superscattering, and non-Hermitian physics. Recently, great effort has been made to minimize the loss, however, they are too complicated for practical implementation and still restricted by the theoretical limit. Here, we propose and experimentally realize a tunable gain metasurface induced by negative conductivity, with deep theoretical analysis from scattering theory and equivalent circuits. In the experiment, we create metasurface samples embedded with tunable negative (or positive) conductivity to achieve adjustable gain (or loss). By varying the control bias voltages, the metasurfaces can reflect incident waves with additional controllable gain. Interestingly, we find the gain metasurfaces inherently pose nonlinearities, which are beneficial for nonlinear optics and microwave applications, particularly for the nonlinear activation of wave-based neural networks.
Being invisible ad libitum has long captivated the popular imagination,particularly in terms of safeguarding modern high-end instruments from potential *** ago,the advent of metamaterials and transformation optics spa...
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Being invisible ad libitum has long captivated the popular imagination,particularly in terms of safeguarding modern high-end instruments from potential *** ago,the advent of metamaterials and transformation optics sparked considerable interest in invisibility cloaks,which have been mainly demonstrated in ground and waveguide ***,an omnidirectional flying cloak has not been achieved,primarily due to the challenges associated with dynamic synthesis of metasurface *** demonstrate an autonomous aeroamphibious invisibility cloak that incorporates a suite of perception,decision,and execution modules,capable of maintaining invisibility amidst kaleidoscopic backgrounds and neutralizing external *** physical breakthrough lies in the spatiotemporal modulation imparted on tunable metasurfaces to sculpt the scattering field in both space and frequency *** intelligently control the spatiotemporal metasurfaces,we introduce a stochastic-evolution learning that automatically aligns with the optimal solution through maximum probabilistic *** a fully self-driving experiment,we implement this concept on an unmanned drone and showcase adaptive invisibility in three canonical landscapes-sea,land,and air-with a similarity rate of up to 95%.Our work extends the family of invisibility cloaks to flying modality and inspires other research on material discoveries and homeostatic meta-devices.
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