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Surface morphology engineering of Cu for nanoscale strain control in graphene

Surfaces and Interfaces 2025年 67卷

作者： Dong Jin Kim Cheolho Jeon Bo Hyeon Kim Jooyoung Yoon Seungryul Yoo Hwanuk Guim Yun Sung Woo Byung Hee Hong Joonhee Moon Program in Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University AbsSeoul 08826 Republic of Korea Graphene Square Inc. Suwon 16229 Republic of Korea Research Center for Materials Analysis Korea Basic Science Institute Daejeon 34133 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Dankook University Chungnam 3116 Republic of Korea Institute of Plasma Technology Korea Institute of Fusion Energy (KFE) Gunsan Jeollabuk-do 54004 South Korea Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea

The most promising method for synthesizing high-quality, large-scale graphene films involves chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of carbon-containing precursors onto Cu substrates. During graphene growth in a CVD system, the interaction between graphene and the Cu substrate leads to the formation of anisotropic Cu step bunches, driven by interfacial surface energy minimization and the release of compressive stress during thermal cooling. It is widely acknowledged that a smooth substrate is crucial for achieving high-quality graphene, as graphene strain and Cu surface roughening induce wrinkles when transferred onto a silicon wafer, which negatively impacts the quality. Here, we introduce a straightforward approach for controlling strain in graphene by engineering the Cu surface morphology through mechanical tension during the growth process. We achieve a uniform distribution of low compressive strain across the graphene layer by applying varying mechanical weights to the Cu foil. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy, we demonstrate that mechanical tension significantly reduces Cu surface roughness, providing a smoother interface for graphene growth. This work provides insights into the relationship between Cu surface structure and graphene strain, contributing to the optimization of substrate preparation for graphene synthesis and other related surface engineering applications.

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LM22A-4-loaded smart mesoporous balls enhance neuroprotection and functional recovery after ischemic stroke

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Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 2025年 183.0卷 117863-117863页

作者： Lee, Jae Ho Lee, Kyeong Hyeon Ryu, Ji Hyeon Kim, Min Jae Kim, Eunji Lee, Seo-Yeon Han, Sang-Cheol Choi, Byung Tae Shin, Yong-Il Shin, Hwa Kyoung Department of Korean Medical Science School of Korean Medicine Pusan National University Gyeongnam Yangsan 50612 South Korea Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy-Aging Pusan National University Gyeongnam Yangsan 50612 South Korea Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Medicine Pusan National University Gyeongnam Yangsan 50612 South Korea Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital Gyeongnam Yangsan 50612 South Korea Department of Pharmacology Wonkwang University School of Medicine Jeonbuk Iksan 54538 South Korea CEN Co. Ltd. Nano-Convergence Center 761 Muan-ro Miryang 50404 South Korea

Stroke is globally recognized as the second leading cause of death, significantly impairing both motor and cognitive functions. Enhancing regeneration after stroke is crucial for restoring these functions and necessitates strategies to promote neuroregeneration to achieve better post-stroke outcomes. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a key role in neuroregeneration by influencing motor ability, learning, memory, and rehabilitation after stroke. However, challenges such as the substantial protein size, short half-life of BDNF, and blood-brain barrier hinder its efficient delivery to the brain. In this study, LM22A-4, a BDNF mimetic, was utilized and delivered through a Smart Mesoporous Ball (SMB-3) system to target the ischemic injured brain and explore its potential therapeutic effects in a mouse ischemic stroke model. Treatment with LM22A-4-loaded SMB-3 (LM22A-4-SMB-3) markedly restored neurological, motor, and cognitive deficits following ischemic stroke compared to LM22A-4 alone. Additionally, administration of LM22A-4-SMB-3 reduced apoptotic cell death and glial activation, as evidenced by the TUNEL assay results, and decreased GFAP and Iba-1 expression levels. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of TrkB and Akt, but not that of Erk, was considerably increased in the LM22A-4-SMB-3-treated group. Treatment also enhanced the number of BrdU+/NeuN+ cells, with a marked reduction in post-stroke brain atrophy. These findings suggest that LM22A-4-SMB-3 can attenuate ischemic damage and recover neurological, motor, and cognitive functions by increasing p-TrkB and p-Akt levels and promoting neurogenesis. Therefore, SMB-3-mediated delivery of LM22A-4 presents a potentially applicable delivery system, and LM22A-4-SMB-3 use could be considered a novel therapeutic strategy to improve post-stroke outcomes. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： BDNF mimetic Drug delivery system Ischemic stroke LM22A-4 Smart mesoporous ball

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Nonlinear and nonreciprocal transport effects in untwinned thin films of ferromagnetic Weyl metal SrRuO3

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kar, Uddipta Lu, Elisha Cho-Hao Singh, Akhilesh Kr Reddy, P.V. Sreenivasa Han, Youngjoon Li, Xinwei Cheng, Cheng-Tung Yang, Song Lin, Chun-Yen Cheng, I-Chun Hsu, Chia-Hung Hsieh, David Lee, Wei-Cheng Guo, Guang-Yu Lee, Wei-Li Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Nankang Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Binghamton University BinghamtonNY13902 United States Department of Physics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Scientific Research Division National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu30076 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

The identification of distinct charge transport features, deriving from nontrivial bulk band and surface states, has been a challenging subject in the field of topological systems. In topological Dirac and Weyl semimetals, nontrivial conical bands with Fermi-arc surface states give rise to negative longitudinal magnetoresistance due to chiral anomaly effect and unusual thickness dependent quantum oscillation from Weyl-orbit effect, which were demonstrated recently in experiments. In this work, we report the experimental observations of large nonlinear and nonreciprocal transport effects for both longitudinal and transverse channels in an untwinned Weyl metal of SrRuO3 thin film grown on a SrTiO3 substrate. From rigorous measurements with bias current applied along various directions with respect to the crystalline principal axes, the magnitude of nonlinear Hall signals from the transverse channel exhibits a simple sinα dependence at low temperatures, where α is the angle between bias current direction and orthorhombic [001]o, reaching a maximum when current is along orthorhombic [11¯0]o. On the contrary, the magnitude of nonlinear and nonreciprocal signals in the longitudinal channel attains a maximum for bias current along [001]o, and it vanishes for bias current along [11¯0]o. The observed α-dependent nonlinear and nonreciprocal signals in longitudinal and transverse channels reveal a magnetic Weyl phase with an effective Berry curvature dipole along [11¯0]o from surface states, accompanied by 1D chiral edge modes along [001]o Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface states

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Saca chip enabled circulating tumor cell clusters phenotyping for cancer immunotherapy response monitoring 24

Saca chip enabled circulating tumor cell clusters phenotypin...

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24th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences, MicroTAS 2020

作者： Hsu, Chun-Jieh Kan, Yu-Chia Lee, Chun-Wei Wu, Jen-Kuei Lee, Kang-Yun Feng, Po-Hao Chang, Wei-Chiao Tseng, Fan-Gang Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taiwan Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taiwan Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University Taiwan Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan School of Pharmacy Department of Clinical Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781733419017

In the present study, we indicated that the detection of specific subtypes of circulating tumor microemboli (CTM) in post-operative patients could help predict cancer recurrence. By using conventional strategies for detection of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) circulating tumor cells, is significantly limited due to inherently heterogeneous and dynamic expression of EpCAM, and degradation of cytokeratins during epithelial-tomesenchymal transition. These lead to non-negligible false negative detection of "uncapturable and invisible" single CTCs. To solve the problem, we investigated the clinical significance of CTM subtypes, including single CTCs, multi-CTCs cluster, and WBC-CTCs cluster on SACA chip for studying cancer metastasis and recurrence in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. © 2020 CBMS-0001

关键词： Tumors

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Tunable spin Hall and spin Nernst effects in Dirac line-node semimetals XCuYAs (X=Zr,Hf;Y=Si,Ge)

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Physical Review Materials 2020年第12期4卷 124205-124205页

作者： Babu Baijnath Prasad Guang-Yu Guo Department of Physics and Center for Theoretical Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Republic of China Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Republic of China Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei 10617 Taiwan Republic of China

The quaternary arsenide compounds XCuYAs (X=Zr,Hf; Y=Si,Ge) belong to the vast family of the 1111-type quaternary compounds, which possess outstanding physical properties ranging from p-type transparent semiconductors to high-temperature Fe-based superconductors. In this paper, we study the electronic structure topology, the spin Hall effect (SHE), and the spin Nernst effect (SNE) in these compounds based on density functional theory calculations. First we find that the four considered compounds are Dirac semimetals with the nonsymmorphic symmetry-protected Dirac line nodes along the Brillouin zone boundary A−M and X−R and low density of states near the Fermi level (EF). Second, the intrinsic SHE and SNE in some of these considered compounds are found to be large. In particular, the calculated spin Hall conductivity (SHC) of HfCuGeAs is as large as −514(ℏ/e)(S/cm). The spin Nernst conductivity (SNC) of HfCuGeAs at room temperature is also large, being −0.73 (ℏ/e) (A/m K). Moreover, both the magnitude and sign of the SHC and SNC in these compounds can be manipulated by varying either the applied electric field direction or the spin current direction. The SHE and SNE in these compounds can also be enhanced by tuning the Fermi level via chemical doping or electric gating. Finally, a detailed analysis of the band-decomposed and k-resolved spin Berry curvatures reveals that these large SHC and SNC as well as their notable tunabilities originate largely from the presence of a large number of spin-orbit coupling-gapped Dirac points near the Fermi level as well as the gapless Dirac line nodes, which give rise to large spin Berry curvatures. Our findings thus suggest that the four XCuYAs compounds not only provide a valuable platform for exploring the interplay between SHE, SNE, and band topology, but they also have promising applications in spintronics and spin caloritronics.

关键词： Electronic structure First-principles calculations Topological materials

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Absence of superconductivity in micrometer-sized ɛ-NbN single crystals

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Physical Review B 2022年第17期105卷 174512-174512页

作者： Fan-Yun Chiu Tsu-Lien Hung Cheng-Yen Liu Ya-Hsin Pai Wei-Liang Chien Peng-Jen Chen Ting-Kuo Lee Ming-Jye Wang Min-Nan Ou Chang C. Tsuei Maw-Kuen Wu Chia-Seng Chang Yang-Yuan Chen Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 106319 Taiwan Republic of China Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 115201 Taiwan Republic of China Nano science and Technology program Taiwan International Graduate Program Taipei 115201 Taiwan Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106319 Taiwan Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China Department of Physics National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Republic of China Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Taipei 106319 Taiwan Republic of China Graduate Institute of Applied Physics National Chengchi University Taipei 116011 Taiwan Republic of China

It is important to study the properties of high quality single crystal in order to resolve the issue of an interesting material in which certain debatable fundamental properties exist. However, it is unfortunate that a sizable single crystal for experimental measurements is not always available. NbN is one of the examples; it has attracted scientific and engineering interest due to its diverse physical properties and a variety of structural phases. Until now superconductivity is only observed in cubic δ- and tetragonal γ-NbN but not in hexagonal ɛ-NbN. Recently, Zou et al. reported the observation of superconductivity with Tc∼11.6K in a hexagonal ɛ-NbN based on the measurement on a multiphase powder specimen. In order to resolve the issue, the work used the electron backscattering diffraction technique to characterize phases of micron-size NbN crystals from commercial powders and measure their transport properties. Our results unambiguously confirm that the hexagonal ɛ-NbN phase is not superconducting.

关键词： Electrical conductivity Specific heat Superconductors

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An Interfacial View of Cation Effects on Electrocatalysis Systems

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第43期135卷

作者： Prof. Hadi Khani Dr. Alain R. Puente Santiago Prof. Tianwei He Texas Materials Institute and Materials Science and Engineering Program The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China

The identity of alkali metal cations in the electrolyte of electrocatalysis systems has been recently introduced as a crucial factor to tailor the kinetics and Faradaic efficiency of many electrocatalytic reactions. In this Minireview, we have summarized the recent advances in the molecular-level understanding of cation effects on relevant electrocatalytic processes such as hydrogen evolution (HER), oxygen evolution (OER), and CO 2 electroreduction (CO 2 RR) reactions. The discussion covers the effects of electrolyte cations on interfacial electric fields, structural organization of interfacial water molecules, blocking the catalytic active sites, stabilization or destabilization of intermediates, and interfacial pHs. These cation-induced interfacial phenomena have been reported to impact the performance (activity, selectivity, and stability) of electrochemical reactions collaboratively or independently. We describe that although there is almost a general agreement on the relationship between the size of alkali cations and the activities of HER, OER, and CO 2 RR, however, the mechanism by which the performance of these electrocatalytic reactions is influenced by alkali metal cations is still in debate.

关键词： CO2 Electroreduction Cation Effect Electrical Double Layer Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Oxygen Evolution Reaction

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Microfluidic three-dimensional cell culture of stem cells for high-throughput analysis

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第10期11卷 803-816页

作者： Jeong Ah Kim Soohyun Hong Won Jong Rhee Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongju 28119South Korea Department of Bio-Analytical Science University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113South Korea Program in Biomicro System Technology Korea UniversitySeoul 02841South Korea Division of Bioengineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012South Korea Department of Bioengineering and Nano-Bioengineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012South Korea

Although the recent advances in stem cell engineering have gained a great deal of attention due to their high potential in clinical research,the applicability of stem cells for preclinical screening in the drug discovery process is still challenging due to difficulties in controlling the stem cell microenvironment and the limited availability of high-throughput ***,researchers have been actively developing and evaluating three-dimensional(3D)cell culture-based platforms using microfluidic technologies,such as organ-on-a-chip and organoid-on-a-chip platforms,and they have achieved promising breakthroughs in stem cell *** this review,we start with a comprehensive discussion on the importance of microfluidic 3D cell culture techniques in stem cell research and their technical strategies in the field of drug *** a subsequent section,we discuss microfluidic 3D cell culture techniques for high-throughput analysis for use in stem cell *** addition,some potential and practical applications of organ-on-a-chip or organoid-on-a-chip platforms using stem cells as drug screening and disease models are highlighted.

关键词： Stem cell Microfluidic technology Three-dimensional cell culture Highthroughput screening

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Ultra-streamlined single cell proteomics by all-in-one chip and data-independent-acquisition mass spectrometry

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Tu, Hsiung-Lin Gebreyesus, Sofani Tafesse Siyal, Asad Ali Kitata, Reta Birhanu Chen, Eric Sheng-Wen Enkhbayar, Bayarmaa Angata, Takashi Lin, Kuo-I Chen, Yu-Ju Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate program Nano Science and Technology program Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University Taiwan

Single cell proteomics provides the ultimate resolution to reveal cellular phenotypic heterogeneity and functional network underlying biological processes. Here, we present an ultra-streamlined workflow combining an integrated proteomic chip (iProChip) and data-independent-acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry for sensitive microproteomics analysis down to single cell level. The iProChip offers multiplexed and automated all-in-one station from cell isolation/counting/imaging to complete proteomic processing within a single device. By mapping to project-specific spectra libraries, the iProChip-DIA enables profiling of 1160 protein groups from triplicate analysis of a single mammalian cell. Furthermore, the applicability of iProChip-DIA was demonstrated using both adherent and non-adherent malignant cells, which reveals 5 orders of proteome coverage, highly consistent ~100-fold protein quantification (1-100 cells) and high reproducibility with low missing values ( © , CC BY.

关键词： Mass spectrometry

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Regulating COOH Intermediate via Rationally Constructed Surface-Active Sites of Bi2WO6for Solar-Driven CO2-to-CO Production (Adv. Funct. Mater. 23/2025)

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Advanced Functional Materials 2025年第23期35卷

作者： Nguyen Quoc Thang Amr Sabbah Raghunath Putikam Chih-Yang Huang Tsai-Yu Lin Mahmoud Kamal Hussien Heng-Liang Wu Ming-Chang Lin Chih-Hao Lee Kuei-Hsien Chen Li-Chyong Chen Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 15201 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Tabbin Institute for Metallurgical Studies Tabbin Helwan 109 Cairo 11421 Egypt Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University (NTU-MST) Taipei 10617 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) Academia Sincia Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut 71516 Egypt Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan

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