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SSrN 2025年

作者： Jang, Kyoung-Soon Kim, Min Sung Lee, Seulgidaun Park, Moonhee Jang, Hyemi Choi, Mira Lee, Ji Yi Song, Mijung Kim, Changhyuk Ahn, Junyoung Wu, Zhijun Natsagdorj, Amgalan Seo, Jungju Lee, Tae Kwon Kim, Young Hwan Digital Omics Research Center Korea Basic Science Institute Cheongju28119 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Engineering Yonsei University Wonju26493 Korea Republic of Division of Bio-Analytical Science University of Science and Technology Daejeon34113 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Jeonbuk National University Jeonju54896 Korea Republic of School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pusan National University Pusan46241 Korea Republic of Institute of Environment and Energy Pusan National University Pusan46241 Korea Republic of National Institute of Environmental Research Incheon22689 Korea Republic of College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Chemistry National University of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar14201 Mongolia Division of R&D Equipment Industry Korea Basic Science Institute Daejeon34133 Korea Republic of Research Center for Material Analysis Korea Basic Science Institute Daejeon34133 Korea Republic of Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology Chungnam National University Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of Department of Plant Science and Technology Chung-Ang University Anseong17546 Korea Republic of

Industrialization and urbanization in Northeast Asia have heightened PM2.5 pollution, posing significant public health risks. This study examined the spatial and chemical variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their ecotoxicity in winter PM2.5 from three capitals—Ulaanbaatar (UB, Mongolia), Beijing (BJ, China), and Seoul (SE, South Korea)—using two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF MS). PM2.5 samples collected between december 15, 2020 and January 14, 2021 revealed UB had the highest concentrations (85.7 ± 36.7 μg m-3) and PAH levels (758.9 ± 224.7 ng m-3), primarily from coal combustion and biomass burning. BJ (30.3 ± 16.9 μg m-3;41.4 ± 18.4 ng m-3) and SE (26.0 ± 14.4 μg m-3;6.2 ± 2.4 ng m-3) had lower PAH levels but a higher share of secondary products, including oxygenated (OPAHs) and nitrogen-containing PAHs (NPAHs). Overall, 646 PAH compounds were identified: UB was dominated by methylated alkyl and sulfur-containing PAHs, while BJ and SE had more hydroxylated and carbonylated PAHs. QSAr ecotoxicity analysis indicated the highest toxicity in SE from hydroxylated PAHs and a broader toxic range in UB. These findings support air quality strategies to reduce coal combustion in UB and secondary PAH formation in BJ and SE. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coal combustion

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Study on the Tensile and Bonding Properties between Cement-Based Grout Material and High-Strength Bolt

SSRN

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SSrN 2023年

作者： Liu, Peng Zhi, Weiting Mao, Jianfeng Liu, Lei Chen, Ying Yu, Zhiwu He, Sasa Zhang, Ning Hu, Cheng School of Civil Engineering Central South University 22 Shaoshan Road Changsha410075 China National Engineering Research Center for High Speed Railway Construction Changsha410075 China School of Civil Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology 498 Shaoshan Road Changsha410004 China School of Physical and Technology YiLi Normal University 448 Jiefang West Road Yining835000 China Central South University China Hunan Aircraft Landing System Technology R&D Co. Ltd. 29 Qingzhuhu Road Changsha410153 China

This study investigated the tensile and bonding properties between cement-based grouting materials (CBGM) and high-strength bolts. The associated failure mechanism, load-slip curve, ultimate pull-out load and bond stress were also studied. The effects of anchorage length and square steel tube restraint on the bonding properties were explored on the basis of 24 specimens central pull-out testing, and a bond stress-slip constitutive relationship model between high-strength bolts and CBGM was proposed. The results indicate that with the increase of the anchorage length of high-strength bolts, the failure mode of specimens can be divided into three types: the fracture failure of high-strength bolt was occurred with the anchorage lengths ranging from 18 d to 31 d;when the anchorage length was less than 15 d, the specimen occurred splitting failure with the constraint of square steel tube, and the high-strength bolt occurred pull-out failure without the constraint of square steel tube. When the high-strength bolt occurred the tensile failure, the ultimate pull-out load remains a constant and the bond stress decreases as the increase of the anchorage length of high-strength bolt. due to the lateral constrained effect of the square steel tube, the CBGM embodies a three-dimensional stress state, which can delay the generation and development of the internal cracks, and enhance the bond strength. A calculation formula was proposed to determine the bond strength between high-strength bolt and CBGM, and a constitutive model of the bond stress-slip constitutive relationship was also modeled. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mortar

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Context-Based Synthetic data for Logo recognition

Context-Based Synthetic Data for Logo Recognition

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International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Manufacturing (AIAM)

作者： Yuchao Jiang Chao Gao Lixin Ji Yancheng Wu National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center Zhengzhou China

In order to solve the problem of sparse training samples in logo recognition task, a multi-type context-based logo data synthesis algorithm is proposed. The algorithm comprehensively utilizes the local and full context of the logo object and the scene image to guide the synthesis of the logo image. The experimental results on the FlickrLogos-32 show that the proposed algorithm can greatly improve the performance of the logo recognition algorithm without relying on additional manual annotation, verify the validity of the synthesis algorithm, and further prove that multi-type context can improve the performance of the object recognition algorithm.

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A proactive defense mechanism for mobile communication user data

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第10期61卷 266-268页

作者： Caixia LIU Xinsheng JI Jiangxing WU Xiao QIN The National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Samuel Ginn College of EngineeringAuburn University

dear editor,Several studies have recently reported on major vulnerabilities in the Signaling system No.7 (SS7)used in mobile networks [1, 2]. The reported vulnerabilities and security issues would lead to the illegal acquisition and tampering of mobile communication user data, known as cellphone user data. The cellphone user data contain important information such as identity identification, location identification, security parameter-set. due to

关键词： A proactive defense mechanism for mobile communication user data MSISdN

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Structural total least squares algorithm for locating multiple disjoint sources based on AOA/TOA/FOA in the presence of system error

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Frontiers of Information technology & Electronic engineering 2018年第7期19卷 917-936页

作者： Xin CHEN ding WANG rui-rui LIU Jie-xin YIN Ying WU National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technology Research Center Zheng'zhou 450002 China Zhengzhou Institute of Information Science and Technology Zheng'zhou 450002 China

Single-station passive localization technology avoids the complex time synchronization and information exchange between multiple observatories, and is increasingly important in electronic warfare. Based on a single moving station localization system, a new method with high localization precision and numerical stability is proposed when the measurements from multiple disjoint sources are subject to the same station position and velocity displacement. According to the available measurements including the angle-of-arrival(AOA), time-of-arrival(TOA), and frequency-of-arrival(FOA), the corresponding pseudo linear equations are deduced. Based on this, a structural total least squares(STLS) optimization model is developed and the inverse iteration algorithm is used to obtain the stationary target location. The localization performance of the STLS localization algorithm is derived, and it is strictly proved that the theoretical performance of the STLS method is consistent with that of the constrained total least squares method under first-order error analysis, both of which can achieve the Cramér-rao lower bound accuracy. Simulation results show the validity of the theoretical derivation and superiority of the new algorithm.

关键词： Single-station Structural total least squares Inverse iteration Angle-of-arrival （AOA） Time-of-arrival （TOA） Frequency-of-arrival （FOA） disjoint sources

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Fast multipath jump algorithms for security constraints

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International Journal of Performability engineering 2019年第8期15卷 2199-2207页

作者： Huang, Wanwei Chen, Yang Zhang, Jianwei du, Chunfeng Wang, Sunan Software Engineering College Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou450002 China School of Computer and Communication Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou450002 China National Digital Switching System Engineering Technology Research Center Zhengzhou450002 China School of Electronics and Communication Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic College Shenzhen518055 China

Transmission path jump can effectively resist network reconnaissance attacks by fragmented data transmission. However, most of the existing path jump models are based on SMT or game theory, which results in an exponential increase of computing time with network size. An efficient path generation algorithm for active random routing is proposed. Firstly, based on the global view of the network defined by the software, the paths of multiple streams are randomly changed actively and concurrently to resist reconnaissance, eavesdropping, and doS attacks. Secondly, the traditional path calculation algorithm is re-modelled to satisfy the capacity, security, and QoS constraints of the K path generated, while improving the computational efficiency. Then, the optimal K value is solved, and the security effect of dynamic path is analysed. Finally, simulation results based on typical network topology show that the proposed algorithm can avoid and defend against malicious eavesdropping by attackers and improve the computational efficiency. © 2019 Totem Publisher, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational efficiency

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Cloud-magnetic resonance imaging system: In the era of 6G and artificial intelligence

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Magnetic resonance Letters 2025年 57-68页

作者： Yirong Zhou Yanhuang Wu Yuhan Su Jing Li Jianyu Cai Yongfu You Jianjun Zhou di Guo Xiaobo Qu Department of Electronic Science Intelligent Medical Imaging R&D Center Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine Xiamen University Department of Electronic Science Key Laboratory of Digital Fujian on IoT Communication Xiamen University Shanghai Electric Group Co. Ltd China Telecom Group China Mobile Group Department of Radiology Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen) Fudan University Xiamen Municipal Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project (Medical Imaging Department) Xiamen Key Laboratory of Clinical Transformation of Imaging Big Data and Artificial Intelligence School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology

Magnetic resonance imaging(MrI) plays an important role in medical diagnosis,generating petabytes of image data annually in large *** voluminous data stream requires a significant amount of network bandwidth and extensive storage ***,local data processing demands substantial manpower and hardware *** isolation across different healthcare institutions hinders crossinstitutional collaboration in clinics and *** this work,we anticipate an innovative MrI system and its four generations that integrate emerging distributed cloud computing,6G bandwidth,edge computing,federated learning,and blockchain *** system is called Cloud-MrI,aiming at solving the problems of MrI data storage security,transmission speed,artificial intelligence(AI) algorithm maintenance,hardware upgrading,and collaborative *** workflow commences with the transformation of k-space raw data into the standardized Imaging Society for Magnetic resonance in Medicine raw data(ISMrMrd) ***,the data are uploaded to the cloud or edge nodes for fast image reconstruction,neural network training,and automatic ***,the outcomes are seamlessly transmitted to clinics or research institutes for diagnosis and other *** Cloud-MrI system will save the raw imaging data,reduce the risk of data loss,facilitate inter-institutional medical collaboration,and finally improve diagnostic accuracy and work efficiency.

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Natural-logarithm-rectified activation function in convolutional neural networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Liu, Yang Zhang, Jianpeng Gao, Chao Qu, Jinghua Ji, Lixin National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological R&D Center Zhengzhou450002 China

Activation functions play a key role in providing remarkable performance in deep neural networks, and the rectified linear unit (reLU) is one of the most widely used activation functions. Various new activation functions and improvements on reLU have been proposed, but each carry performance drawbacks. In this paper, we propose an improved activation function, which we name the natural-logarithm-rectified linear unit (NLreLU). This activation function uses the parametric natural logarithmic transform to improve reLU and is simply defined as f (x) = ln(β. max(0, x) + 1.0). NLreLU not only retains the sparse activation characteristic of reLU, but it also alleviates the "dying reLU" and vanishing gradient problems to some extent. It also reduces the bias shift effect and heteroscedasticity of neuron data distributions among network layers in order to accelerate the learning process. The proposed method was verified across ten convolutional neural networks with different depths for two essential datasets. Experiments illustrate that convolutional neural networks with NLreLU exhibit higher accuracy than those with reLU, and that NLreLU is comparable to other well-known activation functions. NLreLU provides 0.16% and 2.04% higher classification accuracy on average compared to reLU when used in shallow convolutional neural networks with the MNIST and CIFAr-10 datasets, respectively. The average accuracy of deep convolutional neural networks with NLreLU is 1.35% higher on average with the CIFAr-10 dataset. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical activation

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A High Gain Low Cross Polarization Fabry-Perot Cavity Antenna designed by Strip Line AMC Ground 10

A High Gain Low Cross Polarization Fabry-Perot Cavity Antenn...

引用

10th International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave technology, ICMMT 2018

作者： Wu, Jun-rno Zhou, dong-Fang Lei, Xue Gao, Jun Hu, Hao-rning Zhang, Zhi-Yong National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological R and D Center Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538624166

A high gain low cross polarization Fabry-Perot cavity antenna (FPCA) designed by AMC ground is presented in this paper. In particular, a strip line AMC ground is used to replace the PEC ground in order to reduce the cross polarization level of the FPCA. A compact single layer FPCA with a dimension of 4.2λ0× 4.2λ0 and a profile of 0.5λ0 is designed and simulated. The proposed antenna can reach a peak gain of 20.8dBi at 12.5GHz and the cross polarization level in the 3dB beam-width is below -40dB. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Strip telecommunication lines

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A high gain Fabry-Perot cavity antenna designed by modified ray tracking model 14

A high gain Fabry-Perot cavity antenna designed by modified ...

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14th IEEE International Workshop on Antenna technology, iWAT2018

作者： Wu, Jun-Mo Zhou, dong-Fang Lei, Xue Gao, Jun Hu, Hao-Ming National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological R and D Center Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538618516

A high gain Fabry-Perot cavity antenna (FPCA) designed by modified ray tracking model(MrTM) is presented in this paper. In particular, the conventional ray tracking is modified in order to calculate the electric field distribution on the partially reflective surface(PrS). Furthermore, the dependence of the magnitude of PrS reflection coefficients on aperture efficiency is studied, which shows that an optimal magnitude exists on aperture efficiency for a fixed size FPCA. By using the optimized reflection coefficient, a final compact single layer FPCA with a dimension of 6.25λ0 × 6.25λ0 and a profile of 0.5λ0 is designed. The proposed antenna can reach a peak gain of 24.0dBi at 12.5GHz and an aperture efficiency of 51.2%. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： reflection

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