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Network analysis and spatial agglomeration of China’s high-speed rail: A dual network approach

Chinese Physics B 2021年第1期30卷 612-622页

作者： Wei Wang Wen-Bo Du Wei-Han Li Lu(Carol)Tong Jiao-E Wang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Traffic Beijing 100191China School of Cyber Science and Technology Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Research Institute of Frontier Science Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

China has the largest high-speed railway(HSR) system in the world, and it has gradually reshaped the urban *** HSR system can be represented as different types of networks in terms of the nodes and various relationships(i.e.,linkages) between them. In this paper, we first introduce a general dual network model, including a physical network(PN)and a logical network(LN) to provide a comparative analysis for China’s high-speed rail network via complex network theory. The PN represents a layout of stations and rail tracks, and forms the basis for operating all trains. The LN is a network composed of the origin and destination stations of each high-speed train and the train flows between them. China’s high-speed railway(CHSR) has different topological structures and link strengths for PN in comparison with the LN. In the study, the community detection is used to analyze China’s high-speed rail networks and several communities are found to be similar to the layout of planned urban agglomerations in China. Furthermore, the hierarchies of urban agglomerations are different from each other according to the strength of inter-regional interaction and intra-regional interaction, which are respectively related to location and spatial development strategies. Moreover, a case study of the Yangtze River Delta shows that the hub stations have different resource divisions and are major contributors to the gap between train departure and arrival flows.

关键词： China’s high-speed rail dual network network analysis urban agglomeration

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Graph Condensation for Inductive Node Representation Learning 40

Graph Condensation for Inductive Node Representation Learnin...

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40th IEEE International Conference on data engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： Gao, Xinyi Chen, Tong Zang, Yilong Zhang, Wentao Hung Nguyen, Quoc Viet Zheng, Kai Yin, Hongzhi The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia Kaiserslautern Germany Peking University Beijing China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Beijing China Griffith University Gold Coast Australia University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

Graph neural networks (GNNs) encounter significant computational challenges when handling large-scale graphs, which severely restricts their efficacy across diverse applications. To address this limitation, graph condensation has emerged as a promising technique, which constructs a small synthetic graph for efficiently training GNNs while retaining performance. However, due to the topology structure among nodes, graph condensation is limited to condensing only the observed training nodes and their corresponding structure, thus lacking the ability to effectively handle the unseen data. Consequently, the original large graph is still required in the inference stage to perform message passing to inductive nodes, resulting in substantial computational demands. To overcome this issue, we propose mapping-aware graph condensation (MCond), explicitly learning the one-to-many node mapping from original nodes to synthetic nodes to seamlessly integrate new nodes into the synthetic graph for inductive representation learning. This enables direct information propagation on the synthetic graph, which is much more efficient than on the original large graph. Specifically, MCond employs an alternating optimization scheme with innovative loss terms from transductive and inductive perspectives, facilitating the mutual promotion between graph condensation and node mapping learning. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in inductive inference. On the Reddit dataset, MCond achieves up to 121.5× inference speedup and 55.9× reduction in storage requirements compared with counterparts based on the original graph. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Condensation

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Web Service Discovery Based on Knowledge Graph and Similarity Network

Web Service Discovery Based on Knowledge Graph and Similarit...

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IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES)

作者： Yang Yu Jun Zeng Juan Yao Junhao Wen Bin Xing School of Big Data & Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China Chongqing Innovation Center of Industrial Big-Data Co. Ltd National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-data Application Technology Chongqing China

The following topics are dealt with: cloud computing; mobile computing; Internet; learning (artificial intelligence); Internet of Things; Web services; software engineering; optimisation; workflow management software;... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781728182032

ISBN: (纸本)9781728182049

关键词： Knowledge engineering Web services Semantics Neural networks Feature extraction data mining Context modeling

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Image Recognition of Concrete Electromagnetic Flaw Detection Based on Improved YOLOv7 24

Image Recognition of Concrete Electromagnetic Flaw Detection...

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7th International Conference on Image and Graphics Processing, ICIGP 2024

作者： Yuan, Shuai Yuan, Ze He, Kai School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University China Liaoning Province Big Data Management and Analysis Laboratory of Urban Construction China Shenyang Branch of National Special Computer Engineering Technology Research Center China School of Electrical and Control Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716720

Owing to the invisibility characteristics of the interiors of concrete structures, nondestructive testing technologies are commonly employed to detect internal damage. Electromagnetic flaw detection technology, as a prominent nondestructive testing method, offers capabilities of strong penetration and precise imaging. However, the output images produced by this detection technology are usually reliant on subjective human judgment, and existing automatic detection algorithms have limitations in terms of accuracy. To enhance the accuracy of electromagnetic flaw detection images, this paper proposes improved YOLOv7 based detection method. First of all, the ACBlock convolution module is introduced to replace the original 3×3 convolution kernel for alleviating the loss of edge feature information caused by the sampling operation of the backbone network MP module. Next, in order to have more focus on the semantic features of small targets, a global attention mechanism (GAMAttention) is incorporated into the algorithm. Then, the FReLU activation function is adopted to enhance the algorithm sensitivity to image space. Finally, experiments are conducted on a self-created concrete flaw detection image dataset to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the mean Average Precision (mAP) value achieved by the improved algorithm is 95.85%. which has a significant improvement of 13.89% in comparison with the pre-improved YOLOv7 algorithm and surpasses other algorithms in the same domain. These findings represent that the proposed algorithm effectively enhances the accuracy of concrete electromagnetic flaw detection image detection. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Nondestructive examination

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Improved Power Conversion Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells Induced by Dual Interface Passivation

Improved Power Conversion Efficiency and Stability of Perovs...

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2023 International Conference on Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, ICOMD 2023

作者： Guan, Nianci Han, Qizhuo Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an710072 China The School of Computer Science National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground- Ocean Big Data Application Technology Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Speech and Image Information Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an710072 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674509

Efficient and stable Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been successfully produced using a dual-layer modified (DLM) perovskite thin film. This method simultaneously modifies both the bottom (SnO2/perovskite) and top (perovskite/SpiroOMeTAD) interfaces of the perovskite. The crystallinity of the perovskite film is enhanced after the DLM treatment. Additionally, thin barrier layers are formed on both its bottom and top surfaces, which reduce surface defect density and non-radiative recombination of carriers. The bottom and top modifier layers prevent direct contact between the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, forming a high-energy barrier that promotes carrier transmission in PSCs. Consequently, the methylammonium acetate (MAAc)-PSC achieves an efficiency of 21.96%. © 2024 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells

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WheatNet: Attentional Path Aggregation Feature Pyramid Network for Precise Detection and Counting of Dense and Arbitrary-Oriented Wheat Spikes

IEEE Transactions on AgriFood Electronics

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IEEE Transactions on AgriFood Electronics 2024年第2期2卷 606-616页

作者： Jiao, Lin Liu, Qihuang Liu, Haiyun Chen, Peng Wang, Rujing Liu, Kang Dong, Shifeng Anhui University School of Internet Hefei230031 China Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis and Application Hefei230031 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Intelligent Machines Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Hefei230031 China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230031 China Anhui University National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis and Application Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province School of Internet Hefei230601 China Anhui University Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Hefei230601 China Chinese Academy of Science Institute of Intelligent Machines Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Hefei230031 China University of Sheffield Department of Computer Science SheffieldS10 2TN United Kingdom Institute of Dataspace Hefei230093 China

Achieving the precise and real-time detection of wheat spikes play a crucial role in wheat growth monitoring for precision agriculture community. Machine-learning methods are commonly introduced to automatically detect and count the wheat spikes, which need carefully selected hand-crafted feature descriptors, leading to time-consuming and poor performance. The deep learning has become a promising technology for the accurate detection wheat spikes, owing to its powerful ability of feature extraction. However, the obtained wheat spike images from UAV still have serious overlap, dense distribution, various orientations, and large aspect ratios, leading to poor performance of recent wheat spike detection method. To address the demand of precise and fast detection and counting of wheat spike with dense distribution and arbitrary-orientation, a novel deep learning-based method, WheatNet, has been proposed. The attention mechanism has been introduced the process of feature fusing to highlight the important features of wheat spike as well as inhibit the useless information. Additionally, to optimize the parameters of the network, a loss function with soft dynamic label assignment is adopted to reduce the number of low-quality matches, which provides significant performance gains over other wheat spike detectors. Furthermore, to achieve the precise detection of wheat spike with multi-orientations, a large-scale oriented wheat spike dataset has been constructed, named RoWheat, including 900 images and 50419 annotations with dense distribution and various orientation. Experimental studies demonstrate that the proposed WheatNet achieves a recall of 99.7% and mAP of 91.8%, showing its promising performance gain compared to other state-of-the-art methods. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image annotation

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Life cycle assessment of lead production in China

Life cycle assessment of lead production in China

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Chinese Materials Conference, 2018

作者： Sun, Wanyi Gong, Xianzheng Sun, Boxue Ding, Qing College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Technology 100 Ping Le Yuan Chaoyang District Beijing China National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-data Application Technology 100 Ping Le Yuan Chaoyang District Beijing China China National Institute of Standardization 4 Zhi Chun Road Haidian District Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783035713848

This study analyzed the environmental impacts due to lead production in China, which is the largest producer and consumer of lead in the world, by the method of life cycle assessment (LCA). Based on the Chinese refined lead smelting process, a process-based life cycle assessment model was established to assess the environmental load of lead production system which includes the processes of mining, beneficiation, smelting, electrorefining and transportation. The result shows that the cumulative consumption of electricity and the cumulative emission of greenhouse gases for the production of 1t of refined lead are 1111.93kWh and 2.06E+03kg CO2 eq, respectively. Smelting process is the largest contributor to the environmental impact load, accounting for 51.16% of the total environmental impact. The environmental category of human toxicity potential(HTP), accounting for 35.26% of the total environmental impact, is the largest contributor between different environmental categories to the total environmental impact, followed by metal depletion potential(MDP) and fossil depletion potential(FDP), accounting for 27.94% and 11.80% of the total environmental impact, respectively. Improving the resource efficiencies of the processes of smelting and beneficiation, and using cleaner energy to generate electricity are the key approaches to reduce the overall environmental impact of lead production in China. © 2019 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Life cycle

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BurstBalancer: Do Less, Better Balance for Large-scale data Center Traffic

BurstBalancer: Do Less, Better Balance for Large-scale Data ...

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International Conference on Network Protocols

作者： Zirui Liu Yikai Zhao Zhuochen Fan Tong Yang Xiaodong Li Ruwen Zhang Kaicheng Yang Zheng Zhong Yi Huang Cong Liu Jing Hu Gaogang Xie Bin Cui National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis Technology and Application School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China Huawei Technologies CNIC CAS

ISBN: (数字)9781665482349

ISBN: (纸本)9781665482356

Layer-3 load balancing is a key topic in the networking field. It is well acknowledged that flowlet is the most promising solution because of its good trade-off between load balance and packet reordering. However, we find its one significant limitation: it makes the forwarding paths of flows unpredictable. To address this limitation, this paper presents BurstBalancer, a simple yet efficient load balancing system with a sketch, named BalanceSketch. Our design philosophy is doing less changes to keep the forwarding path of most flows fixed, which guides the design of BalanceSketch and balance operations. We have fully implemented BurstBalancer in a small-scale testbed built with Tofino switches, and conducted large-scale NS-2 simulations. Our results show that BurstBalancer achieves 5%∼35% smaller FCT than LetFlow in symmetric topology and up to 30× smaller FCT in asymmetric topology, while 58× fewer flows suffer from path changing. All related codes are open-sourced at Github 2 2 https://***/BurstBalancer/Burst-Balancer.

关键词： data centers Philosophical considerations Protocols Codes Network topology Load management Topology

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Life cycle assessment of comprehensive utilization of calcium carbide slag in cement kiln 20th

Life cycle assessment of comprehensive utilization of calciu...

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20th Chinese Materials Conference, CMC 2019

作者： Lin, Xinping Liu, Aiwei Feng, Yunfa Chen, Qiling Chen, Tao Hao, Liwei Li, Xiaoqing National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-data Application Technology Beijing100124 China Beijing University of Technology The Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of Education of China Beijing100124 China Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials Beijing100041 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783035715668

The recycling utilization of solid waste is an important technical means for the sustainable development of the cement industry in China. Calcium carbide slag is a special solid waste in China, which can be used for cement production with a great advantage on CO2 emission reduction. With an view to providing methodological and data support for the development of policies in the cement industry, this paper quantitatively analyzes the environmental effects/environmental benefits of the comprehensive utilization of calcium carbide slag in cement kiln by comparing the traditional system of Portland cement clinker completely produced by natural resources with the system of cement clinker produced by calcium carbide slag based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) method given in standards and specifications of ISO 14040 series. The results show that the latter system has a better effect in material saving and carbon emission reduction, will increase the energy consumption in cement production process, and also slightly increase other pollutants (e.g. SOx, NOx, etc.) emission. The GWP, AP and EP indicators of the calcium carbide slag cement clinker system decrease compared with those of the Portland cement clinker system, while other indicators do not differ much or even slightly increase. © 2020 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Slags

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Study on Structural Stability of Black Phosphorus/Bismuth Oxysulfide/Tungsten Trioxide Heterojunction Based on XRD Measurement 5

Study on Structural Stability of Black Phosphorus/Bismuth Ox...

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2022 5th International Conference on Power Electronics and Control engineering, ICPECE 2022

作者： He, Xinyi Xiong, Yi Zhao, Meng Zeng, Wei Industry-Education-Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology for Integrated Circuits National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis and Application School of Electronics and Information Engineering Anhui University Anhui Hefei230601 China School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Department of Microelectronics National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production Wuhan Textile University Hubei Wuhan430073 China

X-ray diffraction is employed to characterize the black phosphorus/bismuth oxysulfide/tungsten trioxide heterojunction composites to explore the alterations in crystallite size and micro-strain. The sample is immersed in sodium sulfite and tested each week. The Scherrer formula and Williamson-Hall plots are used to explore the effect of black phosphorus on improving the stability of the bismuth oxysulfide/tungsten trioxide heterojunction. The results show that the structure of black phosphorus/bismuth oxysulfide/tungsten trioxide heterojunction has changed as follows. The value of crystallite size of tungsten trioxide decreases from 13.82 nm to 9.23 nm, then to 7.45 nm per week, while the value of compressive micro-strain of WO3 increases from -2.02×10-3 to -7.58×10-3, then to -8.93×10-3. It illustrates that the lattice constant of WO3 is compressed due to the lattice mismatch. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Tungsten compounds

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