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arXiv 2021年

作者： Qiu, Zhen Zhang, Yifan Lin, Hongbin Niu, Shuaicheng Liu, Yanxia Du, Qing Tan, Mingkui School of Software Engineering South China University of Technology School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Robot Ministry of Education Pazhou Laboratory

We study a practical domain adaptation task, called source-free unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) problem, in which we cannot access source domain data due to data privacy issues but only a pre-trained source model and unlabeled target data are available. This task, however, is very difficult due to one key challenge: the lack of source data and target domain labels makes model adaptation very challenging. To address this, we propose to mine the hidden knowledge in the source model and exploit it to generate source avatar prototypes (i.e., representative features for each source class) as well as target pseudo labels for domain alignment. To this end, we propose a Contrastive Prototype Generation and Adaptation (CPGA) method. Specifically, CPGA consists of two stages: (1) prototype generation: by exploring the classification boundary information of the source model, we train a prototype generator to generate avatar prototypes via contrastive learning. (2) prototype adaptation: based on the generated source prototypes and target pseudo labels, we develop a new robust contrastive prototype adaptation strategy to align each pseudo-labeled target data to the corresponding source prototypes. Extensive experiments on three UDA benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： data privacy

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ScalaBFS: A scalable BFS accelerator on HBM-enhanced FPGAs

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Kexin Liu, Chenhao Shao, Zhiyuan Wang, Zeke Wu, Minkang Chen, Jiajie Liao, Xiaofei Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan30074 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Artificial Intelligence Zhejiang University China

High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) provides massive aggregated memory bandwidth by exposing multiple memory channels to the processing units. To achieve high performance, an accelerator built on top of an FPGA configured with HBM (i.e., FPGA-HBM platform) needs to scale its performance according to the available memory channels. In this paper, we propose an accelerator for BFS (Breadth-First Search) algorithm, named as ScalaBFS, that builds multiple processing elements to sufficiently exploit the high bandwidth of HBM to improve efficiency. We implement the prototype system of ScalaBFS and conduct BFS in both real-world and synthetic scale-free graphs on Xilinx Alveo U280 FPGA card real hardware. The experimental results show that ScalaBFS scales its performance almost linearly according to the available memory pseudo channels (PCs) from the HBM2 subsystem of U280. By fully using the 32 PCs and building 64 processing elements (PEs) on U280, ScalaBFS achieves a performance up to 19.7 GTEPS (Giga Traversed Edges Per Second). When conducting BFS in sparse real-world graphs, ScalaBFS achieves equivalent GTEPS to Gunrock running on the state-of-art Nvidia V100 GPU that features 64-PC HBM2 (twice memory bandwidth than U280). Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Robust Self-Expression Learning with Adaptive Noise Perception

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Yangbo Zhou, Jie Lu, Jianglin Wan, Jun Gao, Can Lin, Qingshui College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China SZU Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen518060 China SMILE Lab Department of ECE College of Engineering Northeastern University Boston02115 United States School of Information and Safety Engineering Zhongnan University of Economics and Law Wuhan430073 China Basic Teaching Department Liaoning Technical University Huludao125105 China

Self-expression learning methods often obtain a coefficient matrix to measure the similarity between pairs of samples. However, directly using the raw data to represent each sample under the self-expression framework may not be ideal, as noise points are inevitably involved in the process of representing clean samples. To address this issue, this work proposes a novel self-expression model called robust Self-Expression learning with adaptive Noise Perception (SENP). SENP decomposes each sample into a clean part and a noisy part, and samples with large self-expression losses can be recognized as the noise points. A reliable coefficient matrix can then be learned by using only the clean points to reconstruct the clean part of each sample. By simultaneously detecting the noisy part of each sample and noise points, and adaptively mitigating their negative impacts, the representative ability of the generated coefficient matrix is improved. Moreover, inspired by the solution of non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), an effective algorithm is formed to optimize SENP. Extensive experiments on well-known benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of SENP compared to several state-of-the-art methods. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Non-negative matrix factorization

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Unsupervised feature selection via self-paced learning and low-redundant regularization

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Weiyi Chen, Hongmei Li, Tianrui Wan, Jihong Sang, Binbin School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong University China National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Southwest Jiaotong University China

Much more attention has been paid to unsupervised feature selection nowadays due to the emergence of massive unlabeled data. The distribution of samples and the latent effect of training a learning method using samples in more effective order need to be considered so as to improve the robustness of the method. Self-paced learning is an effective method considering the training order of samples. In this study, an unsupervised feature selection is proposed by integrating the framework of self-paced learning and subspace learning. Moreover, the local manifold structure is preserved and the redundancy of features is constrained by two regularization terms. L2,1/2-norm is applied to the projection matrix, which aims to retain discriminative features and further alleviate the effect of noise in the data. Then, an iterative method is presented to solve the optimization problem. The convergence of the method is proved theoretically and experimentally. The proposed method is compared with other state of the art algorithms on nine real-world datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the performance of clustering methods and outperform other compared algorithms. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Understanding the Long-Distance Travel Mobility of Passengers Based on big Railway data: Travel Network and Motif Perspectives

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Xu, Jin Song, Haonan Lu, Zhaoyang Department of Information System & Operation Management School of Economics and Management Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Chengdu China National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Sichuan Chengdu China Service Science and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Chengdu China

With the booming construction of new railway lines and stations in China, the number of railway passengers is increasing. The large railway population shows certain mobility characteristics that we are interested in clarifying. Based on the theory of complex networks, this paper proposes a novel method to identify travel patterns from big railway data, which associates travel motifs with travel networks. This paper derives some meaningful results from the data analysis of more than three million railway travel records of a city in China. These results illustrate that higher motif complexity leads to a narrower travel radius for motif-based subnets. The higher the stability of the travel sequence is, the shorter the average length of the sequence. Four types of travel patterns are identified and classified by analyzing the motif of travel activities, i.e., labor, tourism, surrounding and commuting. The methodology and findings presented in this paper contribute to a better understanding of the long-distance travel mobility of railway passengers. The method designed in this paper can also be used to analyze traffic data from airlines, buses, subways, etc. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

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CKG: Dynamic Representation Based on Context and Knowledge Graph

CKG: Dynamic Representation Based on Context and Knowledge G...

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Xunzhu Tang Tiezhu Sun Rujie Zhu Shi Wang National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Momenta Suzhou China University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy beijing China

Recently, neural language representation models pre-trained on large corpus can capture rich co-occurrence information and be fine-tuned in downstream tasks to improve the performance. As a result, they have achieved state-of-the-art results in a large range of language tasks. However, there exists other valuable semantic information such as similar, opposite, or other possible meanings in external knowledge graphs (KGs). We argue that entities in KGs could be used to enhance the correct semantic meaning of language sentences. In this paper, we propose a new method CKG: Dynamic Representation Based on Context and Knowledge Graph. On the one side, CKG can extract rich semantic information of large corpus. On the other side, it can make full use of inside information such as co-occurrence in large corpus and outside information such as similar entities in KGs. We conduct extensive experiments on a wide range of tasks, including QQP, MRPC, SST-5, SQuAD, CoNLL 2003, and SNLI. The experiment results show that CKG achieves SOTA 89.2 on SQuAD compared with SAN (84.4), ELMo (85.8), and BERTBase (88.5).

关键词： Semantics data mining Task analysis Context modeling

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Reconstructing Missing Modalities in Multi-Modal Endoscopic Ultrasound Via Cross-Modal Feature Replacement Representation

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zheng, Cenyang Gong, Xun Fan, Lin Li, Jiao School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Chengdu611756 China Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Intelligent Transportation Ministry of Education Chengdu611756 China National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu611756 China Manufacturing Industry Chains Collaboration and Information Support Technology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu611756 China Department of Gastroenterology The Third People’s Hospital of Chendu Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu610031 China

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is the primary diagnostic imaging technique for gastrointestinal stromal tumors. However, accurately identifying these tumors through EUS imaging alone remains challenging, even for experienced clinicians. They often rely on additional data, such as white light endoscopy (WLE) and EUS text reports, to aid in the diagnosis. Unfortunately, in practice, these supplementary modalities are sometimes overlooked during patient evaluation. To address these issues, we propose the Cross-modal Feature Reconstruction Network (CFRN), which integrates multimodal data modeling for medical diagnostic processes and performs specific learning for different modalities with missing data. The network fuses the multi-modal features based on the clinical medical process, realizes the feature-level missing modality reconstruction, and learns the refined features of different modal true cases by decoding the mode-specific missing. We trained and tested the model on two publicly available datasets, Audiovision-MNIST, MM-IMDb, and data sets collected from real clinical scenarios at three hospitals. Our results show that CFRN outperforms state-of-the-art methods, achieving higher prediction accuracy than using EUS alone. By simultaneously incorporating multimodal or reconstructed modal data for disease diagnosis, our single-modal EUS model proves to be more suitable for clinical scenarios. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Moto: Enhancing Embedding with Multiple Joint Factors for Chinese Text Classification

Moto: Enhancing Embedding with Multiple Joint Factors for Ch...

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Xunzhu Tang Rujie Zhu Tiezhu Sun Shi Wang National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA Momenta Suzhou China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy beijing China

Recently, language representation techniques have achieved great performances in text classification. However, most existing representation models are specifically designed for English materials, which may fail in Chinese because of the huge difference between these two languages. Actually, few existing methods for Chinese text classification process texts at a single level. However, as a special kind of hieroglyphics, radicals of Chinese characters are good semantic carriers. In addition, Pinyin codes carry the semantic of tones, and Wubi reflects the stroke structure information, etc. Unfortunately, previous researches neglected to find an effective way to distill the useful parts of these four factors and to fuse them. In our works, we propose a novel model called Moto: Enhancing Embedding with Multiple Joint Factors. Specifically, we design an attention mechanism to distill the useful parts by fusing the four-level information above more effectively. We conduct extensive experiments on four popular tasks. The empirical results show that our Moto achieves SOTA 0.8316 (F₁-score, 2.11% improvement) on Chinese news titles, 96.38 (1.24% improvement) on Fudan Corpus and 0.9633 (3.26% improvement) on THUCNews.

关键词： Fuses Text categorization Semantics Pattern recognition Task analysis

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Record High Temperatures in the Ocean in 2024

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第6期 1092-1109页

作者： Lijing CHENG John ABRAHAM Kevin E.TRENBERTH James REAGAN Huai-Min ZHANG Andrea STORTO Karina VON SCHUCKMANN Yuying PAN Yujing ZHU Michael E.MANN Jiang ZHU Fan WANG Fujiang YU Ricardo LOCARNINI John FASULLO Boyin HUANG Garrett GRAHAM Xungang YIN Viktor GOURETSKI Fei ZHENG Yuanlong LI Bin ZHANG Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Dakui WANG Licheng FENG Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Franco RESEGHETTI Simona SIMONCELLI Gengxin CHEN Rongwang ZHANG Alexey MISHONOV Zhetao TAN Wangxu WEI Huifeng YUAN Guancheng LI Qiuping REN Lijuan CAO Yayang LU Juan DU Kewei LYU Albertus SULAIMAN Michael MAYER Huizan WANG Zhanhong MA Senliang BAO Henqian YAN Zenghong LIU Chunxue YANG Xu LIU Zeke HAUSFATHER Tanguy SZEKELY Flora GUES National Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of St. Thomas School of Engineering NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research University of Auckland National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental Information National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR) Mercator Ocean International Department of Earth and Environmental Science University of Pennsylvania Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of China North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies (NCICS) North Carolina State University Oceanographic Data Center Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Oceanography Hohai University National Marine Data and Information Service Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica eVulcanologia Sede di Bologna South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences ESSIC/CISESS-MD University of Maryland Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment Administration Ministry of Ecology and Environment National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological Administration International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Xiamen University Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Research Department European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Department of Meteorology and Geophysics University of Vienna College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense Technology State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural Resources Stripe Inc. South San Francisco Ocean Scope CELAD

Heating in the ocean has continued in 2024 in response to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere,despite the transition from an El Ni?o to neutral conditions. In 2024, both global sea surface temperature(SST) and upper2000 m ocean heat content(OHC) reached unprecedented highs in the historical record. The 0–2000 m OHC in 2024exceeded that of 2023 by 16 ± 8 ZJ(1 Zetta Joules = 1021 Joules, with a 95% confidence interval)(IAP/CAS data), which is confirmed by two other data products: 18 ± 7 ZJ(CIGAR-RT reanalysis data) and 40 ± 31 ZJ(Copernicus Marine data,updated to November 2024). The Indian Ocean, tropical Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Southern Ocean also experienced record-high OHC values in 2024. The global SST continued its record-high values from2023 into the first half of 2024, and declined slightly in the second half of 2024, resulting in an annual mean of 0.61°C ±0.02°C(IAP/CAS data) above the 1981–2010 baseline, slightly higher than the 2023 annual-mean value(by 0.07°C ±0.02°C for IAP/CAS, 0.05°C ± 0.02°C for NOAA/NCEI, and 0.06°C ± 0.11°C for Copernicus Marine). The record-high values of 2024 SST and OHC continue to indicate unabated trends of global heating.

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Mandari: Multi-Modal Temporal Knowledge Graph-aware Sub-graph Embedding for Next-POI Recommendation

Mandari: Multi-Modal Temporal Knowledge Graph-aware Sub-grap...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Xiaoqian Liu Xiuyun Li Yuan Cao Fan Zhang Xiongnan Jin Jinpeng Chen School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT) Ministry of Education Beijing China The Technology Innovation Center of Cultural Tourism Big Data of Hebei Province Chengde China Hebei Normal University for Nationalities Chengde China Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Research Center Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China

Next-POI recommendation aims to explore from user check-in sequence to predict the next possible location to be visited. Existing methods are often difficult to model the implicit association of multi-modal data with user choices. Moreover, traditional methods struggle to fully explore the variation of user preferences at variable time intervals. To tackle these limitations, we propose a Multi-Modal Temporal Knowledge Graph-aware Sub-graph Embedding approach (Mandari). We first construct a novel Multi-Modal Temporal Knowledge Graph. Based on the proposed knowledge graph, we integrate multi-modal information and leverage the graph attention network to calculate sub-graph prediction probability. Next, we implement a temporal knowledge mining method to model the segmentation and periodicity of user check-in and obtain temporal prediction probability. Finally, we fuse temporal prediction probability with the previous sub-graph prediction probability to obtain the final result. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods.

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