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84th EAGE Annual Conference and Exhibition

作者： Wang, Y. Zhang, J. Du, S. Yan, B. Song, H. Wang, J. Xie, C. China Texas A&M University United States University of Science and Technology Beijing China National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Big-Data Analysis and Computing Technology King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9781713884156

Multiphase flows are of great importance for the sustainable utilization of geological resources and ecological protection. Numerical simulation, as a general and powerful approach for multiphase flow modeling, faces great computational challenge for large scale and heterogeneous problems. This study explores the possibility of a hybrid modeling architecture for nonlinear multiphase flow, which integrates physical modeling and deep learning approaches. By breaking down the coupled system into pressure and saturation equations, we construct novel solvers using a physics-guided U-net and Fourier Neural Operator instead of the traditional time-consuming implicit pressure solver. The coupling of our carefully designed solver for pressure and explicit solver for saturation provides a new perspective for modeling large scale complex multiphase flows. Our results demonstrate that this hybrid modeling architecture exhibits superior predictive performance for pressure and saturation, with relative error about 0.2% and 0.6%, respectively. More importantly, our hybrid solver can improve computational efficiency by several orders of magnitude compared to traditional numerical simulation workflows. Our work showcases that the proposed hybrid modeling approach incorporating physical modeling and deep learning is promising to provide a more flexible and powerful alternative for multiphase flow modeling in geological formations. © 2023 84th EAGE Annual Conference and Exhibition. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multiphase flow

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A method for accelerating relations search over big data scenario 22

A method for accelerating relations search over big data sce...

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Proceedings of the 2022 5th International Conference on Algorithms, computing and Artificial Intelligence

作者： Lihua Liu Mao Wang Kaiming Xiao Haiwen Chen College of System Engineering National University of Defense Technology China and Laboratory for Big Data and Decision National University of Defense Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450398336

We propose an acceleration method for relations search over big data scenario. The relations search is in essence an induced subgraph search of graph data model, which is to search all edges with all adjacent vertices falling into a given vertex set. For example, in the risk-control scenario for anti-fraud, for a swindling gang of highly similar fraud behaviors, figuring out all relations between these swindlers can be greatly beneficial to precisely attack all similar gangs. In-memory induced subgraph search requires lots of random accesses, while in big data scenario, relations data tend to be stored on disk when the memory is limited, and the corresponding random lookups over disk incorporate huge overhead. Also, even a singleton disk access could be costly since there are usually many properties data in a relation. Hence, existing methods would suffer considerable performance bottlenecks when applied over data on disk. We build graph over disk-based edge index, and propose multiple BFS (Bread First Search) level gaps based induces subgraph acceleration method, with efficient performance guarantee when the memory is limited. We avoid imbalance in performance for query evaluation with edge index based data organization, with which we further reduce redundant I/O accesses. We filter most invalid no-result edge queries based our BFS level gaps framework. We find that, for each BFS, we can confirm the no edge status between a pair of vertices if their BFS accessing level are of distance more than 1, which indicates the nonexistence of edge. Extensive experiments over real world graph datasets confirm the effectiveness of our method. We find that more than 97% invalid edge queries are filtered by our method, which greatly improve the system performance. Hence, our method with multiple BFS level gap encoding over vertices could greatly filter no-result edge queries and improve the relation search performance. Out method also reduce the redundant I/O access over disk wi

关键词： External-memory Algorithm Graph Model Induced Subgraph Query Acceleration big data

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Achieving High Open-Circuit Voltage in Efficient Kesterite Solar Cells Via Lanthanide Europium Ion Induced Carrier Lifetime Enhancement

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chen, Xingye Zhao, Yunhai Ahmad, Nafees Zhao, Jun Zheng, Zhuanghao Su, Zhenghua Peng, Xiaogang Li, Xuejin Zhang, Xianghua Fan, Ping Liang, Guangxing Chen, Shuo Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China UMR 6226 Université de Rennes Rennes F-35000 France Shenzhen518060 China

Short carrier lifetimes is a key challenge limiting the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. In this work, for the first time, lanthanide europium (Eu) ions have been introduced into Ag-incorporated CZTSSe absorber layer, which can modify the selenization reaction pathway during the initial selenization process, leading to high-quality (Ag, Eu)-CZTSSe absorber with large compact crystal grains and benign surface potential fluctuations. This innovative absorber engineering can also optimize defects dynamics with less detrimental defects and defects-assisted non-radiative recombination. Thus, significantly enhanced minority carrier lifetimes from 0.97 to 3.15 ns can be achieved, representing one of the top values among various bulk and/or interface engineering treated CZTSSe. The champion CZTSSe thin-film solar cell exhibits an impressive VOC of 545.6 mV, accompanied with a stimulating increase in PCE from 10.61% to 13.30%. These findings underscore the potential of lanthanide cation doping to drive significant advancements in CZTSSe photovoltaic technology, and therefore promoting its further development and future applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Open circuit voltage

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Synthesis of Decoherence-Free Modes in Linear Quantum Passive systems via Robust Pole Placement

Synthesis of Decoherence-Free Modes in Linear Quantum Passiv...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Miao, Zibo Pan, Yu Gao, Qing School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Adaptive Robotics Harbin Institute of Technology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms Shenzhen518055 China The Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Hangzhou310027 China The School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing100191 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

In this paper we extend our previous research on coherent observer-based pole placement approach to study the synthesis of robust decoherence-free (DF) modes for linear quantum passive systems, which is aimed at preservation of quantum information. In particular, DF modes can be generated by placing the poles on the imaginary axis via a coherent feedback design scheme, and these modes can further be simultaneously made robust against perturbations to the system parameters by minimizing the condition number associated with imaginary poles. We develop explicit algebraic conditions for the existence of such a coherent quantum controller, with the corresponding deign procedure provided. Examples are given to illustrate the process of tuning the DF modes towards perfect robustness via the proposed pole placement technique. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Poles

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Towards Open-Set Document Layout Segmentation Through Class-Specific Prototype Learning

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sang, Yuman Yu, Shenbao Zeng, Yifeng Pan, Yinghui Yao, Zhangrui Department of Automation Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Computer and Information Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

Open-set segmentation is an emerging and challenging topic, especially when it is combined with domain-specific tasks. Beyond recognizing known classes, the system needs to reject the unknowns. In this paper, we study the open-set document layout segmentation problem and propose a two-phase framework (OpenDLS) that accurately recognizes pixels in document images from known classes and rejects those from the unknowns. In the first phase, we propose a class-specific prototype learning strategy and design two loss functions for model training. In addition, considering the multifarious appearance of objects, a multi-scale feature fusion module is developed. In the second phase, we propose three rejection rules to detect the pixels that belong to unknown classes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to investigate the open-set document layout segmentation task. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework in both known class classification and unknown class identification. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pixels

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SAV-SE: Scene-aware Audio-Visual Speech Enhancement with Selective State Space Model

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IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing 2025年

作者： Qian, Xinyuan Gao, Jiaran Zhang, Yaodan Zhang, Qiquan Liu, Hexin Garcia, Leibny Paola Li, Haizhou University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Computer and Communication Engineering Beijing100083 China University of New South Wales School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications Sydney2052 Australia Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore Singapore Johns Hopkins University CLSP and HLT-COE United States Chinese University of HongKong Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Computing Shenzhen518172 China Shenzhen Research Institute of Big data Shenzhen51872 China

Speech enhancement plays an essential role in various applications, and the integration of visual information has been demonstrated to bring substantial advantages. However, the majority of current research concentrates on the examination of facial and lip movements, which can be compromised or entirely inaccessible in scenarios where occlusions occur or when the camera view is distant. Whereas contextual visual cues from the surrounding environment have been overlooked: for example, when we see a dog bark, our brain has the innate ability to discern and filter out the barking noise. To this end, in this paper, we introduce a novel task, i.e. Scene-aware Audio-Visual Speech Enhancement SAV-SE. To our best knowledge, this is the first proposal to use rich contextual information from synchronized video as auxiliary cues to indicate the type of noise, which eventually improves the speech enhancement performance. Specifically, we propose the VC-S $^{2}$ E method, which incorporates the Conformer and Mamba modules for their complementary strengths. Extensive experiments are conducted on public MUSIC, AVSpeech and AudioSet datasets, where the results demonstrate the superiority of VC-S $^{2}$ E over other competitive methods. We will make the source code publicly available. Project demo page: https://***/ © 2007-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Speech enhancement

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Breaking Barriers in Physical-World Adversarial Examples: Improving Robustness and Transferability via Robust Feature

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Yichen Chou, Yuxuan Zhou, Ziqi Zhang, Hangtao Wan, Wei Hu, Shengshan Li, Minghui National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System China Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

As deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely applied in the physical world, many researches are focusing on physical-world adversarial examples (PAEs), which introduce perturbations to inputs and cause the model’s incorrect outputs. However, existing PAEs face two challenges: unsatisfactory attack performance (i.e., poor transferability and insufficient robustness to environment conditions), and difficulty in balancing attack effectiveness with stealthiness, where better attack effectiveness often makes PAEs more perceptible. In this paper, we explore a novel perturbation-based method to overcome the challenges. For the first challenge, we introduce a strategy Deceptive RF injection based on robust features (RFs) that are predictive, robust to perturbations, and consistent across different models. Specifically, it improves the transferability and robustness of PAEs by covering RFs of other classes onto the predictive features in clean images. For the second challenge, we introduce another strategy Adversarial Semantic Pattern Minimization, which removes most perturbations and retains only essential adversarial patterns in AEs. Based on the two strategies, we design our method Robust Feature Coverage Attack (RFCoA), comprising Robust Feature Disentanglement and Adversarial Feature Fusion. In the first stage, we extract target class RFs in feature space. In the second stage, we use attention-based feature fusion to overlay these RFs onto predictive features of clean images and remove unnecessary perturbations. Experiments show our method’s superior transferability, robustness, and stealthiness compared to existing state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, our method’s effectiveness can extend to Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), indicating its potential applicability to more complex tasks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Distilled Transformers with Locally Enhanced Global Representations for Face Forgery Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Yaning Li, Qiufu Yu, Zitong Shen, Linlin Computer Vision Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Guangdong Shenzhen518129 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China School of Computing and Information Technology Great Bay University Guangdong Dongguan523000 China

Face forgery detection (FFD) is devoted to detecting the authenticity of face images. Although current CNN-based works achieve outstanding performance in FFD, they are susceptible to capturing local forgery patterns generated by various manipulation methods. Though transformer-based detectors exhibit improvements in modeling global dependencies, they are not good at exploring local forgery artifacts. Hybrid transformer-based networks are designed to capture local and global manipulated traces, but they tend to suffer from the attention collapse issue as the transformer block goes deeper. Besides, soft labels are rarely available. In this paper, we propose a distilled transformer network (DTN) to capture both rich local and global forgery traces and learn general and common representations for different forgery faces. Specifically, we design a mixture of expert (MoE) module to mine various robust forgery embeddings. Moreover, a locally-enhanced vision transformer (LEVT) module is proposed to learn locally-enhanced global representations. We design a lightweight multi-attention scaling (MAS) module to avoid attention collapse, which can be plugged and played in any transformer-based models with only a slight increase in computational costs. In addition, we propose a deepfake self-distillation (DSD) scheme to provide the model with abundant soft label information. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method surpasses the state of the arts on five deepfake datasets. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Face recognition

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StyleGene: Crossover and Mutation of Region-level Facial Genes for Kinship Face Synthesis

StyleGene: Crossover and Mutation of Region-level Facial Gen...

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Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Hao Li Xianxu Hou Zepeng Huang Linlin Shen Computer Vision Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University School of AI and Advanced Computing Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University

High-fidelity kinship face synthesis has many potential applications, such as kinship verification, missing child identification, and social media analysis. However, it is challenging to synthesize high-quality descendant faces with genetic relations due to the lack of large-scale, high-quality annotated kinship data. This paper proposes RFG (Region-level Facial Gene) extraction framework to address this issue. We propose to use IGE (Image-based Gene Encoder), LGE (Latent-based Gene Encoder) and Gene Decoder to learn the RFGs of a given face image, and the relationships between RFGs and the latent space of Style-GAN2. As cycle-like losses are designed to measure the $\mathcal{L}_data$ distances between the output of Gene Decoder and image encoder, and that between the output of LGE and IGE, only face images are required to train our framework, i.e. no paired kinship face data is required. Based upon the proposed RFGs, a crossover and mutation module is further designed to inherit the facial parts of parents. A Gene Pool has also been used to introduce the variations into the mutation of RFGs. The diversity of the faces of descendants can thus be significantly increased. Qualitative, quantitative, and subjective experiments on FIW, TSKinFace, and FF-databases clearly show that the quality and diversity of kinship faces generated by our approach are much better than the existing state-of-the-art methods.

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BADROBOT: JAILBREAKING EMBODIED LLMS IN THE PHYSICAL WORLD

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Hangtao Zhu, Chenyu Wang, Xianlong Zhou, Ziqi Yin, Changgan Li, Minghui Xue, Lulu Wang, Yichen Hu, Shengshan Liu, Aishan Guo, Peijin Zhang, Leo Yu National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System China Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China Beihang University China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Australia

Embodied AI represents systems where AI is integrated into physical entities. Large Language Model (LLM), which exhibits powerful language understanding abilities, has been extensively employed in embodied AI by facilitating sophisticated task planning. However, a critical safety issue remains overlooked: could these embodied LLMs perpetrate harmful behaviors? In response, we introduce BADROBOT, a novel attack paradigm aiming to make embodied LLMs violate safety and ethical constraints through typical voice-based user-system interactions. Specifically, three vulnerabilities are exploited to achieve this type of attack: (i) manipulation of LLMs within robotic systems, (ii) misalignment between linguistic outputs and physical actions, and (iii) unintentional hazardous behaviors caused by world knowledge’s flaws. Furthermore, we construct a benchmark of various malicious physical action queries to evaluate BADROBOT’s attack performance. Based on this benchmark, extensive experiments against existing prominent embodied LLM frameworks (e.g., Voxposer, Code as Policies, and ProgPrompt) demonstrate the effectiveness of our BADROBOT. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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