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engineering 2024年第4期35卷 74-85页

作者： Yanjie Chen Yangning Wu Limin Lan Hang Zhong Zhiqiang Miao Hui Zhang Yaonan Wang School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Department of Computer Science Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth SY233DBUK School of Robotics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

This study proposes an image-based visual servoing(IBVS)method based on a velocity observer for an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)for tracking a dynamic target in Global Positioning System(GPS)-denied *** proposed method derives the simplified and decoupled image dynamics of underactuated UAVs using a constructed virtual camera and then considers the uncertainties caused by the unpredictable rotations and velocities of the dynamic target.A novel image depth model that extends the IBVS method to track a rotating target with arbitrary orientations is *** depth model ensures image feature accuracy and image trajectory smoothness in rotating target *** relative velocities of the UAV and the dynamic target are estimated using the proposed velocity *** to the velocity observer,translational velocity measurements are not required,and the control chatter caused by noise-containing measurements is *** integral-based filter is proposed to compensate for unpredictable environmental disturbances in order to improve the antidisturbance *** stability of the velocity observer and IBVS controller is analyzed using the Lyapunov *** simulations and multistage experiments are conducted to illustrate the tracking stability,anti-disturbance ability,and tracking robustness of the proposed method with a dynamic rotating target.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicle visual servoing Velocity observer Target tracking

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Machine-learning-based detection for quantum hacking attacks on continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution systems

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Physical Review A 2023年第6期107卷 062422-062422页

作者： Chao Ding Shi Wang Yaonan Wang Zijie Wu Jingtao Sun Yiyu Mao College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan University Changsha 410082 China School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha 410114 China

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is a mature technology that can theoretically provide an unconditional security guarantee. However, a practical CVQKD system may be vulnerable to various quantum hacking attacks due to imperfect devices and insufficient assumptions. In this paper, we propose a universal defense strategy called a machine-learning-based attack detection scheme (MADS). Leveraging the combined advantages of density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and multiclass support vector machines (MCSVMs), MADS demonstrates remarkable effectiveness in detecting quantum hacking attacks. Specifically, we first establish a set of attack-related features to extract feature vectors. These vectors are then utilized as input data for DBSCAN to identify and remove any noise or outliers. Finally, the trained MCSVMs are employed to classify and predict the processed data. The predicted results can immediately determine whether or not to generate a final secret key. Simulation results show that the proposed MADS can efficiently detect most quantum hacking attacks and revise the overestimated secret key rates caused by a CVQKD system without any defense strategy to obtain a tighter security bound.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Robust Stereo VIO Based on an Equivariant Filter for Complex Lighting Environments

Robust Stereo VIO Based on an Equivariant Filter for Complex...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics

作者： Zhenhang Chen Zhiqiang Miao Chuancheng Wang Yaonan Wang College of Electrical and Information Engineering and the National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception and Control Hunan University Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481106

visual Inertial Odometry(VIO) is widely used in various fields. When lighting conditions change dramatically, the visual front-end is affected, resulting in performance degradation and even failure in some extreme scenarios. In this paper, a stereo VIO based on an equivariant filter(EqF) for complex lighting environments is proposed. We propose a new adaptive gamma correction method, which can effectively improve the quality of image sequence and ensure the real-time performance of the algorithm because of the image selection processing strategy. Our VIO uses a robust stereo visual front-end and a state-of-the-art equivariant filter at the back-end. Experiments showed that the system has higher accuracy and robustness than another EqF-based VIO algorithm(EqF_VIO), and can work in complex and extreme lighting environments.

关键词： Degradation visualization robot vision systems Lighting Filtering algorithms Robustness Real-time systems

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Unsupervised Multimodal 3D Medical Image Registration with Multilevel Correlation Balanced Optimization

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jiazheng Chen, Xiang Zhang, Yuxi Liu, Min Wang, Yaonan Zhang, Hang College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Hunan Changsha China National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan University Hunan Changsha China Cornell University United States

Surgical navigation based on multimodal image registration has played a significant role in providing intraoperative guidance to surgeons by showing the relative position of the target area to critical anatomical structures during surgery. However, due to the differences between multimodal images and intraoperative image deformation caused by tissue displacement and removal during the surgery, effective registration of preoperative and intraoperative multimodal images faces significant challenges. To address the multimodal image registration challenges in Learn2Reg 2024, an unsupervised multimodal medical image registration method based on multilevel correlation balanced optimization (MCBO) is designed to solve these problems. First, the features of each modality are extracted based on the modality independent neighborhood descriptor, and the multimodal images is mapped to the feature space. Second, a multilevel pyramidal fusion optimization mechanism is designed to achieve global optimization and local detail complementation of the deformation field through dense correlation analysis and weight-balanced coupled convex optimization for input features at different scales. For preoperative medical images in different modalities, the alignment and stacking of valid information between different modalities is achieved by the maximum fusion between deformation fields. Our method focuses on the ReMIND2Reg task in Learn2Reg 2024, and to verify the generality of the method, we also tested it on the COMULIS3DCLEM task. Based on the results, our method achieved second place in the validation of both two tasks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convex optimization

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Unsupervised Deep Homography Estimation based on Transformer

Unsupervised Deep Homography Estimation based on Transformer

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International Conference on Advanced robotics and Mechatronics (ICARM)

作者： Tianjian Jiang Qiu Fang Qing Zhu Yaonan Wang Zhen Zhou Lin Chen Jiaming Zhou Yuefan Luo Chengzhong Wu National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan University Changsha Hunan China Jiangxi Communication Terminal Industry Technology Research Institute.

Homography estimation is a crucial problem in computer vision, which aims to provide an optimal transformation matrix for aligning images captured from different viewpoints. Current methods extract shallow features from image pairs and introduce learnable mask modules to improve homography estimation performance. However, they struggle to capture long-term dependencies between features and comprehend the global structures of image features. A deep unsupervised homography learning framework is proposed in this paper, consisting of a weight-sharing feature extraction network and a homography estimation network based on the Transformer model. The former extracts the local features of images, while the latter learns the correlation between them and understands the global features of images, enabling the algorithm to better estimate the homography of unaligned images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the advanced methods for estimating homography matrices in the CA-Unsupervised dataset.

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Materobot: Material Recognition in Wearable robotics for People with visual Impairments

MateRobot: Material Recognition in Wearable Robotics for Peo...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Junwei Zheng Jiaming Zhang Kailun Yang Kunyu Peng Rainer Stiefelhagen Institute for Robotics and Anthropomatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford UK School of Robotics and the National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan University Changsha China

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

People with visual Impairments (PVI) typically recognize objects through haptic perception. Knowing objects and materials before touching is desired by the target users but under-explored in the field of human-centered robotics. To fill this gap, in this work, a wearable vision-based robotic system, MATErobot, is established for PVI to recognize materials and object categories beforehand. To address the computational constraints of mobile platforms, we propose a lightweight yet accurate model MATEViT to perform pixel-wise semantic segmentation, simultaneously recognizing both objects and materials. Our methods achieve respective 40.2% and 51.1% of mIoU on COCOStuff-10K and DMS datasets, surpassing the previous method with +5.7% and +7.0% gains. Moreover, on the field test with participants, our wearable system reaches a score of 28 in the NASA-Task Load Index, indicating low cognitive demands and ease of use. Our MATErobot demonstrates the feasibility of recognizing material property through visual cues and offers a promising step towards improving the functionality of wearable robots for PVI. The source code has been made publicly available at MATErobot.

关键词： visualization Source coding Semantic segmentation visual impairment Semantics Wearable robots Mobile applications

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Sparse Optical Flow-Based Line Feature Tracking

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Fu, Qiang Yu, Hongshan Ali, Islam Zhang, Hong National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan University China Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Canada

In this paper we propose a novel sparse optical flow (SOF)-based line feature tracking method for the camera pose estimation problem. This method is inspired by the point-based SOF algorithm and developed based on an observation that two adjacent images in time-varying image sequences satisfy brightness invariant. Based on this observation, we redefine the goal of line feature tracking: track two endpoints of a line feature instead of the entire line based on gray value matching instead of descriptor matching. To achieve this goal, an efficient two endpoint tracking (TET) method is presented: first, describe a given line feature with its two endpoints;next, track the two endpoints based on SOF to obtain two new tracked endpoints by minimizing a pixel-level grayscale residual function;finally, connect the two tracked endpoints to generate a new line feature. The correspondence is established between the given and the new line feature. Compared with current descriptor-based methods, our TET method needs not to compute descriptors and detect line features repeatedly. Naturally, it has an obvious advantage over computation. Experiments in several public benchmark datasets show our method yields highly competitive accuracy with an obvious advantage over speed. The source code of our method is released at: https://***/cnqiangfu/TET. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical flows

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SF-TIM: A Simple Framework for Enhancing Quadrupedal robot Jumping Agility by Combining Terrain Imagination and Measurement

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Ze Li, Yang Xu, Long Shi, Hao Ma, Zunwang Chu, Zhen Li, Chao Gao, Fei Yang, Kailun Wang, Kaiwei State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejiang University China School of Robotics and National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan University China State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Zhejiang University China DeepRobotics Co. Ltd. China

Dynamic jumping on high platforms and over gaps differentiates legged robots from wheeled counterparts. Compared to walking on rough terrains, dynamic locomotion on abrupt surfaces requires fusing proprioceptive and exteroceptive perception for explosive movements. In this paper, we propose SF-TIM (Simple Framework combining Terrain Imagination and Measurement), a single-policy method that enhances quadrupedal robot jumping agility, while preserving their fundamental blind walking capabilities. In addition, we introduce a terrain-guided reward design specifically to assist quadrupedal robots in high jumping, improving their performance in this task. To narrow the simulation-to-reality gap in quadrupedal robot learning, we introduce a stable and high-speed elevation map generation framework, enabling zero-shot simulation-to-reality transfer of locomotion ability. Our algorithm has been deployed and validated on both the small-/large-size quadrupedal robots, demonstrating its effectiveness in real-world applications: the robot has successfully traversed various high platforms and gaps, showing the robustness of our proposed approach. A demo video has been made available at https://***/SF-TIM. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multipurpose robots

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Accurate RGB-D SLAM in dynamic environments based on dynamic visual feature removal

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第10期65卷 256-269页

作者： Chenxin LIU Jiahu QIN Shuai WANG Lei YU Yaonan WANG Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan University

visual localization is considered an essential capability in robotics and has attracted increasing interest for the past few years. However, most proposed visual localization systems assume that the surrounding environment is static, which is difficult to maintain in real-world scenarios due to the presence of moving objects. In this paper, we present DFR-SLAM, a real-time and accurate RGB-D SLAM based on ORB-SLAM2 that achieves satisfactory performance in a variety of challenging dynamic scenarios. At the core of our system lies a motion consensus filtering algorithm estimating the initial camera pose and a graph-cut optimization framework combining long-term observations, prior information, and spatial coherence to jointly distinguish dynamic and static visual features. Other systems for dynamic environments detect dynamic components by using the information from short time-span frames, whereas our system uses observations from a long period of keyframes. We evaluate our system using dynamic sequences from the public TUM dataset, and the evaluation demonstrates that the proposed system outperforms the original ORB-SLAM2 system significantly. In addition, our system provides competitive localization accuracy with satisfactory real-time performance compared to closely related SLAM systems designed to adapt to dynamic environments.

关键词： SLAM dynamic environments indoor localization graph-cut robot navigation

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HNSRRT*:A Path Planning Algorithm Based On Heuristic Non-Uniform Sampling Method In Complex Obstacle Environment

HNSRRT*:A Path Planning Algorithm Based On Heuristic Non-Uni...

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Chinese control Conference (CCC)

作者： Zhiwen Xu Hui Zhang Bo Chen Xidong Zhou Songtao Yin Lian Yang College of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Hunan China College of Robotics and Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology National Engineering Research Center Hunan University Hunan China

The traditional sampling-based algorithm such as Rapidly Random-exploring Tree (RRT) and various varieties have achieved tremendous success in the area of path planning. However, their excessive exploration in the state space leads to long time to find the optimal solution, large memory usage and cannot guarantee the quality of the planned path(generally evaluated by the cost of search time and the length of path) in sophisticated space. In this article, we propose an optimal path planning algorithm based on heuristic non-uniform sampling, namely the HNSRRT*, which successfully plans path in complex obstacle environments with optimal length and minimum time cost. The HNSRRT* utilizes heuristic function to generate non-uniform sampling distribution by Gaussian distribution,and constraints on sampling points can reduce the time wasted and path length increase caused by excessive exploration. We test the proposed HNSRRT* in 2D and 3D complex obstacle environment,comparing it with the three traditional sampling-base algorithms. The simulation results indicated that the effectiveness and efficiency of HNSRRT* and have an obvious improvement in term of time cost, path length compared with the existing algorithms.

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