Constraint solving is a frequent, but expensive operation with symbolic execution to generate tests for a program. To improve the efficiency of test generation using constraint solving, four optimization techniques ar...
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Constraint solving is a frequent, but expensive operation with symbolic execution to generate tests for a program. To improve the efficiency of test generation using constraint solving, four optimization techniques are usually applied to existing constraint solvers, which are constraint independence, constraint set simplification, constraint caching, and expression rewriting. In this paper, we conducted an empirical study, using these four constraint optimization techniques in a well known test generation tool KLEE with 77 GNU Coreutils applications, to systematically investigate how these optimization techniques affect the efficiency of test generation. The experimental results show that these constraint optimization techniques as well as their combinations cannot improve the efficiency of test generation significantly for ALL-SIZED programs. Moreover, we studied the constraint optimization techniques with respect to two static metrics, lines of code(LOC) and cyclomatic complexity(CC), of programs. The experimental results show that the "constraint set simplification" technique can improve the efficiency of test generation significantly for the programs with high LOC and CC values. The"constraint caching" optimization technique can improve the efficiency of test generation significantly for the programs with low LOC and CC values. Finally, we propose four hybrid optimization strategies and practical guidelines based on different static metrics.
The expansion postponement problem in Pure Type Systems is an open problem raised by R. Pollack in 1992. In this paper, the author presents a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for this problem and a set of su...
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The expansion postponement problem in Pure Type Systems is an open problem raised by R. Pollack in 1992. In this paper, the author presents a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for this problem and a set of sufficient conditions for it. The author also gives some properties for pure type systems without the expansion rule.
The paper proposes an approach to solving some verification prob- lems of time Petri nets using linear programming. The approach is based on the observation that for loop-closed time Petri nets, it is only necessary t...
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The paper proposes an approach to solving some verification prob- lems of time Petri nets using linear programming. The approach is based on the observation that for loop-closed time Petri nets, it is only necessary to investigate a finite prefix of an untimed run of the underlying Petri net. Using the technique the paper gives solutions to reachability and bounded delay timing analysis problems. For both problems algorithms are given, that are decision procedures for loop-closed time Petri nets, and semi-decision procedures for general time Petri nets.
Image denoising has been used in various edge computing scenarios such as consumer electronics to improve the image quality and user experience. Existing image denoising methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks ...
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A very inexpensive receive-only satellite receiver can receive high bandwidth traffic from a feeder. Therefore the connection between the feeder and the receiver is uni-directional. The existing routing protocols, suc...
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A very inexpensive receive-only satellite receiver can receive high bandwidth traffic from a feeder. Therefore the connection between the feeder and the receiver is uni-directional. The existing routing protocols, such as Link-State and Distance-Vector, are designed on the premise that any links are bidirectional and they cannot handle the uni-directional links. In this paper,a dynamic multicast routing protocol is proposed, which can handle uni-directional networks. This protocol can also adapt to the dynamic change of the topology of the network and has good scalability. A formal description of the protocol by Petri net is given. Liveness, deadlock free and other properties of the protocol are proved.
Accurate segmentation of pulmonary structures is crucial in clinical diagnosis, disease study, and treatment planning. Significant progress has been made in deep learning-based segmentation techniques, but most requir...
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With the exponential growth of big data and advancements in large-scale foundation model techniques, the field of machine learning has embarked on an unprecedented golden era. This period is characterized by significa...
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With the exponential growth of big data and advancements in large-scale foundation model techniques, the field of machine learning has embarked on an unprecedented golden era. This period is characterized by significant innovations across various aspects of machine learning, including data exploitation, network architecture development, loss function settings and algorithmic innovation.
After giving a bird's view of some existing quantum programming languages,this paper reports the recent results made by the quantum computation group of the State keylaboratory for novelsoftwaretechnology and t...
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After giving a bird's view of some existing quantum programming languages,this paper reports the recent results made by the quantum computation group of the State keylaboratory for novelsoftwaretechnology and the department of computerscience and technology at Nanjing University,i.e.,the quantum programming languages NDQJava,NDQFP and their processing systems.
Single image defocus deblurring (SIDD) aims to restore an all-in-focus image from a defocused one. Distribution shifts in defocused images generally lead to performance degradation of existing methods during out-of-di...
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We consider the scattering of light in participating media composed of sparsely and randomly distributed discrete *** particle size is expected to range from the scale of the wavelength to several orders of magnitude ...
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We consider the scattering of light in participating media composed of sparsely and randomly distributed discrete *** particle size is expected to range from the scale of the wavelength to several orders of magnitude greater,resulting in an appearance with distinct graininess as opposed to the smooth appearance of continuous *** fundamental issue in the physically-based synthesis of such appearance is to determine the necessary optical properties in every local *** these properties vary spatially,we resort to geometrical optics approximation(GOA),a highly efficient alternative to rigorous Lorenz–Mie theory,to quantitatively represent the scattering of a single *** enables us to quickly compute bulk optical properties for any particle size *** then use a practical Monte Carlo rendering solution to solve energy transfer in the discrete participating *** proposed framework is the first to simulate a wide range of discrete participating media with different levels of graininess,converging to the continuous media case as the particle concentration increases.
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