Interdecadal variation of the relationships between ENSO and the summer interannual climate variability in China is investigated by using techniques of sliding correlation analysis with the tropical Pacific SSTA and t...
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Interdecadal variation of the relationships between ENSO and the summer interannual climate variability in China is investigated by using techniques of sliding correlation analysis with the tropical Pacific SSTA and the observed surface air temperature and precipitation from stations in China. The results indicate that there are stable and robust relations that the Northern China is relatively dry during the developing phase of ENSO while the Yangtze River valley is relatively wet during the decaying phase of ENSO. On the other hand, interdecadal variations of the relations are also found in other regions. Over the time both prior to the Pacific decadal climate shift (before the late 1970s) and after it (after the late 1970s), during the developing phases of ENSO the summer precipitation anomaly in South China changed from below to above normal, whereas that in Northeast China changed from above to below normal; the summer surface air temperature anomaly in North and Northeast China changed from cooling to warming, whereas that in South China changed to cooling; during the decaying phases of ENSO the North China changed from wetter to dryer while the Huai River valley changed from dryer to normal; North China, Yangtze River valley and South China tend to be warmer. Based on the composite analysis of the NCAR/NCEP reanalyze datasets, significant differences existing in ENSO-related atmospheric circulation anomaly in East Asia during pre- and post-shift periods may be responsible for the interdecadal variation of relationships between ENSO and surface air temperature and precipitation in China.
Six nonionic oligomeric manganese （ Ⅱ ） complexes with oligomeric phosphate-polyglycol-EDTA ester ligands were synthesized and characterized. The longitudinal relaxivities of these complexes were measured. One of t...
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Six nonionic oligomeric manganese （ Ⅱ ） complexes with oligomeric phosphate-polyglycol-EDTA ester ligands were synthesized and characterized. The longitudinal relaxivities of these complexes were measured. One of these complexes, which showed the highest relaxivity, was chosen to be used in the acute toxicity test and the T1-weighted imaging experiment. It has been found that compared to Gd-DTPA, this nonionic oligomeric Mn（ Ⅱ ） complex exhibits no acute toxicity, generates highly enhanced MRI signals and increases the intention time in the rat liver tissue.
With finite-element software ANSYS 7.0 and simple thermal-mechanical coupling constitutive relations,the buckling failure of preloaded cylindrical shell irradiated by high power laser beam was studied by numerical si...
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With finite-element software ANSYS 7.0 and simple thermal-mechanical coupling constitutive relations,the buckling failure of preloaded cylindrical shell irradiated by high power laser beam was studied by numerical simulations. The buckling mode and buckling critical loading were analysed for different preloading conditions. The influence of laser intensity, beam irradiation time, preloading conditions and geometric parameters of cylindrical shell on the buckling mode were discussed. The numerical results show that: ① the buckling deformation of the cylindrical shell was concentrated in the area of laser spot and the radial buckling was the main buckling mode, ② a linear relationship between the buckling eigenvalue and the maximum temperature at the center of laser spot was approached, ③ the buckling failure of cylindrical shell was attributed to the coupling effect of the material softening and the radial deformation in the laser spot, and hence to raise the stiffness of the material would enhance the ability for anti-irradiation of structure substantially..
作者：
丁一汇李崇银柳艳菊National Climate Center
China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 National Climate Center
China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid DynamicsInstitute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029he present paper gives an overview of the key project " South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX)" operated by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China during the period of 1996-2001. The SCSMEX is a joint atmospheric and oceanic field experiment which aims to better understand the onset maintenance and variability of the summer monsoon over the South China Sea (SCS). It is a large-scale international effort with many participating countries and regions cooperatively involved in this experiment. With the field observation in May-August 1998 a large amount of meteorological and oceanic data was acquired which provides excellent datasets for the study of the SCS monsoon and the East Asian monsoon and their interaction with the ocean. The preliminary research achievements are as follows. (1) The earliest onset of the Asian monsoon over the SCS and Indo-China Peninsula has been well documented. Prom the viewpoint of the synoptic process its onset is closely related to the early rapid development of a twin cyclone to the east of Sri Lanka. The conceptual modei of the SCS monsoon onset in 1998 was put forward. The 50-year time series of the SCS monsoon onset date was also made. (2) Two major modes namely the 30-60-day and 10-20-day oscillations were ascertained. The influences of the abnormal SCS monsoon on the precipitation over eastern China and its modes were identifled. A strong (weak) monsoon over the SCS usually leads to less (more) precipitation over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
The present paper gives an overview of the key project ' South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX)' operated by the Ministry of science and technology of China during the period of 1996-2001. The SCSMEX is a...
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The present paper gives an overview of the key project ' South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX)' operated by the Ministry of science and technology of China during the period of 1996-2001. The SCSMEX is a joint atmospheric and oceanic field experiment which aims to better understand the onset, maintenance, and variability of the summer monsoon over the South China Sea (SCS). It is a large-scale international effort with many participating countries and regions cooperatively involved in this experiment. With the field observation in May-August 1998, a large amount of meteorological and oceanic data was acquired, which provides excellent datasets for the study of the SCS monsoon and the East Asian monsoon and their interaction with the ocean. The preliminary research achievements are as follows. (1) The earliest onset of the Asian monsoon over the SCS and Indo-China Peninsula has been well documented. Prom the viewpoint of the synoptic process, its onset is closely related to the early rapid development of a twin cyclone to the east of Sri Lanka. The conceptual modei of the SCS monsoon onset in 1998 was put forward. The 50-year time series of the SCS monsoon onset date was also made. (2) Two major modes, namely the 30-60-day and 10-20-day oscillations were ascertained. The influences of the abnormal SCS monsoon on the precipitation over eastern China and its modes were identifled. A strong (weak) monsoon over the SCS usually leads to less (more) precipitation over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and more (less) precipitation in North China. (3) During the monsoon onset over the SCS, a wide variety of organized mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) were observed by a Doppler radar array deployed over the northern SCS. The relationship between large-scale circulations and MCSs during the monsoon onset process in 1998 was clearly revealed. It was suggested that there is a kind of positive feedback mechanism between large-scale circulations and
This review describes the climate change–induced responses of the tropical atmospheric circulation and their impacts on the hydrological cycle. We depict the theoretically predicted changes and diagnose physical mech...
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This review describes the climate change–induced responses of the tropical atmospheric circulation and their impacts on the hydrological cycle. We depict the theoretically predicted changes and diagnose physical mechanisms for observational and model-projected trends in large-scale and regional climate. The tropical circulation slows down with moisture and stratification changes, connecting to a poleward expansion of the Hadley cells and a shift of the intertropical convergence zone. Redistributions of regional precipitation consist of thermodynamic and dynamical components, including a strong offset between moisture increase and circulation weakening throughout the tropics. This allows other dynamical processes to dominate local circulation changes, such as a surface warming pattern effect over oceans and multiple mechanisms over land. To improve reliability in climate projections, more fundamental understandings of pattern formation, circulation change, and the balance of various processes redistributing land rainfall are suggested to be important.
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