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Neutronic calculations of the China dual-functional lithium–lead test blanket module with the parallel discrete ordinates code Hydra

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2020年第8期31卷 1-12页

作者： Guang-Chun Zhang Jie Liu Liang-Zhi Cao Hong-Chun Wu Xian-Bao Yuan Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Laboratory of Software Engineering for Complex Systems National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China College of Mechanical and Power Engineering China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China

The China dual-functional lithium–lead test blanket module(DFLL-TBM) is a liquid Li Pb blanket concept developed by the Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology of the Chinese Academy of sciences for testing in ITER to validate relevant tritium breeding and shielding technologies. In this study, neutronic calculations of DFLL-TBM were carried out using a massively parallel three-dimensional transport code, Hydra, with the Fusion Evaluated Nuclear Data Library/MG. Hydra was developed by the Nuclear Engineering Computational Physics Lab based on the discrete ordinates method and has been devoted to neutronic analysis and shielding evaluation for nuclear facilities. An in-house Monte Carlo code(MCX) was employed to verify the discretized calculation model used by Hydra for the DFLL-TBM calculations. The results showed two key aspects:(1) In most material zones,Hydra solutions are in good agreement with the reference MCX results within 1%, and the maximal relative difference of the neutron flux is merely 3%, demonstrating the correctness of the calculation model;(2) while the current DFLL-TBM design meets the operation shielding requirement of ITER for 4 years, it does not satisfy the tritium self-sufficiency requirement. Compared to the two-step approach, Hydra produces higher accuracies as it does not rely on the homogenization technique during the calculation process. The parallel efficiency tests of Hydra using the DFLL-TBM model also showed that this code maintains a high parallel efficiency on O(100) processors and, as a result, is able to significantly improve computing performance through parallelization. Parameter studies have been carried out by varying the thickness of the beryllium armor layer and the tritium breeding zone to understand the influence of the beryllium layer and breeding zone thickness on tritium breeding performance. This establishes a foundation for further improvement in the tritium production performance of DFLL-TBM.

关键词： Discrete ordinates method DFLL-TBM Neutronic analysis Tritium breeding performance

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LTKT: Knowledge Tracing Based on Positive and Negative Learning Transfers

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Xu, Jia Tang, Rongrong Lv, Pin Yu, Minghe Yu, Ge Chen, Enhong School of Computer Electronics and Information Guangxi University GuangXi Nanning530004 China Key Laboratory of Parallel Distributed and Intelligent Computing Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Guangxi530004 China Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230088 China

Knowledge Tracing (KT) is a critical but challenging problem for many educational applications. As an essential part of educational psychology, the propagated influence among pedagogical concepts (i.e., learning transfer) is important for optimizing KT tasks. However, existing KT methods only consider the positive learning transfer and neglect the negative learning transfer. To this end, in this paper, we propose a novel deep knowledge tracing model, called positive and negative Learning Transfers based Knowledge Tracing (LTKT). To the best of our knowledge, LTKT makes the first attempt to concurrently utilize the positive and negative learning transfer relations among concepts to improve KT results. First, LTKT employs a statistical-based approach to construct a learning transfer graph (LTG). Then, LTKT quantifies the impact of an exercise's practice result on the knowledge state of the concept via a direct learning effect component, after which a learning transfer effect component is carefully designed to quantify the impact of the practice result on the knowledge states of neighboring concepts based on the positive and negative learning transfer relations modeled by LTG. We conduct extensive experiments on public real-world datasets, and the experimental results show that LTKT outperforms all state-of-the-art KT methods and has good interpretability. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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A physics-informed deep learning liquid crystal camera with data-driven diffractive guidance

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Communications Engineering 2024年第1期3卷 46页

作者： Shi, Jiashuo Liu, Taige Zhou, Liang Yan, Pei Wang, Zhe Zhang, Xinyu National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Multi-spectral Information Processing Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 628798 Singapore

Whether in the realms of computer vision, robotics, or environmental monitoring, the ability to monitor and follow specific targets amidst intricate surroundings is essential for numerous applications. However, achieving rapid and efficient target tracking remains a challenge. Here we propose an optical implementation for rapid tracking with negligible digital post-processing, leveraging an all-optical information processing. This work combines a diffractive-based optical nerual network with a layered liquid crystal electrical addressing architecture, synergizing the parallel processing capabilities inherent in light propagation with liquid crystal dynamic adaptation mechanism. Through a one-time effort training, the trained network enable accurate prediction of the desired arrangement of liquid crystal molecules as confirmed through numerical blind testing. Then we establish an experimental camera architecture that synergistically combines an electrically-tuned functioned liquid crystal layer with materialized optical neural network. With integrating the architecture into optical imaging path of a detector plane, this optical computing camera offers a data-driven diffractive guidance, enabling the identification of target within complex backgrounds, highlighting its high-level vision task implementation and problem-solving capabilities. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Engineering Optical physics

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Vision-Language Navigation: A Survey and Taxonomy

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Wansen Chang, Tao Li, Xinmeng Yin, Quanjun Zhu, Jiancheng The College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defence Technology Changsha410073 China

Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks require an agent to follow human language instructions to navigate in previously unseen environments. This challenging field involving problems in natural language processing, computer vision, robotics, etc., has spawn many excellent works focusing on various VLN tasks. This paper provides a comprehensive survey and an insightful taxonomy of these tasks based on the different characteristics of language instructions in these tasks. Depending on whether the navigation instructions are given for once or multiple times, this paper divides the tasks into two categories, i.e., single-turn and multi-turn tasks. For single-turn tasks, we further subdivide them into goal-oriented and route-oriented based on whether the instructions designate a single goal location or specify a sequence of multiple locations. For multi-turn tasks, we subdivide them into passive and interactive tasks based on whether the agent is allowed to question the instruction or not. These tasks require different capabilities of the agent and entail various model designs. We identify progress made on the tasks and look into the limitations of existing VLN models and task settings. Finally, we discuss several open issues of VLN and point out some opportunities in the future, i.e., incorporating knowledge with VLN models and implementing them in the real physical world. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Taxonomies

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Personalized Multimedia Recommendation Systems Using Higher-Order Tensor Singular-Value-Decomposition

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IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting 2024年第1期70卷 148-160页

作者： Chang, Shih Yu Wu, Hsiao-Chun Yan, Kun Chen, Xinjia Huang, Scott Chih-Hao Wu, Yiyan San Jose State University Department of Applied Data Science San JoseCA95192 United States Louisiana State University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Baton RougeLA70803 United States Yuan Ze University Innovation Center for AI Applications Chungli32003 Taiwan Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guangxi Key Laboratory of Wireless Wideband Communication and Signal Processing Department of Information and Telecommunication Guilin541004 China Northwestern State University Department of Engineering Technology NatchitochesLA71497 United States National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan Communications Research Centre Canada OttawaK2H 8S2 Canada

Because of rapid growth of multimedia data over the Internet, the infobesity has been emerging in recent years. Many recommender systems (RSs) have been proposed using a variety of techniques, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistical analysis, and data mining. Nowadays, E-commerce companies such as Amazon, eBay, Netflix, etc. have applied RSs conveniently to provide better customer services than before by enabling customized multimedia-content recommendations. It is well known that classical RSs are almost all based on the user-item attribute matrices. However, this two-fold user-item relationship should be extended to the emerging many-fold relationship among an arbitrary number of attribute groups so that the corresponding new RSs may lead to better performances. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce a novel personalized multimedia recommender system (PMRS) according to our proposed new parallel higher-order tensor singular-value-decomposition (PHOTSVD) algorithm. This PHOTSVD algorithm is capable of accommodating an arbitrary number of entities such as social-media channels, users, queries, webpages, etc. in a robust RS. Furthermore, we also investigate the cold start and data bias problems critical to RSs. Finally, we compare the performances of our proposed new PMRS and three other existing tensor-based RSs over realworld data with respect to the well-adopted metric, namely normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE). Our proposed new PMRS greatly outperforms the other three existing tensor-based RSs in terms of NRMSE. © 1963-12012 IEEE.

关键词： Singular value decomposition

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MilKBQA: A Complex Knowledge Base Question Answering Dataset on Chinese Military Field

MilKBQA: A Complex Knowledge Base Question Answering Dataset...

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IEEE International Conference on Data science in Cyberspace (DSC)

作者： Pike Xu Tiejun Li Zhen Huang Min Guo Jiezhong He Ding Sun Institute of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha China School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665418164

Facts in military field tend to involve elements of time, space, quantity, status, and so on. Existing methods of representing knowledge in the form of triples fail to adequately express these facts, and also cause obstacles to knowledge storage and updating. Furthermore, question answering on these facts introduces new complexity dimension, which are complicated to be supported by existing corpus. Thus, we construct a Chinese knowledge base for military field covering entities and events centric knowledge, referred as MilKB. It consists of 965 entities and 3,017 facts. Moreover, we classify the natural questions into 26 types and construct a complex question answering dataset derived from MilKB, referred as MilKBQA. It consists of 2,829 question-answer pairs, in which 600 are event-centric ones. Experiments with three recent strong baseline models demonstrate that MilKBQA requires further research.

关键词： Triples (Data structure) Conferences Knowledge based systems Cyberspace Knowledge representation Data science Cognition

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MISA: Unveiling the Vulnerabilities in Split Federated Learning

MISA: Unveiling the Vulnerabilities in Split Federated Learn...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Wei Wan Yuxuan Ning Shengshan Hu Lulu Xue Minghui Li Leo Yu Zhang Hai Jin School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Cluster and Grid Computing Lab

Federated learning (FL) and split learning (SL) are prevailing distributed paradigms in recent years. They both enable shared global model training while keeping data localized on users’ devices. The former excels in parallel execution capabilities, while the latter enjoys low dependence on edge computing resources and strong privacy protection. Split federated learning (SFL) combines the strengths of both FL and SL, making it one of the most popular distributed architectures. Furthermore, a recent study has claimed that SFL exhibits robustness against poisoning attacks, with a fivefold improvement compared to FL in terms of *** this paper, we present a novel poisoning attack known as $\color{Fuchsia} {{\text{MISA}}}$. It poisons both the top and bottom models, causing a misalignment in the global model, ultimately leading to a drastic accuracy collapse. This attack unveils the vulnerabilities in SFL, challenging the conventional belief that SFL is robust against poisoning attacks. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed MISA poses a significant threat to the availability of SFL, underscoring the imperative for academia and industry to accord this matter due attention.

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MMDSSE: Multi-client and Multi-keyword Dynamic Searchable Symmetric Encryption for Cloud Storage

MMDSSE: Multi-client and Multi-keyword Dynamic Searchable Sy...

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Annual Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust, PST

作者： Panyu Wu Zhenfu Cao Jiachen Shen Xiaolei Dong Yihao Yang Jun Zhou Liming Fang Zhe Liu Chunpeng Ge Chunhua Su Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing East China Normal University Shanghai China Research Center for Basic Theories of Intelligent Computing Research Institute of Basic Theories Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory (PDL) Changsha China Shandong University Jinan China University of Aizu Fukushima Japan

Since data outsourcing poses privacy concerns with data leakage, searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) has emerged as a powerful solution that enables clients to perform query operations on encrypted data while preserving their privacy. Dynamic SSE schemes have been proposed to handle update operations. However, it is shown that updates might increase the risk of information leakage. Meanwhile, to meet the requirement of real-world applications, it is desirable to have the searchable encryption scheme which supports both multiple clients and multi-keyword queries. To address these issues, this paper proposes MMDSSE, a multi-client forward secure dynamic SSE scheme that supports multi-keyword queries. MMDSSE allows the clients narrow down the results by providing an arbitrary subset of the entire archive, and thus suitable for cloud storage environment. Security analysis and experimental evaluations show that MMDSSE is secure and efficient.

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arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ren, Yingying Li, Qiuli Guo, Yangyang Pedrycz, Witold Xing, Lining Liu, Anfeng Song, Yanjie School of Computer Electronics and Information Guangxi University Nanning China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology China Key Laboratory of Parallel Distributed and Intelligent Computing Guangxi University China School of Systems Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Poland Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Sariyer Istanbul Turkey School of Electronic Engineering Xidian University Xian China School of Electronic Engineering Central South University Changsha China National Engineering Research Center of Maritime Navigation System Dalian Maritime University Dalian China

With the rapid development of the satellite industry, the information transmission network based on communication satellites has gradually become a major and important part of the future satellite ground integration network. However, the low transmission efficiency of the satellite data relay back mission has become a problem that is currently constraining the construction of the system and needs to be solved urgently. Effectively planning the task of satellite ground networking by reasonably scheduling resources is crucial for the efficient transmission of task data. In this paper, we hope to provide a task execution scheme that maximizes the profit of the networking task for satellite ground network planning considering feeding mode (SGNPFM). To solve the SGNPFM problem, a mixed-integer planning model with the objective of maximizing the gain of the link-building task is constructed, which considers various constraints of the satellite in the feed-switching mode. Based on the problem characteristics, we propose a distance similarity-based genetic optimization algorithm (DSGA), which considers the state characteristics between the tasks and introduces a weighted Euclidean distance method to determine the similarity between the tasks. To obtain more high-quality solutions, different similarity evaluation methods are designed to assist the algorithm in intelligently screening individuals. The DSGAalso uses an adaptive crossover strategy based on similarity mechanism, which guides the algorithm to achieve efficient population search. In addition, a task scheduling algorithm considering the feed-switching mode is designed for decoding the algorithm to generate a highquality scheme. The results of simulation experiments show that the DSGA can effectively solve the SGNPFM problem. Compared to other algorithms, the proposed algorithm not only obtains higher quality planning schemes but also has faster algorithm convergence speed. The proposed algorithm improves data trans

关键词： Profitability

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Owl: Differential-Based Side-Channel Leakage Detection for CUDA Applications

Owl: Differential-Based Side-Channel Leakage Detection for C...

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International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN)

作者： Yu Zhao Wenjie Xue Weijie Chen Weizhong Qiang Deqing Zou Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Jinyinhu Laboratory Wuhan China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (数字)9798350341058

ISBN: (纸本)9798350341065

Over the past decade, various methods for detecting side-channel leakage have been proposed and proven to be effective against CPU side-channel attacks. These methods are valuable in assisting developers to identify and patch side-channel vulnerabilities. Nevertheless, recent research has revealed the feasibility of exploiting side-channel vulnerabilities to steal sensitive information from GPU applications, which are beyond the reach of previous side-channel detection methods. Therefore, in this paper, we conduct an in-depth examination of various GPU features and present Owl, a novel side-channel detection tool targeting CUDA applications on NVIDIA GPUs. Owl is designed to detect and locate side-channel leakage in various types of CUDA applications. When tracking the execution of CUDA applications, we design a hierarchical tracing scheme and extend the A-DCFG (Attributed Dynamic Control Flow Graph) to address the massively parallel execution in CUDA, ensuring Owl's detection scalability. After completing the initial assessment and filtering, we conduct statistical tests on the differences in program traces to determine whether they are indeed caused by input variations, subsequently facilitating the positioning of side-channel leaks. We evaluate Owl's capability to detect side-channel leaks by testing it on Libgpucrypto, PyTorch, and nvJPEG. Meanwhile, we verify that our solution effectively handles a large number of threads. Owl has successfully identified hundreds of leaks within these applications. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to implement side-channel leakage detection for general CUDA applications.

关键词： Target tracking Statistical analysis Filtering Scalability Graphics processing units Side-channel attacks Feature extraction

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