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CFD simulation of thermal hydraulic characteristics in a typical upper plenum of RPV

Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 930-945页

作者： Mingjun WANG Lianfa WANG Yingjie WANG Wenxi TIAN Jian DENG Guanghui SU Suizheng QI State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Department of Nuclear Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610213China

A comparative computational fluid dynamics(CFD)study was conducted on the three different types of pressurized water reactor(PWR)upper plenum,named TYPE 1(support columns(SCs)and control rod guide tubes(CRGTs)with two large windows),TYPE 2(SCs and CRGTs without windows),and TYPE 3(two parallel perforated barrel shells and CRGTs).First,three types of upper plenum geometry information were collected,simplified,and adopted into the BORA facility,which is a 1/5 scale system of the four-loop PWR ***,the geometry,including the upper half core,upper plenum region,and hot legs,was built using the Salome *** that,an unsteady calculation to simulate the reactor balance operation at hot full power scenario was ***,the differences of flowrate distribution at the core outlet and temperature distribution and transverse velocity inside the hot legs with different upper plenum internals were *** results suggest that TYPE 1 upper plenum internals cause the largest flowrate difference at the core outlet while TYPE 3 leads to the most even distributed *** distribution and evolution pattern of the tangential velocity inside hot legs is highly dependent on the upper plenum *** counter-rotating swirls exist inside the TYPE 1 hot leg and only one swirl revolving around the hog leg axis exist inside the TYPE 2 hot *** TYPE 3,two swirls like that of TYPE 1 rotating around the hot leg axis significantly increase the temperature homogenization *** research provides meaningful guidelines for the future optimization and design of advanced PWR upper plenum internal structures.

关键词： pressurized water reactor(PWR) upper plenum internal structures temperature distribution computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

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Toward the influence of fluid convection on filtered drag force in fluidized gas-particle flows

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Powder Technology 2025年 460卷

作者： Jiang, Ju Yuan, Shouzheng Chen, Xiao Yang, Bolun Zhou, Qiang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Mesoscale drag modeling for gas-solid flows is typically based on fully-periodic systems where fluid convection is insignificant. This study examines a series of 2D sudden-expanded fluidized beds (SEFBs) to investigate the effects of fluid convection on the filtered drag force. A priori analysis indicates that the volumetric force induced by convection has a notable impact on the filtered drag force, and correlations of drag force using traditional markers (such as solid volume fraction, slip velocity, and filter size) fail to provide accurate predictions. In contrast, the gas-phase pressure gradient shows a good correlation with drag force when strong convection is present. Posterior tests in the SEFBs with several existing drag models reveal that the predictive capacity of drag models constructed with traditional markers declines under conditions with strong convection, whereas the drag model incorporating the gas-phase pressure gradient still performs well. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Drag coefficient

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Genetically engineered nifA mutations in Rhodobacter capsulatus to enhance ammonium tolerance and hydrogen production

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 144卷 252-261页

作者： Zixuan Gao Xintong Gao Yu Ma Zhixuan Jiao Minmin Wang Xuefang Mu Jiali Feng Wen Cao Liejin Guo State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China College of Biology and Oceanography Weifang University Weifang 261061 Shandong China

NifA, the activator of nitrogenase, is sensitive to ammonium concentration, particularly within its N-terminal domain. In this work, genetically engineered mutants with N-terminal deletions of the nifA1 and nifA2 genes were constructed using overlap extension PCR to reduce the inhibitory effect of ammonium on nitrogenase expression in Rhodobacter capsulatus SB1003. Under 3 mM NH 4 + , the hydrogen production rate of ZX03 ( nifA1 - , nifA2 - ) reached 0.65 mmol L −1 h −1 , with a 31.2 % increase in hydrogen production compared to the wild-type. When 8 mM NH 4 + was used as the sole nitrogen source, H 2 production in all strains decreased substantially compared to 5 mM NH 4 + . However, ZX03 demonstrated a 5.2-fold enhancement in hydrogen production relative to the wild-type under 8 mM NH 4 + , underscoring its improved ammonium tolerance. During hydrogen production, the gene expression levels of nifA and nifH in all mutant strains were significantly up-regulated under ammonium conditions compared to the wild-type. These findings reveal distinct roles of nifA1 and nifA2 in ammonium tolerance and hydrogen production.

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An overview of application-oriented multifunctional large-scale stationary battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system

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Energy Reviews 2024年第2期3卷 63-87页

作者： Yuchen Yang Zhen Wu Jing Yao Tianlei Guo Fusheng Yang Zaoxiao Zhang Jianwei Ren Liangliang Jiang Bo Li School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049PR China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049PR China Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2092South Africa Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryABT2N 1N4Canada School of Engineering University of KentKentCT27NZUK

The imperative to address traditional energy crises and environmental concerns has accelerated the need for energy structure ***,the variable nature of renewable energy poses challenges in meeting complex practical energy *** address this issue,the construction of a multifunctional large-scale stationary energy storage system is considered an effective *** paper critically examines the battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage *** technologies face limitations hindering them from fully meeting future energy storage needs,such as large storage capacity in limited space,frequent storage with rapid response,and continuous storage without ***,with their rapid response(<1 s)and high efficiency(>90%),excel in frequent short-duration energy ***,limitations such as a self-discharge rate(>1%)and capacity loss(~20%)restrict their use for long-duration energy ***,as a potential energy carrier,is suitable for large-scale,long-duration energy storage due to its high energy density,steady state,and low ***,it is less efficient for frequent energy storage due to its low storage efficiency(~50%).Ongoing research suggests that a battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system could combine the strengths of both technologies to meet the growing demand for large-scale,long-duration energy *** assess their applied potentials,this paper provides a detailed analysis of the research status of both energy storage technologies using proposed key performance ***,application-oriented future directions and challenges of the battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system are outlined from multiple perspectives,offering guidance for the development of advanced energy storage systems.

关键词： Hybrid energy storage system Battery Hydrogen Stationary Large-scale Multifunctional

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Comparative Life Cycle Analysis of Battery Energy Storage Technologies for Grid Applications: Case Study in China 35

Comparative Life Cycle Analysis of Battery Energy Storage Te...

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35th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, ECOS 2022

作者： Han, Xiaoqu Li, Yanxin Chang, Hongzhang Chen, Nana Huang, Xiaofan Tang, Xiaoping Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9788774756989

With ever increasing penetration of renewable energy sources into the power grid, the development and commercialization of large-scale energy storage system (ESS) have been accelerated. It is of great significance to evaluate the sustainability of ESSs for grid applications. In the present work, a comprehensive life cycle inventory analysis model, which involves the manufacturing, usage, transportation and recycling processes, was developed for lithium iron phosphate battery (LIPB), nickel manganese cobalt oxide battery (NMCB) and vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The functional unit was 1MWh of delivered energy from ESS to the grid. The ReCiPe 2016 (H) method was selected and data analysis was carried out in SimaPro software. The global warming potential (GWP) of LIPB, NMCB and VRFB in the grid peak-shaving scenario were obtained as 129 kgCO2-eq/MWh, 146 kgCO2-eq/MWh and 365 kgCO2-eq/MWh, respectively. GWP of different batteries in renewable energy sources (photovoltaic and wind power) was also predicted based on the developed model. The key materials that contributed significantly to GWP were also identified. Moreover, the future trend in GWP was analyzed based on the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. It is indicated that GWP of LIPB, NMCB and VRFB in the announced pledges scenario could be reduced to approximately 75% in 2030, and 24%~41% in 2050, respectively. Parametric analysis was then carried out, indicating that the round-trip efficiency and number of daily cycles exhibited the significant influence. The results would promote the environment, policy and business model optimization for large-scale energy storage in the low-carbon power systems. © Proceedings of ECOS 2022 - 35th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems.

关键词： Life cycle

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Thermal-hydraulic performance evaluation of annular fuel based on modified FROBA-ANNULAR

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 108-118页

作者： Li, Chenxi Liao, Haoyu Wu, Yingwei Tian, Wenxi Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

In this study, based on the modification of the pellet cladding mechanical interaction, gap closure process, and the cladding water corrosion model, Fuel Rod Behavior Analysis-ANNULAR (FROBA-ANNULAR) was uprated. The modified code was verified with FRAPCON-ANNULAR and ABAQUS. The verification calculation was under low power density when both two gaps were open. The calculation results showed good agreement. The modified code was then utilized to evaluate the annular fuel behavior, compared with the original code FROBA-ANNULAR. In this study, the annular fuel exhibits a much lower peak fuel temperature(about 900K). The different results for heat flux fraction(0.55 for the original code, 0.66 for the modified code) indicated that the gap closure process strongly affected the movement of the adiabatic pellet line. The internal pressure results (7.5 MPa for the original code, 6 MPa for the modified code) were also affected by the different assumptions. The results also showed that Zr's oxidation thickness and hydrogen concentration were related to both time and temperature. The higher the temperature was, the larger the oxidation rate was when the transition thickness was reached. © 2021

关键词： Heat flux

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Development of a three-dimensional method for thermal-hydraulics/neutronics coupling analysis and its application on CFETR helium-cooled solid breeder blanket

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 154-165页

作者： Lian, Qiang Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Blankets are of practical importance in the fusion reactor due to their main functions for engineering application. As the fusion power designed for the Chinese Fusion engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is increased from 200 MW to 1.5 GW during its phase II operation, more challenges are issued for blankets from the points of view of thermal-hydraulics, neutronics, mechanics, and safety. In this paper, the Coupling Analysis of Thermal-hydraulics and Neutronics Interface Code (CATNIC) was developed using the user-defined function (UDF) in the CFD software FLUENT. The explicit coupling scheme based on cell-to-cell mapping approach was adopted to transfer data between neutronics calculation and thermal-hydraulics simulation. Three-dimensional thermal-hydraulic model and neutronics model were established using Fluent and MCNP4C, respectively. The helium-cooled solid breeder (HCSB) blanket of CFETR was simplified as a slice model to reduce the computing resources. With the slice model of CFETR HCSB blanket, the coupling analysis was carried out using the developed CATNIC. The calculation results from coupling and non-coupling analyses were compared to verify the feasibility of the coupling method in this study. As the helium coolant was considered as the transparent medium for neutron, the thermal-hydraulic and neutronics analyses were both converged after two iterations. However, using the developed coupling method in this study, the detailed change of tritium production ratio (TPR) and nuclear heat deposition in different parts of the blanket was revealed, which could provide important guidance for the design of the distribution for both coolant and purge gas. © 2021 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Coolants

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Deactivation of V2O5–WO3–TiO2 SCR Catalyst by HF During Co-Firing Electrolytic Aluminum Waste with Coal 9th

Deactivation of V2O5–WO3–TiO2 SCR Catalyst by HF During Co...

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9th International Symposium on Coal Combustion, ISCC 2019

作者： Zhu, Zhengrong Ma, Shihao Wang, Yikun Zhang, Yan Qiu, Yuxiao Deng, Lei Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd Xi’an710032 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811616563

Fluorine-containing waste from the electrolytic aluminum industry would cause environmental pollutions if the waste is improperly disposed. It is important and urgent to develop a harmless treatment method for the waste. In this paper, co-firing electrolytic aluminum waste with coal was studied. And the deactivation of V2O5–WO3–TiO2 SCR catalyst by HF was investigated by a lab-scale experimental system. The results show that HF is harmful to the catalyst. The denitrification efficiency of catalyst sample which treated by flue gas with HF is reduced. The denitrification efficiency of sample increases with increasing work temperature and deactivation temperature. When the work temperature is 400 °C, the denitrification efficiency of catalyst sample is higher than 90%. Analysis by temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the definite dispersion of F on the surface of SCR catalysts. HF would lead to decrease specific surface areas, surface acidity, and oxidation–reduction ability. Although the concentrations of Oβ (surface adsorbed oxygen) increases owing to HF, which may interact with TiO2 to destroy the carrier structure. Meanwhile, there is a chemical deactivation for the influence of HF on V2O5 and WO3. © 2022, Tsinghua University Press.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Numerical Study on Combustion and NOx Emission Characteristics of Co-Firing Semi-Coke and Coal in a Tangentially-Fired Utility Boiler 9th

Numerical Study on Combustion and NOx Emission Characteristi...

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9th International Symposium on Coal Combustion, ISCC 2019

作者： Feng, Qinqin Wang, Chang’an Wang, Pengqian Wang, Zhichao Yao, Wei Zhao, Lei Du, Yongbo Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. LTD Xi’an710054 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811616563

With the booming coal industry and the increasing production of semi-coke, a large number of small particles and powder pyrolysis semi-coke are urgent to be exploited. Co-firing semi-coke with coal is a potential approach to achieve clean and efficient utilization of such low-volatile fuel. In this paper, the co-combustion performance of semi-coke and coal in a 135 MW tangentially-fired boiler was investigated by numerical simulation. The influences of semi-coke blending ratio, blending mode and injection position on the combustion efficiency and NOx generation characteristics of the utility boiler were extensively analyzed. The simulation results indicated that the NOx emission at the furnace outlet was elevated and the burn-out ratio declined with an increase in semi-coke blending ratio. Different heights of semi-coke injected position could lead to different combustion efficiency and NOx emissions. The semi-coke was recommended to be injected from the middle layer of burners to obtain low carbon content in fly ash. The blending methods (in-furnace versus out-furnace) had certain impacts on the NOx emission and carbon content in fly ash. High burn-out ratio could be obtained when the semi-coke and coal were injected from different burners. © 2022, Tsinghua University Press.

关键词： Coal

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Vapor-liquid equilibrium of H2/CO2 and H2/N2/CO2 mixture, the liquefaction technology related to the supercritical water gasification products

Vapor-liquid equilibrium of H2/CO2 and H2/N2/CO2 mixture, th...

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International Multidisciplinary Conference on Computer and Energy Science (SpliTech)

作者： Hongtu Wu Hui Jin School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an China

In this paper, the dew point and liquid phase composition of H 2 /CO 2 and H 2 /CO 2 /N 2 mixtures at phase equilibrium calculated by PR-BM equation and Van Der Waal mixing rule with commercial MATLAB software are introduced, it is of theoretical significance for the wide application of the products of supercritical water gasification. First, the results obtained by the self-programming code are verified with the experimental data, the experimental data and simulation results of two kinds of CO 2 /H 2 mixtures and two kinds of CO 2 /N 2 /H 2 mixtures were compared. The average percentage deviation was 2.69%, 4.05%, 2.22%, 1.20%, respectively. Thus the absolute deviations of the mixtures are within the acceptable range, therefore, the model proposed in this paper can well predict the dew point of the mixtures composed of H 2 /CO 2 or H 2 /CO 2 /N 2 .Afterwards, the dew point and the CO 2 content in the liquid phase of common H 2 /CO 2 and H 2 /CO 2 /N 2 vapor mixtures in supercritical water gasification products were predicted, and a series of analysis and discussion were conducted on the predicted results finally.

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