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Co_(2)N Nanoparticles Anchored on N-Doped Active Carbon as Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Zinc–Air Battery

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第3期5卷 935-943页

作者： Xianli Wu Guosheng Han Hao Wen Yanyan Liu Lei Han Xingyu Cui Jiajing Kou Baojun Li Jianchun Jiang Research Center of Green Catalysis College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou 450001China National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsChinese Academy of ForestryNanjing 210042China College of Science Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University480 Stadium Mall DriveIN 47906United States State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University28 Xianning West RoadXi'an 710049China

The development of efficient catalytic electrode toward oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is still a great challenge for the wide use of zinc–air ***,Co_(2)N nanoparticles(NPs)anchored on N-doped carbon from cattail were verified with excellent catalytic performances for *** onset and half-wave potentials over the optimal catalyst reach to 0.96 V and 0.84 V,*** retention rates of 96.8%after 22-h test and 98.8%after running 1600 s were obtained in 1 M methanol *** functional theory simulation proposes an apparently increased electronic states of Co_(2)N in N-doped carbon layer close to the Fermi *** charge density,favorable adsorption,and charge transfer of intermediates originate from the coexistence of Co_(2)N NPs and N atoms in carbon *** superior catalytic activity of composites also was confirmed in zinc–air *** novel catalytic property and controllable preparation approach of Co_(2)Ncarbon composites provide a promising avenue to fabricate metal-containing catalytically active carbon from biomass.

关键词： catalytically active carbon Co2N nanoparticles N-doping oxygen reduction reaction zinc–air battery

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Numerical Investigation on Isolated Moving Charged Droplet Evaporation in Electrostatic Field with Highly Volatile R134a 15

Numerical Investigation on Isolated Moving Charged Droplet E...

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15th Triennial International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, ICLASS 2021

作者： Tian, Jiameng Wang, Junfeng Chen, Bin School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China

Fundamental investigations of the charged droplet evaporation are helpful in enhancing the cooling capability and advancing the electrostatic spray model, whereas the corresponding data with the highly volatile R134a under electric field is very scarce. In this work, an improved evaporation model accounting for the effects of the corona wind, Coulombic fission and electric force under the electric field was developed and validated to evaluate the importance of the electric field on the moving charged R134a droplet evaporation for the first time. Results demonstrated that the electrostatic field can improve the charged droplet evaporation by means of the heat and mass transfer enhancement by the corona wind and counteracting the drag force from air. The droplet lifetime was shortened by 20.8% (from 105.6 ms to 83.6 ms) when the applied voltage increased from 0 kV to 10 kV. Exponential decay in the charged droplet lifetime when the applied voltage increased was observed. © 2021 ICLASS 2021 - 15th Triennial International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Drops

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Operational Flexibility Analysis of 1100 MW Supercritical Coal-Fired power Plants during Load Cycling Transient Processes

Operational Flexibility Analysis of 1100 MW Supercritical Co...

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IEEE Asia power and Energy engineering Conference (APEEC)

作者： Lu Chen Dengliang Wang Jie Ma Yongliang Zhao Weixiong Chen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University China Energy Engineering Group Northwest China Electric Power Test Research Institute Co. LTD Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China Ulatt Power Plant of Northern United Power Co. Ltd Bayannur

Operational flexibility of the coal-fired power plants must be improved so as to deal with the unpredictability of renewable energy in the future. In this study, a 1100 MW supercritical coal-fired power plant was selected, and dynamic simulation model of the unit was established via GSE software. Moreover, control model was added. Dynamic response characteristics of key thermal parameters under different power ramp rates in the region of 30%-100% THA was obtained. The cumulative standard coal consumption rate and integral absolute error were selected as the economic evaluation index of the thermal system. The results show that the maximum power ramp rate of the unit in each region during loading up is smaller than that during loading down. In the loading down process, the standard coal consumption rate of the unit firstly decreases with the reduction of output power. When the load of the unit drops to the target load, the standard coal consumption rate rises to a stabler stage. The process of loading up is the contrary. The cumulative standard coal consumption rate of coal-fired power plant is the lowest, only 275 g•(kW•h) -1 during the loading down process of 100%-75% THA. However, the cumulative standard coal consumption rate is the highest, reaching 311 g(•kW•h) -1 during the loading up process of 30%-50% THA. Due to the output power of the unit fluctuating greatly, the integral absolute error of the unit is much higher than that of other load cycling transient processes during the loading up process of 50%-75% THA and 30%-50% THA. It can be concluded that the loading up process of the unit is more difficult to control stably. This study can provide sufficient theoretical and data guidance for improving the operational flexibility of the coal-fired power plants.

关键词： Economics Fluctuations Loading Process control Coal Software Transient analysis

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Evaluating the chemical kinetics of aluminium/alumina/water reactions using molecular dynamics

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Computational Materials Science 2025年 257卷

作者： Zhao, Hao Zhang, Yingjia Liu, Yuncong Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China

Strength of aluminium in generating heat and hydrogen through water reaction highlight its potential as a green hydrogen carrier, but the formation of a passive oxide layer (alumina) inhibits further reactions thus hydrogen yield. This study employs reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the ReaxFF force field to investigate interactions between water and alumina-coated aluminium surfaces at temperatures ranging from 1000 K to 2500 K. Analysis of diffusion-driven reaction kinetics shows that hydrogen generation is primarily controlled by hydrogen atom diffusion within the aluminium bulk. Higher temperatures significantly accelerate both diffusion and reaction rates, shifting the mechanism from diffusion-limited to chemically controlled. Atomic-level reaction pathway analysis, using an in-house atom status tracing code, reveals the dynamic evolution of aluminium atom states. The results emphasize the roles of hydrogen and oxygen diffusion and indicate that O–H bond cleavage mainly proceeds through internal atomic diffusion. These findings offer detailed atomic-scale insight into the aluminium-water reaction, capturing both oxidizer diffusion and thermal effects. The study highlights the importance of thermal activation in enhancing reaction efficiency and safety, reinforcing aluminium's potential for green hydrogen production in carbon–neutral energy systems. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Rate constants

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Heat Transfer Prediction of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Vertical Tube Based on Artificial Neural Networks

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第5期30卷 1751-1767页

作者： ZHU Bingguo ZHU Xinjie XIE Jian XU Jinliang LIU Huan Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System North China Electric Power UniversityMinistry of EducationBeijing102206China School of Mechanical&Electronical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

Accurate prediction of supercritical CO_(2)(scCO_(2))heat transfer is important for heat exchanger design and safe operation of scCO_(2)power *** main prediction method is empirical *** paper demonstrates an alternative way by artificial neural networks(ANN)model with two hidden *** assess widely cited correlations and newly developed ANN model,scCO_(2)heat transfer experiment in vertical tube with pressure up to 20.8 MPa was performed to extend experiment database,which includes 2674 *** with empirical correlations,the ANN model is promising for following advantages:(1)ANN model has much better prediction *** mean relative error,mean absolute relative error and the root-mean-square relative error between predicted and measured wall temperatures are eA=0.38%,eR=4.88%and eS=7.29%,respectively.(2)ANN model performs faster computation speed.(3)ANN model can accurately and speedily predict scCO_(2)heat transfer performance for both normal heat transfer and heat transfer deterioration *** trained ANN program is provided with this paper,which is a useful tool and can be directly applied in engineering of scCO_(2)heat transfer.

关键词： supercritical CO_(2) heat transfer prediction ANN model correlations

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Condensation Characteristic of Sulfuric Acid Vapor on Low-Temperature Surface of Tube Heat Exchanger 9th

Condensation Characteristic of Sulfuric Acid Vapor on Low-Te...

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9th International Symposium on Coal Combustion, ISCC 2019

作者： Sun, Ke Yan, Yu Hu, Fangfang Deng, Lei Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Hangzhou310030 China China Energy Engineering Group Shaanxi Electric Power Design Institute Co. Ltd Xi’an710054 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811616563

In the low-low temperature flue gas system, a part of the H2SO4 vapor is adsorbed by the ash particles, and the other part will condense on the surface of the heat exchanger, resulting in low-temperature corrosion. In this paper, a numerical model for the condensation of H2SO4 vapor on low-temperature surface is constructed. This model combines the thermodynamic phase equilibrium theory, the multicomponent transport theory and the heat transfer theory. The effects of flue gas properties, the size and arrangement of heat exchanger are studied. The results show that, the condensation rate is mainly related to the concentration gradient of H2SO4 vapor near the surface. As the flue gas or surface temperature increases, condensation rate decreases. When the flue gas velocity increases, the mass transfer resistance is reduced, thereby the condensation rate is increased. As the content of H2SO4 in the flue gas increases, the concentration gradient of H2SO4 vapor near the surface increases, and the condensation rate of increases linearly. But the content of water vapor has little effect on the H2SO4 condensation rate. For the tube heat exchanger, when the working conditions keep the same, the smaller the outer diameter of the tube, the greater the condensation rate of the H2SO4 vapor. Compared with the inline arrangement, when the tubes are staggered, the disturbance of flue gas is stronger, and the condensation rate is larger. © 2022, Tsinghua University Press.

关键词： Flue gases

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Comprehensive Performance Analysis of Steam and Flue Gas Stepwise/Staged Heating Molten Salt Thermal Storage Systems Coupled with Coal-Fired power Plants

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Jing, Hao Wang, Dengliang Chen, Weixiong Zhao, Yongliang Wang, Chaoyang Zhang, Kezhen Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Xi’an710054 China

The rapid development of renewable energy has put forward higher requirements for the flexibility and deep peak shaving ability of coal-fired power plants (CFPPs). Molten salt thermal energy storage (TES) is considered a potential solution. In this study, a CFPP coupled steam and flue gas stepwise/staged heating molten salt TES system is proposed. The proportion of steam thermal energy allocated to the molten salt and feed water is adjusted. The thermodynamic and economic performance of two configurations under different thermal load distribution ratios are compared and studied. The results show that with the increase of molten salt thermal load distribution ratio, the thermal storage capacity, denitrification efficiency, and charging exergy loss increase, while the equivalent round-trip efficiency, energy storage density, and discharging exergy loss decrease. When the molten salt thermal load distribution ratio is the same, the stepwise configuration has higher energy storage density and denitrification efficiency, lower charging exergy loss of TES, and better economic performance. The staged configuration has higher thermal storage capacity and lower exergy loss of CFPP. In general, the economic performance of the stepwise configuration is higher, while the staged configuration's thermodynamic performance is higher. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coal fired power plant

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Dense fluid transport through nanoporous graphene membranes in the limit of steric exclusion

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Physical Review Fluids 2024年第4期9卷 044202-044202页

作者： Runfeng Zhou Mathew M. Swisher Akshay Deshmukh Chengzhen Sun John H. Lienhard Nicolas G. Hadjiconstantinou Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China Center for Computational Science & Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

We investigate transport of dense fluid flow through nanoporous membranes in the limit of steric exclusion using molecular dynamics (MD) and finite element simulations. Simulation results suggest that, for simple fluids, deviations from Sampson flow are a consequence of the competition between slip and finite atomic size effects. The latter manifest themselves by introducing an effective pore size, as well as an effective membrane thickness. We propose an analytical model for the membrane permeance that accounts for all these factors. We also show how this model can be modified to describe transport of low molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons across these membranes in the steric limit. Extensive validation of this model is conducted through MD simulations of Lennard-Jones fluids permeating single- and multilayer graphene membranes, as well as low molecular weight organic liquids permeating single-layer graphene membranes.

关键词： Nanofluidics Finite-element method Molecular dynamics

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PLIF thermometry using OH origin from photo dissociation of water 6

PLIF thermometry using OH origin from photo dissociation of ...

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6th International Symposium on Laser Interaction with Matter

作者： Li, Guohua Ye, Jingfeng Zhang, Zhenrong Wang, Sheng Shao, Jun Hu, Zhiyun Wang, Jinhua Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Laser Interaction with Matter Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510660236

A technique that expands the OH-LIF thermometry range is developed. The PLIF of OH from dissociation of water in gas phase is used for temperature measurement both in flame and room air. The thermometry results from photo-fragmentation laser induced fluorescence(PF-PLIF) at time delay from 200ns to 1ms after dissociation agree well with results from PLIF of OH from burning which are calibrated by CARS thermometry. And the results in room air agree with environment temperature at time delay from 50ns to 0.2ms. These two results validate the PF-PLIF thermometry method both in flame and room temperature, which allowing thermometry at low temperature or non-reaction region. At last the PF-PLIF was applied in a jet flow, and the temperature results from PF-PLIF, PLIF and CARS at different height of jet were compared. © 2022 SPIE.

关键词： Dissociation

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Evaporation of sub-millimeter flying dinitrogen tetroxide droplet under high temperature and pressure: Experimental measurement and theoretical modeling

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第5期 82-93页

作者： Lihan FEI Wu ZHU Yuyuan ZHANG Peng ZHANG Zuohua HUANG Chenglong TANG State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong

The evaporation behaviors are crucial for the flame location estimation in liquid rocketengines. This work, for the first time, experimentally reports the sub-millimeter droplet evaporationcharacteristics of the corrosive dinitrogen tetroxide（NTO, one prevailing hypergolic oxidizer） athigh ambient pressure up to 4.5 MPa. An in-house corrosion-resistant droplet generator is usedto generate isolated flying droplets of sub-millimeter size, which are then exposed in a gas environ-ment with temperatures between 1 010 K and 1 210 K and pressures in the range between 2.0 MPaand 4.5 MPa, provided by an optical rapid compression machine. Parallelly, a theoretical modelconsidering both the droplet ambient convection and the NTO dissociation is developed. Resultsindicate that firstly, the present theoretical model that considers the transient droplet-ambient con-vection as well as the temperature and pressure dependent rate of dissociation shows good agree-ment with the experimentally observed droplet lifetime. In addition, the flying droplets velocityregress gradually due to momentum exchange with the ambient, which is more prominent at higherpressure. The evaporation caused droplet size reduction is consistent with the classical D2-law pre-diction, in the present temperature and pressure range. Finally, higher temperature and pressureaccelerate the evaporation and an empirical correlation for the temperature and pressure dependentevaporation rate constant is proposed, which shows good agreement with experiment and simula-tion results.

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