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Modulating conductivity type of cuprous oxide（Cu2O） films on copper foil in aqueous solution by comproportionation

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第8期35卷 1570-1577页

作者： Changwei Tang Xiaohui Ning Jian Li Hui-Lin Guo Ying Yang Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry & Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710127 China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049 China

Cuprous oxide(Cu2O)is an attractive material for photoelectrochemical(PEC)hydrogen production or photovoltaic application,because of its appropriate band gap,low material cost and *** this paper,Cu2O films were obtained by comproportionation in acid cupric sulfate solutions with varying concentrations of potassium *** and electrochemical experiments,such as zero-bias photocurrent responses,voltammograms,and Mott-Schottky measurements,show that the Cu2O films grown in low(≤0.75 mol dm^–3)and high(≥1.00 mol dm^–3)nitrate ion concentrations presented n-type and p-type conductivity,*** circuit potential and polarization behavior were monitored to investigate the mechanism of modulating conductivity *** ions consume protons in the plating solution during comproportionation with different concentrations of nitrate ions creating different pH at the Cu2O/solution *** gradient leads to the transformation of Cu2Ofilms conductivity changing from n-type to p-type with increasing the concentration of nitrate ions in the plating *** method could be used to fabricate homojunction electrode on metal substrate for PEC hydrogen production or photoelectric application.

关键词： Cuprous oxide(Cu2O) Comproportionation Semiconductor films Tuning conductivity Photoelectrochemical cell

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Single-atom cobalt-incorporating carbon nitride for photocatalytic solar hydrogen conversion: An X-ray spectromicroscopy study

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Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 2023年 264卷

作者： Huang, Yu-Cheng Chen, Jie Lu, Ying-Rui Arul, K. Thanigai Ohigashi, Takuji Chen, Jeng-Lung Chen, Chi-Liang Shen, Shaohua Chou, Wu-Ching Pong, Way-Faung Dong, Chung-Li National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu30010 Taiwan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of Physics Tamkang University New Taipei City25137 Taiwan Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukabu Japan UVSOR Synchrotron Facility Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki Japan International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi`an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi`an710049 China Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

The use of carbon nitride-based materials and light to drive catalytic water splitting has enormous potential for the production of hydrogen. Revealing the processes of molecular conjugation, nucleation, and crystallization in crystalline carbon nitride is expected to enhance the photocatalytic activity through the creation of isotype heterojunctions and active sites. In this work, the addition of cobalt salts in ionothermal synthesis was found to promote the phase transition of heptazine-based crystalline carbon nitride (CCN) to triazine-based poly (triazine imide) (PTI), resulting in the formation of a single-atom cobalt-doped coordinated isotype CCN/PTI heterojunction. The new hybrid orbital modulates the atomic/electronic structure and the band gap of the CCN/PTI heterojunction, and synergistically increases the absorption of visible light, accelerating the separation and transfer of photoexcited electrons and holes. Synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy and microscopy are used to identify the origin of the improved performance of the single-atom cobalt-doped CCN/PTI heterojunction in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. This work demonstrates that synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy is a promising tool for designing materials aimed at enhancing photocatalytic activity in solar energy conversion applications. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Carbon nitride

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Function-switchable metal/semiconductor junction enables efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting with selective water oxidation products

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Science Bulletin 2020年第16期65卷 1389-1395,M0004页

作者： Daixing Wei Yubo Tan Yiqing Wang Tingting Kong Shaohua Shen Samuel S.Maoc International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Shiyou UniversityXi'an 710054China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

A novel metal/semiconductor photocatalyst,Cu nanoparticles(NPs)modified TiO2 hollow spheres(Cu/TiO2),was designed for efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting(POWS)under both ultraviolet(UV)and visible(Vis)*** Cu/TiO2 photocatalyst possesses excellent POWS performance under Vis light at the highest level among the reported TiO2-based ***,the metal/semiconductor junction formed between Cu and TiO2 enables controlled water-oxidation product selectivity(H2O2 or O2)via different reaction pathways regulated by irradiation *** UV light,the electrons excited in TiO2 are captured by Cu NPs through the Cu/TiO2 Schottky interface for H2 production,with the photoholes in TiO2 producing H2O2 through a two-electron process;whilst under Vis light,Cu NPs act as plasmon to inject hot electrons to TiO2 for H2 production,while O2 is produced by hot holes on Cu NPs via a four-electron *** rational design of function-switchable metal/semiconductor junction may be helpful to understand the mechanisms for POWS with desired gas/liquid water-oxidation products.

关键词： Photocatalysis Water splitting Product selectivity Reaction pathway Metal/semiconductor junction

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Performance of different flocculants for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris by dissolved air flotation and sedimentation

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Bioresource technology 2025年 433卷 132743页

作者： X Wei N R H Rao S Tyagi W Thielemans W Cao L J Guo K Muylaert State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China Laboratory of Aquatic Biology KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium. Laboratory of Aquatic Biology KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium Sustainable Materials Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium. Electronic address: n.hanumanthrao@unsw.edu.au. Sustainable Materials Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China. Electronic address: caowenxjtu@***. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China. Electronic address: lj-guo@***. Laboratory of Aquatic Biology KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium. Electronic address: koenraad.muylaert@kuleuven.be.

This study systematically evaluated the performance of dissolved air flotation and sedimentation for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris using eight different flocculants. Significant variation was observed in both the maximum harvesting efficiency and the minimum effective flocculant dose across different flocculant-process combinations. Among the tested flocculants, pyridinium modified cellulose nanocrystals achieved the highest harvesting efficiency of 99 % in both dissolved air flotation and sedimentation, while chitosan required the lowest minimum flocculant dose (∼2 mg·g) to induce flocculation. The impact of floc size formed during the flocculation step on harvesting performance was also investigated, revealing that large flocs significantly favored sedimentation-based microalgae harvesting. A preliminary cost analysis highlighted the importance of integrating economic considerations into the selection of both flocculant and harvesting method. The findings suggest that optimal flocculant and process selection should be based not only on harvesting efficiency but also on cost-effectiveness for microalgal biomass recovery.

关键词： Cationic flocculants Dissolved air flotation optimization Floc size distribution Microalgal recovery Water treatment

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Lattice Boltzmann simulation on adsorption of sulfuric acid vapor by ash particles

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Fuel 2025年 401卷

作者： Jiyun Ren Chongjun Jiang Fangfang Hu Hui Wang Yunhao Shao Xinyu Liu Zhang Wu Feng Pan Qidong Yang Lei Deng Defu Che State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing 102249 China China Energy Engineering Group Shaanxi Electric Power Design Institute Co. Ltd. Xi’an 710054 China West Pipeline Company of PipeChina Urumchi 830000 China

In the low-low temperature flue gas systems, sulfuric acid vapor is adsorbed onto the ash particles. Based on the SEM images of ash particles, the OpenCV library in C++ is employed for image binarization, which aids in developing a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) that incorporates convection–diffusion and surface adsorption. The adsorption process of sulfuric acid vapor by ash particles with different chemical compositions is simulated and evaluated. The results indicate that sulfuric acid vapor exits through the ash particles at 5.1 μs, and stabilizes after 51 μs, reaching a maximum velocity of 0.29 m s –1 . Without chemical additives, the ash particles undergo a rapid adsorption phase within the initial 1000 μs, achieving nearly 78.92 % saturation with an average adsorption amount of 1.31 mg g –1 . At 10200 μs, most ash particles approach saturation adsorption, ranging from 1.6 to 1.8 mg g –1 . For all ash particles with added chemical components, adsorption preferentially occurs on the left side at both 5.1 μs and 51 μs. At 510 μs, nearly half of the ash particles with 7.1 % K 2 CO 3 reach adsorption saturation, while approximately one-half of those with 9.2 % Na 2 CO 3 achieve the same. Following the addition of 18.4 % Na 2 CO 3 , smaller ash particles approach saturation at a faster adsorption rate compared to those with 14.2 % K 2 CO 3 , with less than half of the region reaching an adsorption amount of 3.5mg g −1 . At 1000 μs, the ash particles containing 9.2 % and 18.4 % Na 2 CO 3 , along with 7.1 % and 14.2 % K 2 CO 3 , achieve saturation adsorption amounts of 96.14, 96.73 %, 95.45 %, and 93.87 %, respectively. The adsorption rate is high during the first 1000 μs but significantly declines after 1500 μs, nearing saturation by 3000 μs. The addition of 18.4 % Na 2 CO 3 results in porosity of up to 73.65 % and fewer large particles, allowing for faster mainstream velocity and mass transfer within the pores, thereby facilitating the vapor adsorption. By integrat

关键词： Adsorption Ash particles Image binarization Lattice Boltzmann method Sulfuric acid vapor

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PRELIMINARY NEUTRONIC/THERMAL-HYDRAULIC AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF PRESSURIZED WATER REACTOR LOADED WITH FULLY CERAMIC MICROENCAPSULATED FUEL

PRELIMINARY NEUTRONIC/THERMAL-HYDRAULIC AND SAFETY ASSESSMEN...

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2020 International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal Hydraulics, ATH 2020

作者： Wu, Di Gui, Minyang Zhang, Dalin Wang, Chenglong Wu, Yingwei Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng Tian, Wenxi Yang, Hongfa Peng, Jingyang Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an710049 China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213 China Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China Beijing100082 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487774

As one of the accident tolerant fuels (ATFs), fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) fuel shows superior safety performance in accidents, which has the characteristics of high melting point, excellent heat transfer ability and strong nuclear proliferation resistance. Based on the neutronic analysis of Chinese advanced three loop pressurized water reactor (PWR), the assemblies and cores of FCM-SiC and UO2-Zr were designed, power distributions and cycle lengths were obtained, and the power was adjusted to ensure the annual refueling requirements. By using system analysis code, station blackout (SBO) accident in FCM-SiC and UO2-Zr was analyzed, where the steam-driven auxiliary feedwater (AFW) in secondary loop failed to be supplied in time. Assuming that the AFW system couldn't be put into operation immediately after accident, the critical time could be calculated, that is to say, fuel centerline temperature (FCT) and peak cladding temperature (PCT) wouldn't exceed corresponding limits during accident once the AFW was provided within the critical time. It is found that the critical time of FCM-SiC is 9000s and higher than that of UO2-Zr (7000s), which shows the advantages of ATFs. This work could provide reference for the optimized design of the reactor safety system in the future. © ATH 2020 - International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal *** rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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CFD and FEM combined study on the solid particle erosion damage of multi-stage compressor blades

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Powder Technology 2025年

作者： Hongkun Zhan Yanfang Hou Liuxi Cai Jiaming He Yun Li Shunsen Wang Juan Di School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 PR China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 PR China School of Vehicle and Traffic Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Taiyuan 030024 PR China

Dust and sand particles in the air can cause serious erosion damage to the titanium alloy blades of the compressor, significantly reducing the working life of the engine. To study the erosion mechanism of solid particles on multi-stage compressor blades in detail, first, CFD gas-solid two-phase flow numerical simulation method is employed to study the motion and impact behavior of quartz sand particles in the compressor flow channel, which clarify the macroscopic mechanism of particle erosion damage on the blades and determine the particle impact parameters. Then, the microscopic erosion damage mechanism of titanium alloy blades is studied through an improved FEM method. Considering the characteristics of multiple particle impingement, random particle shape, random impingement position, and repetitive erosion process during the impact process, a three-dimensional multi-particle random cyclic impact finite element calculation model is established for the first time. On the basis, coupled analysis of the characteristics of material microdamage morphology, system energy conversion and dissipation, and target material erosion weight loss is conducted to reveal the dynamic erosion damage mechanism of multi-particle impacting titanium alloys. Finally, the influences of factors such as the impact velocity, impact angle, and particle shape on the dynamic erosion damage behavior of titanium alloy targets were explored.

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High-Ni Low-Co High-Capacity Li-Rich Cathode Materials Via Adjusting Li2mno3 Content and Li/Ni Mixing Structures

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wu, Zhen Zou, Kunyang Dai, Xin Zhang, Yu-Han Zhang, Xudong Wang, Hao Hou, Zhufeng Ma, Lijing Liu, Yan Chen, Yuanzhen Guo, Shengwu Liu, Yongning State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao266101 China Center for High Performance Computing Network Information Center Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Hefei Advanced Computing Center Operation Management Corp Ltd Hefei230088 China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou350002 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) are considered as the promising cathode materials for next-generation high energy density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, severe voltage fade and capacity decay hinder their commercial applications. Increasing the Ni content in LLOs effectively improves the stability and discharge voltage, but shows reduced capacities, typically © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium compounds

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A subcooled boiling model developed for narrow rectangular channels based on the CFD method 18

A subcooled boiling model developed for narrow rectangular c...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Li, Linfeng Wang, Mingjun Zhang, Dalin Tian, Wenxi Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

The accurate prediction of subcooled boiling phenomena in narrow rectangular channels is of great importance for the plate type fuel reactor core safety analysis during some critical scenarios. Serious of experimental studies on subcooled boiling in narrow rectangular channels indicate that a bubble may slide on the heating surface after nucleation and then lift to the main flow, merging with not-yet-fully-grown bubble and disrupting local boundary layer. In this paper, the influence of sliding bubbles is taken into consideration in wall boiling model and implanted into the CFD code to simulate boiling in narrow rectangular channel. Bubble dynamics is used in calculating the relevant bubble diameters during ebulletin cycle. The feasibility of this proposed model is validated with existed experimental data by comparing wall superheat. This work could promote the development of CFD two-phase flow simulation capacity in the plate type fuel nuclear reactor. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Low to intermediate temperature ignition delay times of nitromethane 12

Low to intermediate temperature ignition delay times of nitr...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Yang, Meng Tang, Chenglong Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

In this work, the auto-ignition experiments of nitromethane at the low to intermediate temperature, fuel concentration of 2%, pressure of 30 bar and different equivalence ratios have been investigated by using rapid compression machine. The pressure profiles of nitromethane ignition were observed. Results show that a distinct two-stage heat release process is found at ? = 0.5. And multi-stage heat release is also observed with temperature decreasing. Subsequently, the effect of equivalence ratio on the nitromethane ignition is performed. The results show that the dependence of nitromethane ignition on the equivalence ratio is weak. In addition, the experimental data are used to validate the recent developed mechanisms of nitromethane. Relative large deviations are observed between experiments and predictions. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Combustion

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