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Variations in source-specific soil organic matter components across 32 forest sites in China

Carbon Research 2024年第1期3卷 1-16页

作者： Sun, Guodong Wang, Mengke Zhang, Qiang Wang, Yinghui Yang, Yuanxi Xu, Shan Wang, Junjian State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Zhuhai519082 China Zhuhai519082 China

Forest soils store substantial amounts of carbon in various soil organic matter (SOM) components due to high plant litter inputs and active microbial turnover. However, the variations in plant- and microbial-derived SOM components in surface and subsurface forest soils across a wide geographic scale remain poorly understood. This study investigated the SOM components from aboveground and belowground plant inputs and fungal and bacterial necromass in surface (soil0–5 cm) and subsurface (soil5–10 cm) soils across 32 forest sites in China and analyzed their relationships with climate and edaphic factors. Compared to soil0–5 cm, soil5–10 cm exhibited lower soil organic carbon content and cutin biomarker concentration but higher concentrations of fungal necromass carbon and lignin phenols. Higher mean annual precipitation led to higher concentrations of cutin and suberin biomarkers in soil0–5 cm and soil5–10 cm, respectively. Higher soil organic carbon content was associated with lower plant-derived lignin biomarkers, higher lignin oxidation degrees, and increased microbial necromass-derived amino sugars across sites, highlighting the pivotal role of microbial necromass in SOM stabilization. Additionally, both fungal and bacterial necromass decreased with increasing mineral weathering across sites. These insights improve the understanding of environmental drivers of source-specific carbon storage in forest soils. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Amino sugars

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Facile low-temperature supercritical carbonization method to prepare high-loading nickel single atom catalysts for efficient photodegradation of tetracycline

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第4期138卷 373-384页

作者： Han Qiao Lirong Zheng Shiwen Hu Gang Tang Hongri Suo Chongxuan Liu School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF) Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Environmental photocatalysis is a promising technology for treating antibiotics in *** this study,a supercritical carbonization method was developed to synthesize a single-atom photocatalyst with a high loading of Ni(above 5 wt.%)anchored on a carbonnitrogen-silicate substrate for the efficient photodegradation of a ubiquitous environmental contaminant of tetracycline(TC).The photocatalyst was prepared from an easily obtained metal-biopolymer-inorganic supramolecular hydrogel,followed by supercritical drying and carbonization *** low-temperature(300℃)supercritical ethanol treatment prevents the excessive structural degradation of hydrogel and greatly reduces the metal clustering and aggregation,which contributed to the high Ni *** characterizations confirmed that Ni was present at isolated sites and stabilized by Ni-N and Ni-O bonds in a Ni-(N/O)_(6)-C/SiC configuration.A 5%Ni-C-Si catalyst,which performed the best among the studied catalysts,exhibited a wide visible light response with a narrow bandgap of 1.45 eV that could efficiently and repeatedly catalyze the oxidation of TC with a conversion rate of almost 100% within 40 *** reactive species trapping experiments and electron spin resonance(ESR)tests demonstrated that the h+,and·O_(2)-were mainly responsible for TC *** TC degradation mechanism and possible reaction pathways were provided ***,this study proposed a novel strategy to synthesize a high metal loading singleatom photocatalyst that can efficiently remove TC with high concentrations,and this strategy might be extended for synthesis of other carbon-based single-atom catalysts with valuable properties.

关键词： Carbon-based single-atom catalyst Nickel Photocatalytic degradation Tetracycline Visible light

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Causal reasoning in typical computer vision tasks

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 105-120页

作者： ZHANG KeXuan SUN QiYu ZHAO ChaoQiang TANG Yang Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Process Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China National Key Laboratory of Air based Information Perception and Fusion Luoyang 471000China Luoyang Institute of Electro Optical Equipment of Avic Luoyang 471000China

Deep learning has revolutionized the field of artificial *** on the statistical correlations uncovered by deep learning-based methods,computer vision tasks,such as autonomous driving and robotics,are growing *** being the basis of deep learning,such correlation strongly depends on the distribution of the original data and is susceptible to uncontrolled *** the guidance of prior knowledge,statistical correlations alone cannot correctly reflect the essential causal relations and may even introduce spurious *** a result,researchers are now trying to enhance deep learningbased methods with causal *** theory can model the intrinsic causal structure unaffected by data bias and effectively avoids spurious *** paper aims to comprehensively review the existing causal methods in typical vision and visionlanguage tasks such as semantic segmentation,object detection,and image *** advantages of causality and the approaches for building causal paradigms will be *** roadmaps are also proposed,including facilitating the development of causal theory and its application in other complex scenarios and systems.

关键词： causal reasoning computer vision tasks vision-language tasks semantic segmentation object detection

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A novel Na_(1−x)K_(x)TaO_(3)perovskite microwave dielectric ceramic with high permittivity and high positive temperature coefficient

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第11期12卷 2053-2061页

作者： Liu Tang Hongcheng Yang Enzhu Li Chaowei Zhong State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Electronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China

A novel Na_(1−x)K_(x)TaO_(3)(x=0,0.025,0.05,0.075,0.1,and 0.15)ceramic with high permittivity and high positive temperature coefficient was synthesized via the conventional solid-state *** samples were determined to be pure phase orthorhombic NaTaO3 structure of space group Pmcn,and larger grain and lower porosity were observed after adding an appropriate amount of K+*** Q×f value is majored by the packing fraction and grain size,while the value ofτf is influenced by Ta–O bond *** Na_(0.95)K_(0.05)TaO_(3) ceramic possesses excellent dielectric properties ofεr=164.29,Q×f=9091 GHz(f=3.15 GHz),tanδ=3.46×10^(–4),τf=+809.52 ppm/℃,sintered at 1550℃.Compared with NaTaO_(3) ceramics,the Na_(1−x)K_(x)TaO_(3)ceramics prepared in this study demonstrate higher dielectric constants and higher positive temperature coefficients,which are promising for device miniaturization andτf compensators.

关键词： Na_(1−x)K_(x)TaO_(3)ceramics high permittivity high positive temperature coefficient perovskite

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Polarization-encoded neural networks with simplified grating patch

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science China(Technological sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 269-277页

作者： Chengyan ZHONG Xiang WANG Lingfei LI Yuanchi CUI Lei XIAO Dawei SONG Junxiong GUO Wen HUANG Yufeng GUO Yu LIU College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology Nanjing 210023China College of Integrated Circuits Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Nanjing Mumusili Technology Co. LTDNanjing 211100China School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Advanced Study School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Integrated Circuit Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

Optical neural networks(ONNs)offer a promising solution for high-performance,energy-efficient artificial intelligence hardware by leveraging the parallelism and speed of ***,the large-scale implementation of ONNs remains challenging due to the bulky footprint and complex control of optical *** this work,we propose and simulate a plasmonic polarized synaptic architecture that overcomes the diffraction limit and enables ultra-compact *** tuning the polarization state of incident light,the optical transmittance through each plasmonic unit can be dynamically adjusted to represent a synaptic *** plasmonic structures,with features as small as 40 nm,operate well below this limit in the visible spectrum(400-750 nm).Compared with diffraction and interference-based circuit designs,our proposed method achieves a substantial reduction in synaptic density by factors of 150000-fold and 1500-fold,***,we successfully demonstrate a proof-of-concept plasmonic ONN applied to the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research—10 classes(CIFAR-10)dataset using a Visual Geometry Group network with 16 layers(VGG16)*** training for 80 epochs,the network achieves an accuracy of 93%.The polarization-tunable plasmonics paves the way towards scalable ONNs for next-generation artificial intelligence(AI)accelerators and smart sensors.

关键词： optical neural networks polarization dependent nanophotonic ultra-compact devices diffraction limit

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Design of coupling structure between THz flexible waveguide and metal rectangular waveguide 12

Design of coupling structure between THz flexible waveguide ...

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12th IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation, APCAP 2024

作者： Shao, Wei Zhu, Zhongbo Kang, Bochao Li, Sheng Jin, Shengxiao Wang, Caixia Cui, Wanzhao Duan, Chongdi National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Microwave Cast Xi'an China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351019

In this paper, a coupling structure between a terahertz flexible waveguide and a metal rectangular waveguide is designed and optimized. By loading the special-shaped waveguide, the transmission loss of better than -1.5 dB and reflection coefficient of less than -15 dB are designed and achieved in the frequency range of 216-230 GHz. The results indicate that this proposed structure can realize a high conversion efficiency between HE11 mode of flexible waveguide and TE10 mode of metal rectangular waveguide, which provides strong support for future terahertz space communication applications. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Terahertz waves

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Two-dimensional materials-based integrated hardware

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 5-25页

作者： Zhuiri PENG Runfeng LIN Zheng LI Langlang XU Xiangxiang YU Xinyu HUANG Wenhao SHI Xiao HE Xiaohan MENG Lei TONG Xiangshui MIAO Lei YE School of Integrated Circuit Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories Department of Electronic Engineering and Materials Science and Technology Research Center The Chinese University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

In recent years, two-dimensional(2D)materials-based fundamental preparing process such as high-quality wafer-level single crystal thin film synthesis technology and high-performance electrode preparing technology has developed rapidly. In addition, the integrated application prospect of 2D materials has been preliminarily verified, owing to the flat and clean interface between 2D materials and substrates. From the perspective of electronics and optoelectronics based on 2D materials, this paper will summarize the recent studies of integrated circuit hardware, integrated optoelectronic hardware, and hetero-integrated hardware,showing their advantages and potential application.

关键词： two-dimensional materials integrated circuit integrated sensor integrated optoelectronics

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A time sequential microfluid sensor with Tesla valve channels

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Nano Research 2023年第9期16卷 11667-11673页

作者： Pengcheng Zhao Haobin Wang Yaozheng Wang Wei Zhao Mengdi Han Haixia Zhang National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated CircuitsSchool of Integrated CircuitsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesKey Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Future Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The concentration of biomarkers in sweat can be used to evaluate human health,making efficient sweat sensing a focus of *** flow channel design is often used to detect sweat velocity,it is rarely incorporated into the sensing of biomarkers,limiting the richness of sensing *** this study,we report a time sequential sensing scheme for uric acid in sweat through a sequential design of Tesla valve *** electrodes for detecting uric acid and directional Tesla valve flow channels were fabricated using laser engraving technology to realize time sequential *** performance of the channels was verified through *** time sequential detection of uric acid concentration in sweat can help researchers improve the establishment of human health management systems through flexible wearable devices.

关键词： time sequential sensing uric acid Tesla valves laser engraving technology

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Spatial compartmentalization and temporal stability of associated microbiota in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第4期42卷 1348-1358页

作者： Qiang FU Zichao YU Junyan ZHAO Lei GAO Ning KONG Lingling WANG Linsheng SONG Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000China Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China

The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas,one of the most exploited molluscs in the world,has suffered from massive mortality in recent decades,and the occurrence mechanisms have not been well *** this study,to reveal the relationship of associated microbiota to the fitness of oysters,temporal dynamics of microbiota in the gill,hemolymph,and hepatopancreas of *** during April 2018-January 2019 were investigated by 16 S rRNA gene *** microbiota in *** exhibited tissue heterogeneity,of which Spirochaetaceae was dominant in the gill and hemolymph while Mycoplasmataceae enriched in the ***-occurrence network demonstrated that the gill microbiota exhibited higher inter-taxon connectivity while the hemolymph microbiota had more *** richness(Chao 1 index)and diversity(Shannon index)of microbial community in each tissue showed no significant seasonal variations,except for the hepatopancreas having a higher richness in the ***,beta diversity analysis indicated a relatively stable microbiota in each tissue during the sampling period,showing relative abundance of the dominant taxa exhibiting temporal *** indicate that the microbial community in *** showed a tissue-specific stability with temporal dynamics in the composition,which might be essential for the tissue functioning and environmental adaption in *** work provides a baseline microbiota in *** and is helpful for the understanding of host-microbiota interaction in oysters.

关键词： Pacific oyster associated microbiota spatial compartmentalization temporal stability

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Data-Driven control of Distributed Event-Triggered Network Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第2期10卷 351-364页

作者： Xin Wang Jian Sun Gang Wang Frank Allgower Jie Chen the National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems School of AutomationBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081 the Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120China IEEE the Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control University of StuttgartStuttgart 70550Germany the Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804 the National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The present paper deals with data-driven event-triggered control of a class of unknown discrete-time interconnected systems(*** systems).To this end,we start by putting forth a novel distributed event-triggering transmission strategy based on periodic sampling,under which a model-based stability criterion for the closed-loop network system is derived,by leveraging a discrete-time looped-functional *** the model-based criterion with a data-driven system representation recently developed in the literature,a purely data-driven stability criterion expressed in the form of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs)is ***,the data-driven stability criterion suggests a means for co-designing the event-triggering coefficient matrix and the feedback control gain matrix using only some offline collected state-input ***,numerical results corroborate the efficacy of the proposed distributed data-driven event-triggered network system(ETS)in cutting off data transmissions and the co-design procedure.

关键词： Data-driven control distributed event-triggered network system(ETS) linear matrix inequalitie(LMI) looped-functional stability

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