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Collimation of Energetic Electrons from a Laser-Target Interaction by a Magnetized Target Back Plasma Preformed by a Long-Pulse Laser

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Physical Review Letters 2014年第21期112卷 215003-215003页

作者： H. B. Zhuo Z. L. Chen Z. M. Sheng M. Chen T. Yabuuchi M. Tampo M. Y. Yu X. H. Yang C. T. Zhou K. A. Tanaka J. Zhang R. Kodama College of Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 People’s Republic of China Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan MOE Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and Department of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 People’s Republic of China Department of Physics SUPA University of Strathclyde Glasgow G4 0NG United Kingdom Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People’s Republic of China Institute for Theoretical Physics I Ruhr University Bochum D-44780 Germany Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094 People’s Republic of China

It is demonstrated experimentally and by numerical simulations that the presence of a long-pulse-laser-created back plasma on the target backside can focus the relativistic electrons produced by short-pulse laser interaction with the front of a solid target. Comparing this to that without the back plasma, the number density of the fast electrons is increased by one order of magnitude, and their divergence angle is reduced fivefold. The effect is attributed to the absence of the backside sheath electric field and the collimation effect of the megagauss self-generated baroclinic magnetic field there. Such an acceleration scheme can be useful to applications requiring high-energy and charge-density electron bunches, such as fast ignition in inertial fusion.

关键词： COMPUTER simulation LASER pulses ELECTRONS PLASMA acceleration ACCELERATION (Mechanics)

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Correction to: Intensification and Northward extension of Northwest Pacific anomalous anticyclone in El Niño decaying mid-summer: an energetic perspective

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Climate Dynamics 2021年第1期58卷 607-607页

作者： Tang, Haosu Hu, Kaiming Huang, Gang Wang, Ya Tao, Weichen State key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics and Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China IAP/CAS Beijing China

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GRID: A Student Project to Monitor the Transient Gamma-Ray Sky in the Multi-Messenger Astronomy Era

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Wen, Jiaxing Long, Xiangyun Zheng, Xutao An, Yu Cai, Zhengyang Cang, Jirong Che, Yuepeng Chen, Changyu Chen, Liangjun Chen, Qianjun Chen, Ziyun Cheng, Yingjie Deng, Litao Deng, Wei Ding, Wenqing Du, Hangci Duan, Lian Gan, Quan Gao, Tai Gao, Zhiying Han, Wenbin Han, Yiying He, Xinbo He, Xinhao Hou, Long Hu, Fan Hu, Junling Huang, Bo Huang, Dongyang Huang, Xuefeng Jia, Shihai Jiang, Yuchen Jin, Yifei Li, Ke Li, Siyao Li, Yurong Liang, Jianwei Liang, Yuanyuan Lin, Wei Liu, Chang Liu, Gang Liu, Mengyuan Liu, Rui Liu, Tianyu Liu, Wanqiang Lu, Di'an Lu, Peiyibin Lu, Zhiyong Luo, Xiyu Ma, Sizheng Ma, Yuanhang Mao, Xiaoqing Mo, Yanshan Nie, Qiyuan Qu, Shuiyin Shan, Xiaolong Shi, Gengyuan Song, Weiming Sun, Zhigang Tan, Xuelin Tang, Songsong Tao, Mingrui Wang, Boqin Wang, Yue Wang, Zhiang Wu, Qiaoya Wu, Xuanyi Xia, Yuehan Xiao, Hengyuan Xie, Wenjin Xu, Dacheng Xu, Rui Xu, Weili Yan, Longbiao Yan, Shengyu Yang, Dongxin Yang, Hang Yang, Haoguang Yang, Yi-Si Yang, Yifan Yao, Lei Yu, Huan Yu, Yangyi Zhang, Aiqiang Zhang, Bingtao Zhang, Lixuan Zhang, Maoxing Zhang, Shen Zhang, Tianliang Zhang, Yuchong Zhao, Qianru Zhao, Ruining Zheng, Shiyu Zhou, Xiaolong Zhu, Runyu Zou, Yu An, Peng Cai, Yifu Chen, Hongbing Dai, Zigao Fan, Yizhong Feng, Changqing Feng, Hua Gao, He Huang, Liang Kang, Mingming Li, Lixin Li, Zhuo Liang, Enwei Lin, Lin Lin, Qianqian Liu, Congzhan Liu, Hongbang Liu, Xuewen Liu, Yinong Lu, Xiang Mao, Shude Shen, Rongfeng Shu, Jing Su, Meng Sun, Hui Tam, Pak-Hin Tang, Chi-Pui Tian, Yang Wang, Fayin Wang, Jianjun Wang, Wei Wang, Zhonghai Wu, Jianfeng Wu, Xuefeng Xiong, Shaolin Xu, Can Yu, Jiandong Yu, Wenfei Yu, Yunwei Zeng, Ming Zeng, Zhi Zhang, Bin-Bin Zhang, Bing Zhao, Zongqing Zhou, Rong Zhu, Zonghong Department of Engineering Physics Center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory Laser Fusion Research Center Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang621900 China Department of Physics Center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics Department of Physics Guangxi University NanningGuangxi530004 China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Ningbo University of Technology NingboZhejiang315211 China Department of Instruments Science & Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai200240 · China School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University NanjingJiangsu210093 China School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen University Zhuhai519082 China Department of Astronomy Xiamen University XiamenFujian361005 China School of Mathematics and Physics University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China School of Software Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China Department of Modern Physics School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China HefeiAnhui230026 China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Department of Astronomy School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China HefeiAnhui230026 China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210008 China Department of Astrono

The Gamma-Ray Integrated Detectors (GRID) is a space mission concept dedicated to monitoring the transient gamma-ray sky in the energy range from 10 keV to 2 MeV using scintillation detectors onboard CubeSats in low Earth orbits. The primary targets of GRID are the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the local universe. The scientific goal of GRID is, in synergy with ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors such as LIGO and VIRGO, to accumulate a sample of GRBs associated with the merger of two compact stars and study jets and related physics of those objects. It also involves observing and studying other gamma-ray transients such as long GRBs, soft gamma-ray repeaters, terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, and solar flares. With multiple CubeSats in various orbits, GRID is unaffected by the Earth occultation and serves as a full-time and all-sky monitor. Assuming a horizon of 200 Mpc for ground-based GW detectors, we expect to see a few associated GW-GRB events per year. With about 10 CubeSats in operation, GRID is capable of localizing a faint GRB like 170817A with a 90% error radius of about 10 degrees, through triangulation and flux modulation. GRID is proposed and developed by students, with considerable contribution from undergraduate students, and will remain operated as a student project in the future. The current GRID collaboration involves more than 20 institutes and keeps growing. On August 29th, the first GRID detector onboard a CubeSat was launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit and is currently under test. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gravity waves

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Inclusive-photon production and its dependence on photon isolation in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV using 139 fb⁻¹ of ATLAS data

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Journal of High Energy physics 2023年第7期2023卷 1-71页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abeling, K. Abidi, S.H. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Abusleme Hoffman, A.C. Acharya, B.S. Adam Bourdarios, C. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Addepalli, S.V. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adorni, S. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Ait Tamlihat, M. Aitbenchikh, B. Aizenberg, I. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, A. Alfonsi, F. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, S. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allendes Flores, C.A. Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alvarez Estevez, M. Alvarez Fernandez, A. Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S.P. Amos, K.R. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M.T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Antrim, D.J.A. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Aparisi Pozo, J.A. Aparo, M.A. Aperio Bella, L. Appelt, C. Aranzabal, N. Araujo Ferraz, V. Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Arrubarrena Tame, Z.P. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assahsah, J. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N.B. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avner, G. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bailey, A.J. Bailey, V.R. Baines, J.T. Bakalis, C. Baker, O.K. Bakker, P.J. Bakos, E. Bakshi Gupta, D. Balasubramanian, R. Baldin, E.M. Balek, P. Ballabene, E. Balli, F. Baltes, L.M. Balunas, W.K. Balz, J. Banas, E. Bandieramonte, M. Bandyopadhyay, A. Ba Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Department of Physics Ankara University Ankara Turkey Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey LAPP Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL United States Department of Physics University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX United States Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS) Beijing China Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA United States Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Istinye University Sariyer Istanbul Turk

Measurements of differential cross sections are presented for inclusive isolated-photon production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV provided by the LHC and using 139 fb⁻¹ of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment. The cross sections are measured as functions of the photon transverse energy in different regions of photon pseudorapidity. The photons are required to be isolated by means of a fixed-cone method with two different cone radii. The dependence of the inclusive-photon production on the photon isolation is investigated by measuring the fiducial cross sections as functions of the isolation-cone radius and the ratios of the differential cross sections with different radii in different regions of photon pseudorapidity. The results presented in this paper constitute an improvement with respect to those published by ATLAS earlier: the measurements are provided for different isolation radii and with a more granular segmentation in photon pseudorapidity that can be exploited in improving the determination of the proton parton distribution functions. These improvements provide a more in-depth test of the theoretical predictions. Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from JETPHOX and SHERPA and next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from NNLOJET are compared to the measurements, using several parameterisations of the proton parton distribution functions. The measured cross sections are well described by the fixed-order QCD predictions within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties in most of the investigated phase-space region. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Hadron-Hadron Scattering

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Erratum: "A structural modeling approach to solid solutions based on the similar atomic environment" [J. Chem. Phys. 153, 034101 (2020)]

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The Journal of chemical physics 2020年第8期153卷 089901页

作者： Fuyang Tian De-Ye Lin Xingyu Gao Ya-Fan Zhao Hai-Feng Song Institute for Applied Physics Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China. CAEP Software Center for High Performance Numerical Simulation Beijing 100088 China. Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088 China.

Due to a misunderstanding at the proof stage, the authors’ contribution was not stated clearly in the original paper.1 Additionally, the information on the co-c

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Probe of the Solar Magnetic Field Using the “Cosmic-Ray Shadow” of the Sun

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Physical Review Letters 2013年第1期111卷 011101-011101页

作者： M. Amenomori X. J. Bi D. Chen T. L. Chen W. Y. Chen S. W. Cui Danzengluobu L. K. Ding C. F. Feng Zhaoyang Feng Z. Y. Feng Q. B. Gou Y. Q. Guo K. Hakamada H. H. He Z. T. He K. Hibino N. Hotta Haibing Hu H. B. Hu J. Huang H. Y. Jia L. Jiang F. Kajino K. Kasahara Y. Katayose C. Kato K. Kawata Labaciren G. M. Le A. F. Li H. J. Li W. J. Li C. Liu J. S. Liu M. Y. Liu H. Lu X. R. Meng K. Mizutani K. Munakata H. Nanjo M. Nishizawa M. Ohnishi I. Ohta H. Onuma S. Ozawa X. L. Qian X. B. Qu T. Saito T. Y. Saito M. Sakata T. K. Sako J. Shao M. Shibata A. Shiomi T. Shirai H. Sugimoto M. Takita Y. H. Tan N. Tateyama S. Torii H. Tsuchiya S. Udo H. Wang H. R. Wu L. Xue Y. Yamamoto Z. Yang S. Yasue A. F. Yuan T. Yuda L. M. Zhai H. M. Zhang J. L. Zhang X. Y. Zhang Y. Zhang Yi Zhang Ying Zhang Zhaxisangzhu X. X. Zhou Department of Physics Hirosaki University Hirosaki 036-8561 Japan Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Department of Mathematics and Physics Tibet University Lhasa 850000 China Department of Physics Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050016 China Department of Physics Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Institute of Modern Physics SouthWest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China Department of Natural Science and Mathematics Chubu University Kasugai 487-8501 Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Yokohama 221-8686 Japan Faculty of Education Utsunomiya University Utsunomiya 321-8505 Japan Department of Physics Konan University Kobe 658-8501 Japan Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan Faculty of Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan Department of Physics Shinshu University Matsumoto 390-8621 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Kashiwa 277-8582 Japan School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Agriculture University Taian 271018 China Saitama University Saitama 338-8570 Japan National Institute of Informatics Tokyo 101-8430 Japan Sakushin Gakuin University Utsunomiya 321-3295 Japan Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology Tokyo 116-8523 Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Physik München D-80805 Germany College of Industrial Technology Nihon University Narashino 275-8576 Japan Shonan Institute of Technology Fujisawa 251-8511 Japan Japan Atomic Energy Agency Tokai-mura 319-1195 Japan School of General Education Shinshu University Matsumoto 390-8621 Japan

We report on a clear solar-cycle variation of the Sun’s shadow in the 10 TeV cosmic-ray flux observed by the Tibet air shower array during a full solar cycle from 1996 to 2009. In order to clarify the physical implications of the observed solar cycle variation, we develop numerical simulations of the Sun’s shadow, using the potential field source surface model and the current sheet source surface (CSSS) model for the coronal magnetic field. We find that the intensity deficit in the simulated Sun’s shadow is very sensitive to the coronal magnetic field structure, and the observed variation of the Sun’s shadow is better reproduced by the CSSS model. This is the first successful attempt to evaluate the coronal magnetic field models by using the Sun’s shadow observed in the TeV cosmic-ray flux.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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Tensor-Networks-based Learning of Probabilistic Cellular Automata Dynamics

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Casagrande, Heitor P. Xing, Bo Munro, William J. Guo, Chu Poletti, Dario Science Mathematics and Technology Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore487372 Singapore Okinawa Institute of Science Technology Graduate University Onna-son Okinawa904-0495 Japan Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Changsha410081 China EPD Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore487372 Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore117543 Singapore MajuLab CNRS-UNS-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654 Singapore Singapore

Algorithms developed to solve many-body quantum problems, like tensor networks, can turn into powerful quantum-inspired tools to tackle problems in the classical domain. In this work, we focus on matrix product operators, a prominent numerical technique to study many-body quantum systems, especially in one dimension. It has been previously shown that such a tool can be used for classification, learning of deterministic sequence-to-sequence processes and of generic quantum processes. We further develop a matrix product operator algorithm to learn probabilistic sequence-to-sequence processes and apply this algorithm to probabilistic cellular automata. This new approach can accurately learn probabilistic cellular automata processes in different conditions, even when the process is a probabilistic mixture of different chaotic rules. In addition, we find that the ability to learn these dynamics is a function of the bit-wise difference between the rules and whether one is much more likely than the other. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tensors

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Anthropogenic Influences on the Extremely Dry and Hot Summer of 2020 in Southern China and Projected Changes in the Likelihood of the Event

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Kaixi Zheng, Zhiyuan Zhu, Xian Dong, Wenjie Tett, Simon F.B. Dong, Buwen Zhang, Wenxia Lott, Fraser C. Bu, Lulei Wang, Yumiao Li, Huixin Nanding, Nergui Freychet, Nicolas Wang, Dongqian Qiao, Shaobo Ministry of Education Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China Zhuhai Branch State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Resource Ecology Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences Beijing Normal University Zhuhai China School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom National Centre for Atmospheric Science Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Met Office Hadley Centre ExeterEX1 3PB United Kingdom Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Institute of Atmospheric Sciences IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health Fudan University Shanghai China School of Hydrology and Water Resources Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China School of Earth Sciences Yunnan University Kunming China National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China Zhuhai China

During summer 2020, Southern China experienced an extremely dry and hot summer, which was identified as one of the top ten domestic weather and climate extreme events in 2020 by China Meteorological Administration. Summer mean precipitation, surface air temperature (TAS), and number of hot days (NHD) were about 25% dryer, 1.5℃ warmer, and 11 days larger than the 1981–2010 normal. These are the 4th largest precipitation deficit, the highest TAS, and the 2nd highest NHD in the 1961–2020 record. The large-scale circulation anomalies over the West Pacific increased the likelihood of these extremely event. Anthropogenic influences on this event were investigated using 525-member ensembles of the atmosphere-only HadGEM3-GA6 model and the multi-model ensembles from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Anthropogenic forcings doubled (increased by 11%) the probability of precipitation deficits, and increased occurrence more than [[EQUATION]] times for both TAS anomaly (1.25[[EQUATION]] probability higher) and NHD anomaly (300% probability higher) in HadGEM-GA6 (CMIP6). That means that the 2020-like TAS and NHD anomalies would not occur without anthropogenic forcings, and there is weak evidence that human influences decrease rainfall over Southern China. However, the precipitation deficit increased the likelihood of exceeding the observed thresholds for both TAS and NHD by about 17 (4) and 9 (11) times in HadGEM3-GA6 (CMIP6), respectively. Under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios in the future, 2020-like hot but wet extreme events increase in magnitude and frequency, while the frequency of dry events declines. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate models

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Evaluation of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Strength Using the Cosmic-Ray Shadow of the Sun

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第3期120卷 031101-031101页

作者： M. Amenomori X. J. Bi D. Chen T. L. Chen W. Y. Chen S. W. Cui Danzengluobu L. K. Ding C. F. Feng Zhaoyang Feng Z. Y. Feng Q. B. Gou Y. Q. Guo H. H. He Z. T. He K. Hibino N. Hotta Haibing Hu H. B. Hu J. Huang H. Y. Jia L. Jiang F. Kajino K. Kasahara Y. Katayose C. Kato K. Kawata M. Kozai Labaciren G. M. Le A. F. Li H. J. Li W. J. Li C. Liu J. S. Liu M. Y. Liu H. Lu X. R. Meng T. Miyazaki K. Mizutani K. Munakata T. Nakajima Y. Nakamura H. Nanjo M. Nishizawa T. Niwa M. Ohnishi I. Ohta S. Ozawa X. L. Qian X. B. Qu T. Saito T. Y. Saito M. Sakata T. K. Sako J. Shao M. Shibata A. Shiomi T. Shirai H. Sugimoto M. Takita Y. H. Tan N. Tateyama S. Torii H. Tsuchiya S. Udo H. Wang H. R. Wu L. Xue Y. Yamamoto K. Yamauchi Z. Yang A. F. Yuan T. Yuda L. M. Zhai H. M. Zhang J. L. Zhang X. Y. Zhang Y. Zhang Yi Zhang Ying Zhang Zhaxisangzhu X. X. Zhou Department of Physics Hirosaki University Hirosaki 036-8561 Japan Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Department of Mathematics and Physics Tibet University Lhasa 850000 China Department of Physics Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050016 China Department of Physics Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Institute of Modern Physics SouthWest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Yokohama 221-8686 Japan Faculty of Education Utsunomiya University Utsunomiya 321-8505 Japan Department of Physics Konan University Kobe 658-8501 Japan Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan Faculty of Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan Department of Physics Shinshu University Matsumoto 390-8621 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Kashiwa 277-8582 Japan Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA) Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5210 Japan National Center for Space Weather China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Agriculture University Taian 271018 China Saitama University Saitama 338-8570 Japan National Institute of Informatics Tokyo 101-8430 Japan Sakushin Gakuin University Utsunomiya 321-3295 Japan College of Science China University of Petroleum Qingdao 266555 China Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology Tokyo 116-8523 Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Physik München D-80805 Deutschland Escuela de Ciencias Físicas y Nanotechnología Yachay Tech Imbabura 100115 Ecuador College of Industrial Technology Nihon University Narashino 275-8576 Japan Shonan Institute of Technology Fujisawa 251-8511 Japan Japan Atomic Energy Agency Tokai-mu

We analyze the Sun’s shadow observed with the Tibet-III air shower array and find that the shadow’s center deviates northward (southward) from the optical solar disk center in the “away” (“toward”) interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) sector. By comparing with numerical simulations based on the solar magnetic field model, we find that the average IMF strength in the away (toward) sector is 1.54±0.21stat±0.20syst (1.62±0.15stat±0.22syst) times larger than the model prediction. These demonstrate that the observed Sun’s shadow is a useful tool for the quantitative evaluation of the average solar magnetic field.

关键词： Cosmic ray propagation Sun Interplanetary magnetic field Cosmic rays & astroparticles

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Scalar induced gravitational waves in modified teleparallel gravity theories

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Physical Review D 2023年第12期107卷 124019-124019页

作者： Charalampos Tzerefos Theodoros Papanikolaou Emmanuel N. Saridakis Spyros Basilakos National Observatory of Athens Lofos Nymfon 11852 Athens Greece Department of Physics National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Zografou Campus GR 157 73 Athens Greece CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 People’s Republic of China Departamento de Matemáticas Universidad Católica del Norte Avenida Angamos 0610 Casilla 1280 Antofagasta Chile Academy of Athens Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics Soranou Efesiou 4 11527 Athens Greece School of Sciences European University Cyprus Diogenes Street Engomi 1516 Nicosia Cyprus

Primordial black holes (PBHs) forming out of the collapse of enhanced cosmological perturbations provide access to the early Universe through their associated observational signatures. In particular, enhanced cosmological perturbations collapsing to form PBHs are responsible for the generation of a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) induced by second-order gravitational interactions, usually called scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs). This SGWB is sensitive to the underlying gravitational theory; hence it can be used as a novel tool to test the standard paradigm of gravity and constrain possible deviations from general relativity. In this work, we study the aforementioned GW signal within modified teleparallel gravity theories, developing a formalism for the derivation of the GW spectral abundance within any form of gravitational action. At the end, working within viable f(T,ϕ) models without matter-gravity couplings, and accounting for the effect of monoparametric f(T) gravity at the level of the source and the propagation of the tensor perturbations, we show that the respective GW signal is indistinguishable from that within GR. Interestingly, we find that in order to break the degeneracy between different f(T) theories through the portal of SIGWs one should necessarily consider nonminimal matter-gravity couplings at the level of the gravitational action.

关键词： Alternative gravity theories Cosmology Gravitation Gravitational wave sources Gravitational waves Inflation

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